Drop freezing experiments with ammonium sulfate water solutions have shown the existence of the temperature maxima that are a function of the salt concentration.The maxima were:-12℃ for 10-4 M solution on filter,-9℃...Drop freezing experiments with ammonium sulfate water solutions have shown the existence of the temperature maxima that are a function of the salt concentration.The maxima were:-12℃ for 10-4 M solution on filter,-9℃ for 10^(-4) to 10^(-3)M solution in contact with particles of continental origin,and -4℃ for 10^(-4) M solution in contact with particles of marine origin. It was speculated that the presence of ice-forming nuclei active at high temperature (-4℃) should extend the for- mation of ice in clouds toward lower latitudes,increase their albedos,and provide additional cooling during daytime for the earth.The microphysics of clouds must be included in studying climate.展开更多
文摘Drop freezing experiments with ammonium sulfate water solutions have shown the existence of the temperature maxima that are a function of the salt concentration.The maxima were:-12℃ for 10-4 M solution on filter,-9℃ for 10^(-4) to 10^(-3)M solution in contact with particles of continental origin,and -4℃ for 10^(-4) M solution in contact with particles of marine origin. It was speculated that the presence of ice-forming nuclei active at high temperature (-4℃) should extend the for- mation of ice in clouds toward lower latitudes,increase their albedos,and provide additional cooling during daytime for the earth.The microphysics of clouds must be included in studying climate.
