By using 1958-2001 NOAA extended reconstructed sea surface temperature(SST) data, ERA40 reanalysis soil moisture data and precipitation data of 444 stations in China(east of 100°E), the possible relationships amo...By using 1958-2001 NOAA extended reconstructed sea surface temperature(SST) data, ERA40 reanalysis soil moisture data and precipitation data of 444 stations in China(east of 100°E), the possible relationships among South China Sea(SCS) SST anomaly(SSTA), soil moisture anomalies(SMA) and summer precipitation in eastern China as well as their possible physical processes are investigated. Results show that the SSTA of SCS bears an evidently negative correlation with spring soil moisture in the east part of Southwest China. More(less) precipitation happens in the Yangtze River basin and less(more) in the Southeast China in summer when the SSTA of SCS is higher(lower) than normal and the soil in the east part of Southwest China is dry(wet) in spring. Further analysis shows that when the SSTA of SCS is high(low), the southwesterly wind at low level is weak(strong), decreasing(increasing) the water vapor transport in South China, resulting in reduced(increased) spring precipitation in the east part of Southwest China and more(less) soil moisture in spring. Through the evaporation feedback mechanism, the dry(wet) soil makes the surface temperature higher(lower) in summer, causing the westward extension(eastward retreat) of the West Pacific Subtropical High, eventually leading to the summer precipitation anomalies.展开更多
Using the in-situ precipitation and NCEP/NCAR daily reanalysis data, we foundby studies of change of moisture flux and its effect that the northward water vapor transportrepresented by moisture flux in East China tend...Using the in-situ precipitation and NCEP/NCAR daily reanalysis data, we foundby studies of change of moisture flux and its effect that the northward water vapor transportrepresented by moisture flux in East China tends to retreat southward, and the eastward water vaportransport tends to weaken with weakening of the intensity of moisture flux. The north boundary ofmeridional moisture flux (50 kg m^(-1)s^(-1)) retreats 2.8 degrees in latitude per decade during1968-2003. The weakening of water vapor transport implies the weakening and southward retreat ofEast Asian monsoon, which leads to the tendency of decrease in moisture flux convergence over NorthChina and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the tendency of decrease inprecipitation over those regions, but on the contrary the enhanced water vapor transport convergenceover the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River implies the tendency of increase inprecipitation to some extent. Indeed the long-term variability of precipitation in East China has aclose relation with that of atmospheric moisture flux.展开更多
使用黄土高原气象台站的土壤湿度和降水观测资料以及GLDAS和CMFD再分析资料,分析黄土高原地区土壤湿度与降水量的时空分布及变化特征,通过回归分析、格兰杰因果检验和奇异值分解(Singular value decomposition,SVD),研究土壤湿度与降水...使用黄土高原气象台站的土壤湿度和降水观测资料以及GLDAS和CMFD再分析资料,分析黄土高原地区土壤湿度与降水量的时空分布及变化特征,通过回归分析、格兰杰因果检验和奇异值分解(Singular value decomposition,SVD),研究土壤湿度与降水之间的关系,分析初始土壤湿度影响随后降水的时间尺度与空间范围。结果显示:黄土高原的土壤湿度与随后1~2个月降水回归分析的解释方差相对较高,较大值在夏秋季节(7-10月),黄土高原不同区域(Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区和Ⅲ区)的土壤湿度与随后21天降水相关的时间较全区域的多,时间较集中,说明黄土高原土壤湿度分布不均匀,不同区域差别较大,较大的滞后降水时间尺度适用于较大空间范围的分析。格兰杰因果检验表明黄土高原全区域秋季(10月、11月)的初始土壤湿度对随后1个月或2个月的降水有显著影响,在Ⅲ区8月土壤湿度对10月的降水也有显著影响,这与回归分析的结果一致。再分析资料的SVD分解的结果显示,1979-2014年7月黄土高原中部、北部和东部土壤较湿润时,8月西部和北部边缘的降水偏多;9月东部的土壤偏湿润,则10月黄土高原西部以及南北部的一些地区降水偏多。土壤湿度与降水的显著相关区域重叠部分较少,说明黄土高原土壤湿度对降水的影响存在一定程度的时空不对称性。展开更多
本文利用观测和再分析资料,通过奇异值分解(Singular Value Decomposition,SVD)分析,发现北极涛动(Arctic Oscillation,AO)是显著影响中国夏季降水年际异常的前冬中高纬大气环流变异的主模态。AO在冬季发展成熟,在春季衰亡,在夏季发生...本文利用观测和再分析资料,通过奇异值分解(Singular Value Decomposition,SVD)分析,发现北极涛动(Arctic Oscillation,AO)是显著影响中国夏季降水年际异常的前冬中高纬大气环流变异的主模态。AO在冬季发展成熟,在春季衰亡,在夏季发生位相反转。AO会导致华北、东北、长江中下游和华南夏季降水异常呈现三极型分布。伴随正位相的AO,在黄海至日本海上空的异常低压伴随的东北风异常引起华北和东北水汽通量异常辐散及降水减少,而西北太平洋的异常高压不仅增强其北侧的西南风水汽输送,和北部异常低压共同作用导致长江中下游水汽通量异常辐合及降水增加,而且使得华南水汽通量异常辐散,降水减少。因此,本文发现的前冬AO模态与我国夏季三极型异常降水分布的关系可为我国夏季旱涝预测提供一个重要的中高纬前期因子。展开更多
基金National Science Foundation of China(41230422)Special Funds for Public Welfare of China(GYHY 201206017)+3 种基金NCET ProgramNatural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK2004001)Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)Research Innovation Program for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province(CXZZ13_0499)
文摘By using 1958-2001 NOAA extended reconstructed sea surface temperature(SST) data, ERA40 reanalysis soil moisture data and precipitation data of 444 stations in China(east of 100°E), the possible relationships among South China Sea(SCS) SST anomaly(SSTA), soil moisture anomalies(SMA) and summer precipitation in eastern China as well as their possible physical processes are investigated. Results show that the SSTA of SCS bears an evidently negative correlation with spring soil moisture in the east part of Southwest China. More(less) precipitation happens in the Yangtze River basin and less(more) in the Southeast China in summer when the SSTA of SCS is higher(lower) than normal and the soil in the east part of Southwest China is dry(wet) in spring. Further analysis shows that when the SSTA of SCS is high(low), the southwesterly wind at low level is weak(strong), decreasing(increasing) the water vapor transport in South China, resulting in reduced(increased) spring precipitation in the east part of Southwest China and more(less) soil moisture in spring. Through the evaporation feedback mechanism, the dry(wet) soil makes the surface temperature higher(lower) in summer, causing the westward extension(eastward retreat) of the West Pacific Subtropical High, eventually leading to the summer precipitation anomalies.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 40575038.
文摘Using the in-situ precipitation and NCEP/NCAR daily reanalysis data, we foundby studies of change of moisture flux and its effect that the northward water vapor transportrepresented by moisture flux in East China tends to retreat southward, and the eastward water vaportransport tends to weaken with weakening of the intensity of moisture flux. The north boundary ofmeridional moisture flux (50 kg m^(-1)s^(-1)) retreats 2.8 degrees in latitude per decade during1968-2003. The weakening of water vapor transport implies the weakening and southward retreat ofEast Asian monsoon, which leads to the tendency of decrease in moisture flux convergence over NorthChina and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the tendency of decrease inprecipitation over those regions, but on the contrary the enhanced water vapor transport convergenceover the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River implies the tendency of increase inprecipitation to some extent. Indeed the long-term variability of precipitation in East China has aclose relation with that of atmospheric moisture flux.
文摘使用黄土高原气象台站的土壤湿度和降水观测资料以及GLDAS和CMFD再分析资料,分析黄土高原地区土壤湿度与降水量的时空分布及变化特征,通过回归分析、格兰杰因果检验和奇异值分解(Singular value decomposition,SVD),研究土壤湿度与降水之间的关系,分析初始土壤湿度影响随后降水的时间尺度与空间范围。结果显示:黄土高原的土壤湿度与随后1~2个月降水回归分析的解释方差相对较高,较大值在夏秋季节(7-10月),黄土高原不同区域(Ⅰ区、Ⅱ区和Ⅲ区)的土壤湿度与随后21天降水相关的时间较全区域的多,时间较集中,说明黄土高原土壤湿度分布不均匀,不同区域差别较大,较大的滞后降水时间尺度适用于较大空间范围的分析。格兰杰因果检验表明黄土高原全区域秋季(10月、11月)的初始土壤湿度对随后1个月或2个月的降水有显著影响,在Ⅲ区8月土壤湿度对10月的降水也有显著影响,这与回归分析的结果一致。再分析资料的SVD分解的结果显示,1979-2014年7月黄土高原中部、北部和东部土壤较湿润时,8月西部和北部边缘的降水偏多;9月东部的土壤偏湿润,则10月黄土高原西部以及南北部的一些地区降水偏多。土壤湿度与降水的显著相关区域重叠部分较少,说明黄土高原土壤湿度对降水的影响存在一定程度的时空不对称性。
文摘本文利用观测和再分析资料,通过奇异值分解(Singular Value Decomposition,SVD)分析,发现北极涛动(Arctic Oscillation,AO)是显著影响中国夏季降水年际异常的前冬中高纬大气环流变异的主模态。AO在冬季发展成熟,在春季衰亡,在夏季发生位相反转。AO会导致华北、东北、长江中下游和华南夏季降水异常呈现三极型分布。伴随正位相的AO,在黄海至日本海上空的异常低压伴随的东北风异常引起华北和东北水汽通量异常辐散及降水减少,而西北太平洋的异常高压不仅增强其北侧的西南风水汽输送,和北部异常低压共同作用导致长江中下游水汽通量异常辐合及降水增加,而且使得华南水汽通量异常辐散,降水减少。因此,本文发现的前冬AO模态与我国夏季三极型异常降水分布的关系可为我国夏季旱涝预测提供一个重要的中高纬前期因子。
