In the impact tests of soft materials, we sometimes observe a thorn shape in the rising segment of the impact force waveform. However, the reason for the occurrence of the thorn shape has not been made clear. In this ...In the impact tests of soft materials, we sometimes observe a thorn shape in the rising segment of the impact force waveform. However, the reason for the occurrence of the thorn shape has not been made clear. In this study, thorn-shape waveforms of several soft materials are measured using compact drop test equipment under the condition of a flat frontal impact. A flat frontal impact is the condition where a drop hammer with a flat bottom surface strikes a plate-like soft material in the normal direction. Synchronized impact forces are measured using two sensors installed on both the drop hammer side and the floor side. The examined soft materials are a sponge sheet, sponge rubber sheet, gel sheet, rubber sheet, flat oil clay, low-rebound urethane foam, cork sheet, sliced ham, pork ham steak, and pork. Based on the test results, the features of the thorn-shape waveforms are discussed from a bird’s-eye view. Furthermore, the occurrence mechanism of the thorn-shape waveforms is discussed from the viewpoint of viscosity discontinuity and the double-strike phenomenon.展开更多
在油藏温度下,采用ADSA(axisymmetric drop shape analysis)技术测定了不同压力下CO2/原油和N2/原油体系的平衡界面张力。实验发现,原油与超临界CO2接触的初始阶段存在强烈的扩散作用,原油中的轻质组分被超临界CO2溶解抽提,并且随着压...在油藏温度下,采用ADSA(axisymmetric drop shape analysis)技术测定了不同压力下CO2/原油和N2/原油体系的平衡界面张力。实验发现,原油与超临界CO2接触的初始阶段存在强烈的扩散作用,原油中的轻质组分被超临界CO2溶解抽提,并且随着压力的增加,这种溶解抽提作用增强;原油与N2接触时,也存在相互扩散作用,但在本实验所测试的压力范围内(小于36MPa)并不明显。两种体系的平衡界面张力随着压力的升高逐渐降低,其中CO2/原油体系的平衡界面张力降低的幅度明显大于N2/原油体系;N2/原油体系的平衡界面张力随压力基本呈线性变化。在CO2/原油体系中,当压力低于17.7MPa时,平衡界面张力下降非常快;当压力大于17.7MPa时,CO2/原油体系的平衡界面张力下降较慢。展开更多
文摘In the impact tests of soft materials, we sometimes observe a thorn shape in the rising segment of the impact force waveform. However, the reason for the occurrence of the thorn shape has not been made clear. In this study, thorn-shape waveforms of several soft materials are measured using compact drop test equipment under the condition of a flat frontal impact. A flat frontal impact is the condition where a drop hammer with a flat bottom surface strikes a plate-like soft material in the normal direction. Synchronized impact forces are measured using two sensors installed on both the drop hammer side and the floor side. The examined soft materials are a sponge sheet, sponge rubber sheet, gel sheet, rubber sheet, flat oil clay, low-rebound urethane foam, cork sheet, sliced ham, pork ham steak, and pork. Based on the test results, the features of the thorn-shape waveforms are discussed from a bird’s-eye view. Furthermore, the occurrence mechanism of the thorn-shape waveforms is discussed from the viewpoint of viscosity discontinuity and the double-strike phenomenon.
文摘在油藏温度下,采用ADSA(axisymmetric drop shape analysis)技术测定了不同压力下CO2/原油和N2/原油体系的平衡界面张力。实验发现,原油与超临界CO2接触的初始阶段存在强烈的扩散作用,原油中的轻质组分被超临界CO2溶解抽提,并且随着压力的增加,这种溶解抽提作用增强;原油与N2接触时,也存在相互扩散作用,但在本实验所测试的压力范围内(小于36MPa)并不明显。两种体系的平衡界面张力随着压力的升高逐渐降低,其中CO2/原油体系的平衡界面张力降低的幅度明显大于N2/原油体系;N2/原油体系的平衡界面张力随压力基本呈线性变化。在CO2/原油体系中,当压力低于17.7MPa时,平衡界面张力下降非常快;当压力大于17.7MPa时,CO2/原油体系的平衡界面张力下降较慢。