The Efficacy and Safety of Drug-Coated Balloons in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction

The incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is increasing year by year, which seriously endangers human health around the world. The preferred treatment strategy for AMI patients is the use of drug-eluting stents (DES), as there is ample evidence to suggest that stent implantation can reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). With the application of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) and the enhancement of the concept of interventional without implantation, the question is whether DCBs can be safely and effectively used in patients with AMI? The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of DCBs in the treatment of AMI. A retrospective review of clinical data was conducted on 55 AMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from January 2020 to December 2021. Of these patients, 25 were treated with DCBs and 30 were treated with DESs. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to measure the minimum lumen diameter, lumen stenosis, and coronary artery dissection before and after surgery, and angina pectoris attacks and various MACEs were recorded at 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery. The results showed that there were no significant differences in clinical baseline data between the two groups. However, the minimum lumen diameter of the DCB group immediately after the operation was smaller than that of the DES group, and the stenosis degree of the lumen in the DCB group was higher than that in the DES group. The incidence of coronary artery dissection in the DCB group was significantly higher than that in the DES group, but the majority of them were type B. At 1, 6, and 12 months after treatment, there was no significant difference in the occurrence of MACEs between the two groups. In conclusion, DCBs is a safe and effective treatment for AMI. However, the incidence of coronary artery dissection in DCB patients is higher than that in DES patients, but the majority of them are type B. .

Preliminary experience with drug-coated balloon angioplasty in primary percutaneous coronary intervention

We evaluated the clinical feasibility of using drugcoated balloon(DCB) angioplasty in patients undergoingprimary percutaneous coronary intervention(PPCI). Between January 2010 to September 2014,89 STelevation myocardial infarction patients(83% male,mean age 59 ± 14 years) with a total of 89 coronary lesions were treated with DCB during PPCI. Clinical outcomes are reported at 30 d follow-up. Left anterior descending artery was the most common target vessel for PCI(37%). Twenty-eight percent of the patients had underlying diabetes mellitus. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 44% ± 11%. DCB-only PCI was the predominant approach(96%) with the remaining 4% of patients receiving bail-out stenting. Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction(TIMI) 3 flow was successfully restored in 98% of patients. An average of 1.2 ± 0.5 DCB were used per patient,with mean DCB diameter of 2.6 ± 0.5 mm and average length of 23.2 ± 10.2 mm. At 30-d follow-up,there were 4 deaths(4.5%). No patients experienced abrupt closure of the infarctrelated artery and there was no reported target-lesion failure. Our preliminary experience showed that DCB angioplasty in PPCI was feasible and associated with a high rate of TIMI 3 flow and low 30-d ischaemic event.

Preparation and characterization of icariin/PHBV drug delivery coatings on anodic oxidized titanium

A composite material was fabricated by applying a biodegradable drug delivery coating,consisting of poly（3-hydroxyburyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate）（PHBV） and icariin,to an anodic oxidized titanium plate.The coating was prepared by evaporating chloroform solution containing PHBV and icariin on the titanium plate under vacuum condition.Icariin/PHBV coated titanium plates significantly enhance the proliferation of MG-63 cells compared with the PHBV coated and anodic oxidized ones.Increased icariin contained in the coating displays an elevated influence on cell proliferation.The results show that icariin gradually releases from the coating to cells mainly through the phospholipid-based cellular membrane instead of the culture medium.The overall results suggest that the novel icariin/PHBV coating can be used to enhance the bioactivity of titanium based orthopedic implants.

Enhanced delivery efficiency and sustained release of biopharmaceuticals by complexation-based gel encapsulated coated microneedles:rhIFNα-1b example

Coated microneedles(MNs) are widely used for delivering biopharmaceuticals. In this study, a novel gel encapsulated coated MNs(GEC-MNs) was developed. The water-soluble drug coating was encapsulated with sodium alginate(SA) in situ complexation gel. The manufacturing process of GEC-MNs was optimized for mass production. Compared to the water-soluble coated MNs(72.02% ± 11.49%), the drug delivery efficiency of the optimized GEC-MNs(88.42% ± 6.72%) was steadily increased, and this improvement was investigated through in vitro drug release. The sustained-release of BSA was observed in vitro permeation through the skin. The rhIFN α-1 b GEC-MNs was confirmed to achieve biosafety and 6-month storage stability. Pharmacokinetics of rhIFN α-1 b in GEC-MNs showed a linearly dosedependent relationship. The AUC of rhIFN α-1 b in GEC-MNs(4.51 ng/ml ·h) was bioequivalent to the intradermal(ID) injection(5.36 ng/ml ·h) and significantly higher than water-soluble coated MNs(3.12 ng/ml ·h). The rhIFN α-1 b elimination half-life of GEC-MNs, soluble coated MNs, and ID injection was 18.16, 1.44, and 2.53 h, respectively. The complexation-based GECMNs have proved to be more efficient, stable, and achieve the sustained-release of watersoluble drug in coating MNs, constituting a high value to biopharmaceutical.

Impact of Biomechanical Forces on Antibiotics Release Kinetics from Hydroxyapatite Coated Surgical Fixation Pins

This work investigates the impact of biomechanical wear and abrasion on the antibiotic release profiles of hydroxyapatite (HA) coated fixation pins during their insertion into synthetic bone. Stainless steel fixation pins are coated with crystalline TiO2 by cathodic arc evaporation forming the bioactive layer for biomimetic deposition of Tobramycin containing HA. Tobramycin is either introduced by co-precipitation during HA formation or by adsorption-loading after HA deposition. The samples containing antibiotics are inserted into bone mimicking polyethylene foam after which the drug release is monitored using high performance liquid chromatography. This analysis shows that HA coating wear and delamination significantly decrease the amount of drug released during initial burst, but only marginally influence the sustained release period. Spalled coating fragments are found to remain within the synthetic bone material structure. The presence of HA within this structure supports the assumption that the local release of Tobramycin is not only expected to eliminate bacteria growth directly at the pin interface but as well at some distance from the implant. Furthermore, no negative effect of gamma sterilization could be observed on the drug release profile. Overall, the observed results demonstrate the feasibility of a multifunctional implant coating that is simultaneously able to locally deliver clinically relevant doses of antibiotics and an HA coating capable of promoting osteoconduction. This is a potentially promising step toward orthopaedic devices that combine good fixation with the ability to treat and prevent post-surgical infections.

Film coated floating tablets using sublimable substances

During the past few decades floating drug delivery systems(FDDSs)have been developed to prolong gastric retention time and obtain sufficient drug bioavailability[1].To avoid unpredictable time to float due to variable pH of the gastric fluid in each subject and food in the stomach[2],sublimation technique is the new interesting approach to prepare noneffervescent FDDSs[3].The objective of the present study was to develop the low-density film coated floating tablets using sublimable substances.

Functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury via sustained growth factor delivery from mineral-coated microparticles

The gold standard for treating peripheral nerve injuries that have large nerve gaps where the nerves cannot be directly sutured back together because it creates tension on the nerve,is to incorporate an autologous nerve graft.However,even with the incorporation of a nerve graft,generally patients only regain a small portion of function in limbs affected by the injury.Although,there has been some promising results using growth factors to induce more axon growth through the nerve graft,many of these previous therapies are limited in their ability to release growth factors in a sustained manner and tailor them to a desired time frame.The ideal drug delivery platform would deliver growth factors at therapeutic levels for enough time to grow axons the entire length of the nerve graft.We hypothesized that mineral coated microparticles(MCMs)would bind,stabilize and release biologically active glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)and nerve growth factor(NGF)in a sustained manner.Therefore,the objective of this study was to test the ability of MCMs releasing growth factors at the distal end of a 10 mm sciatic nerve graft,to induce axon growth through the nerve graft and restore hind limb function.After sciatic nerve grafting in Lewis rats,the hind limb function was tested weekly by measuring the angle of the ankle at toe lift-off while walking down a track.Twelve weeks after grafting,the grafts were harvested and myelinated axons were analyzed proximal to the graft,in the center of the graft,and distal to the graft.Under physiological conditions in vitro,the MCMs delivered a burst release of NGF and GDNF for 3 days followed by a sustained release for at least 22 days.In vivo,MCMs releasing NGF and GDNF at the distal end of sciatic nerve grafts resulted in significantly more myelinated axons extending distal to the graft when compared to rats that received nerve grafts without growth factor treatment.The rats with nerve grafts incorporated with MCMs releasing NGF and GDNF also showed significant improvement in hind limb function starting at 7 weeks postoperatively and continuing through 12 weeks postoperatively when compared to rats that received nerve grafts without growth factor treatment.In conclusion,MCMs released biologically active NGF and GDNF in a sustained manner,which significantly enhanced axon growth resulting in a significant improvement of hind limb function in rats.The animal experiments were approved by University of Wisconsin-Madison Animal Care and Use Committee(ACUC,protocol#M5958)on January 3,2018.

Synthesis and characterization of PEG-coated poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles

Injectable nanoparticle carrier, poly(ethylene glycol)-coated poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate) has been prepared by a simple method. At First, synthesizing PEG macromonomer of poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether with acryloyl chloride, then graft copolymer of poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate) and poly(ethylene glycol) was yield by free radical polymerization of ethyl cyanoacrylate with PEG macromonomer in toluene solvent. Characterization of the copolymer has been performed by FTIR, 1 H-NMR and GPC analysis. Nanoparticles were easily prepared from the obtained amphiphilic copolymer.

Engineering polymer nanoparticles using cell membrane coating technology and their application in cancer treatments:Opportunities and challenges

Nanotechnology has revolutionized cancer drug delivery,and recent research continues to focus on the development of“one-size-fits-all,”i.e.,“all-in-one”delivery nanovehicles.Although nanomedicines can address significant shortcomings of conventional therapy,biological barriers remain a challenge in their delivery and accumulation at diseased sites.To achieve long circulation time,immune evasion,and targeted accumulation,conventional nanocarriers need modifications,e.g.,PEGylation,peptide/aptamer attachment,etc.One such modification is a biomimetic coating using cell membrane(CM),which can offer long circulation or targeting,or both.This top-down CM coating process is facile and can provide some advantageous features over surface modification by synthetic polymers.Herein,an overview is provided on the engineering of CM camouflaged polymer nanoparticles.A short section on CM and the development of CM coating technology has been provided.Detailed description of the preparation and characterization of CM camouflaged polymer NPs and their applications in cancer treatment has been reported.A brief comparison between CM coating and PEGylation has been highlighted.Various targeting approaches to achieve tumor-specific delivery of CM coated NPs have been summarized here.Overall,this review will give the readers a nice picture of CM coated polymer NPs,along with their opportunities and challenges.

Current evidence of drug-elution therapy for infrapopliteal arterial disease

New and sophisticated endovascular devices, such as drug-eluting stents(DES)and drug-coated balloons(DCB), provide targeted drug delivery to affected vessels. The invention of these devices has made it possible to address the reparative cascade of arterial wall injury following balloon angioplasty that results in restenosis. DESs were first used for the treatment of infrapopliteal lesions almost 20 years ago. More recently, however, DCB technology is being investigated to improve outcomes of endovascular below-the-knee arterial procedures, avoiding the need for a metallic scaffold. Today, level IA evidence supports the use of infrapopliteal DES for short to medium length lesions,although robust evidence that justifies the use of DCBs in this anatomical area is missing. This review summarizes and discusses all available data on infrapopliteal drug-elution devices and highlights the most promising future perspectives.

Hot-melt sub-and outercoating combined with enteric aqueous coating to improve the stability of aspirin tablets

Aspirin is apt to hydrolyze. In order to improve its stability, a new method has been developed involving the application of hot-melt sub-and outercoating combined with enteric aqueous coating. The main aim was to investigate the influence of these factors on the stability of ASA and understand how they work. Satisfactory storage stability were obtained when the aspirin tablet core coated with Eudragit L30D55 film was combined with glycerin monostearate(GMS) as an outercoat. Hygroscopicity testing indicated that the moisture penetrating into the tablet may result in a significant change in the physical properties of the coating film observed by scanning electron microscopy. Investigation of the compatibility between the drug and film excipients shows that the talc and methacrylic acid had a significant catalytic effect on ASA. A hypothesis was proposed that the hydrolysis of ASA enteric coated tablets(ASA-ECT) was mostly concentrated in the internal film and the interfaces between the film and tablet core. In conclusion, hot-melt coating technology is an alternative to subcoating or outercoating. Also, GMS sub-coating was a better choice for forming a stable barrier between the tablet core and the polymer coating layer, and increases the structure and chemical stability.

The Effects of Antiretroviral Drugs on the Absorbance Characteristics of HIV-Infected Blood

In the twenty first century research works, there may be a need to achieve a more reliable research result through a synergy between engineers and biological researchers. The peak absorbance data for various interacting systems were measured. These were used to show that the antiretroviral drug has the effect of increasing the peak absorbance values of both the uninfected and infected blood components, i.e., the drugs are made able to increase the light absorption capacity of the blood cells. For drug 2 that contains three components including Efavirenz, the drug effect on lymphocytes was increased by about 38% for patients that had been on antiretroviral drug treatment. Mathematical models were proposed and used in determining the coating effectiveness of antiretroviral drugs in the presence and absence of HIV. The use of the findings of this work by pharmaceutical industries may help in the search for more effective antiretroviral drugs for the treatment of HIV patients.

Comparison of different approaches for direct coupling of solid-phase microextraction to mass spectrometry for drugs of abuse analysis in plasma

The direct coupling of solid-phase microextraction(SPME)to mass spectrometry(MS)(SPME-MS)has proven to be an effective method for the fast screening and quantitative analysis of compounds in complex matrices such as blood and plasma.In recent years,our lab has developed three novel SPME-MS techniques:SPME-microfluidic open interface-MS(SPME-MOI-MS),coated blade spray-MS(CBS-MS),and SPME-probe electrospray ionization-MS(SPME-PESI-MS).The fast and high-throughput nature of these SPME-MS technologies makes them attractive options for point-of-care analysis and anti-doping testing.However,all these three techniques utilize different SPME geometries and were tested with different MS instruments.Lack of comparative data makes it difficult to determine which of these methodologies is the best option for any given application.This work fills this gap by making a comprehensive comparison of these three technologies with different SPME devices including SPME fibers,CBS blades,and SPME-PESI probes and SPME-liquid chromatography-MS(SPME-LC-MS)for the analysis of drugs of abuse using the same MS instrument.Furthermore,for the first time,we developed different desorption chambers for MOI-MS for coupling with SPME fibers,CBS blades,and SPME-PESI probes,thus illustrating the universality of this approach.In total,eight analytical methods were developed,with the experimental data showing that all the SPME-based methods provided good analytical performance with R^(2)of linearities larger than 0.9925,accuracies between 81%and 118%,and good precision with an RSD%≤13%.

药物涂层球囊与雷帕霉素洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉小血管病变患者的效果比较

目的:比较药物涂层球囊与雷帕霉素洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉小血管病变患者的效果。方法:选取2021年3月至2022年2月该院收治的60例冠状动脉小血管病变患者进行前瞻性研究,依据随机数字表法将其分为对照组与研究组各30例。两组均接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗,对照组植入雷帕霉素洗脱支架,研究组使用药物涂层球囊治疗,术后随访1年。比较两组术前、术后即刻、术后1年时病变血管最小管腔直径(MLD)和狭窄程度,晚期管腔丢失情况以及并发症发生率。结果:术后即刻,两组MLD均大于术前,狭窄程度均低于术前,但组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1年,两组MLD均小于术后即刻,狭窄程度均高于术后即刻,但研究组MLD大于对照组,狭窄程度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1年,研究组晚期管腔丢失小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组并发症发生率为13.33%(4/30),低于对照组的36.67%(11/30),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:药物涂层球囊治疗冠状动脉小血管病变患者近期疗效与雷帕霉素洗脱支架相当,但远期疗效更好,术后1年时MLD更大、狭窄程度更低,可减少晚期管腔丢失,降低支架内血栓形成、再狭窄等并发症发生率。

腺苷注射液在紫杉醇释放冠脉球囊导管扩张术中的应用价值

目的评价腺苷注射液在药物涂层球囊术中的应用价值。方法纳入行药物涂层球囊术患者200例,随机分为2组,一组为对照组,术后依据常规治疗;二组为观察组,术后立即给予患者腺苷注射液持续泵入3 h。所有患者行冠脉SYNTAXⅡ评分,记录经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术(PTCA)术前及术后6、12、18、24 h时CK-MB、NT-proBNP、hs-CRP情况、术前及术后7 d应用心脏专用机行静息+瑞加诺生负荷心肌核素灌注显像(D-SPECT),观察静息+负荷心肌17节段分布下心肌灌注总积分数值以及术后药物不良反应情况。结果(1)两组患者临床特征、入院合并用药情况、冠脉SYNTAXⅡ评分及PTCA治疗情况、平均靶血管狭窄程度、平均球囊直径及长度、PTCA术前的CK-MB、NT-proBNP、hs-CRP、术前静息+负荷心肌17节段分布下心肌灌注总积分数值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)观察组患者术后6、12、18、24 h时CK-MB、NT-proBNP、hs-CRP数值显著低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组患者术后7 d的静息+负荷心肌17节段分布下心肌灌注总积分显著低于对照组(P<0.05),2组患者术后药物不良反应情况差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论药物涂层球囊治疗后的患者中应用腺苷注射液可显著降低术后24 h CK-MB、NT-proBNP、hs-CRP值以及术后7 d的静息+负荷心肌17节段分布下心肌灌注总积分,未增加明显不良反应。

Rotarex机械血栓切除系统联合药物涂层球囊治疗股腘动脉支架内再狭窄

目的探讨Rotarex机械血栓切除联合药物涂层球囊(drug-coated balloon,DCB)扩张治疗股腘动脉硬化闭塞症支架内再狭窄(in-stent restenosis,ISR)的有效性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2020年3月~2022年3月53例下肢动脉硬化闭塞支架植入后再狭窄资料。覆膜支架9例,裸支架44例。均行Rotarex机械血栓切除联合DCB扩张治疗。术后予抗血小板及抗凝治疗。结果53例均下肢动脉再通成功。Rotarex机械血栓切除联合DCB扩张治疗后造影,3例支架内残余血栓,留置溶栓导管溶栓,复查造影显示血流恢复;5例膝下动脉栓塞,其中胫腓干动脉开口处3例,经6F外周血栓抽吸导管吸栓后血流通畅,胫后动脉近段闭塞2例,经球囊扩张后血流通畅。3例残余狭窄>30%,置入补救性支架。术后未出现穿刺点相关并发症,无心脑血管意外或死亡。术前踝肱指数(ankle brachial index,ABI)0.33±0.06,术后出院时0.84±0.07(t=-39.443,P<0.001)。53例均完成3个月随访,52例完成6个月随访,49例完成12个月随访。一期通畅率术后3个月100%(53/53),6个月92%(48/52),12个月84%(41/49)。2例再次出现下肢缺血症状,分别于术后9、10个月行DCB扩张。12个月免于临床驱动的靶血管再干预率为95.9%(47/49)。死亡4例(1例消化道出血,2例新冠肺炎,1例不详),踝关节以远截肢3例。结论Rotarex机械血栓切除系统联合DCB治疗股腘动脉ISR安全有效,通畅率和再干预率满意。

药物涂层球囊治疗冠状动脉局部急性病变的效果及其对炎症反应的影响

目的探究药物涂层球囊(drug-coated balloon,DCB)治疗冠状动脉(冠脉)局部急性病变的效果及其对炎症反应的影响。方法选取入院12 h内行冠脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)的急性心肌梗死患者192例。根据PCI治疗的策略,分为DCB组102例和药物洗脱支架(drug-eluting stent,DES)组90例。观察两组治疗方案在治疗冠脉局部急性病变的效果及其对炎症反应的影响。结果两组患者一般基线资料、病变血管数目、应用DCB/DES尺寸、术前术后心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)血流分级差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。DCB组术后即刻管腔直径和管腔增益劣于DES组(P<0.01),且DCB组术后血管夹层发生率高于DES组(P<0.01)。9个月复查DCB组晚期管腔丢失(late lumen loss,LLL)优于DES组(P<0.01),两组血流储备分数(fractional flow reserve,FFR)相当。患者院外主要不良心血管事件(major adverse cardiac event,MACE)发生和因双联抗血小板引起出血事件差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者相关炎症指标较术前明显降低,且随访时DCB组炎症指标较DES偏低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论DCB治疗冠脉局部急性病变的效果不劣于药物洗脱支架,但药物涂层球囊对局部病变的炎症反应有更好的抑制作用,因此DCB可能有更好的远期预后。

血管减压联合药物涂层球囊对股腘动脉硬化性闭塞症患者早期疗效及其机制分析

目的探讨血管减压联合药物涂层球囊对股腘动脉硬化性闭塞症患者早期疗效及其机制。方法选择2020年1月至2022年5月于合肥市第一人民医院就诊的82例股腘动脉硬化性闭塞症患者为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(n=41,行药物涂层球囊治疗)与观察组(n=41,行血管减压联合药物涂层球囊治疗)。比较两组患者临床疗效、动脉硬化相关指标、血流动力学参数、血小板活化因子水平及并发症发生情况。结果观察组患者总有效率为92.69%(38/41),高于对照组患者的75.61%(31/41),差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。治疗后,两组患者股腘动脉内中膜厚度、脉搏波传导速度均低于本组治疗前,且观察组患者股腘动脉内中膜厚度、脉搏波传导速度均低于对照组患者;治疗后,两组患者踝臂血压指数均高于本组治疗前,且观察组患者踝臂血压指数高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。治疗后,两组患者全血黏度、血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原水平均低于本组治疗前,且观察组患者全血黏度、血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原水平均低于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。治疗后,两组患者可溶性CD40配体、sP选择素均高于对照组患者,且观察组患者可溶性CD40配体、sP选择素均高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。两组患者并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论血管减压联合药物涂层球囊治疗较单独行药物涂层球囊治疗可有效提高股腘动脉硬化性闭塞症患者早期疗效,改善患者动脉硬化相关指标、血流动力学参数,但却在一定程度上导致血小板活化因子水平升高。

药物涂层球囊治疗冠状动脉原位病变后靶血管正性重构的多因素分析

目的:探究影响药物涂层球囊(DCB)治疗冠状动脉原位病变后靶血管正性重构的因素。方法:回顾性分析2019年6月-2021年6月于我院行DCB治疗冠状动脉原位病变并出院后行血管内超声(IVUS)或光学相干断层成像(OCT)复查冠状动脉靶血管情况的130例患者的临床资料。根据冠状动脉靶血管情况,患者被分为正性重构组(57例)和负性重构组(73例),采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响冠状动脉原位病变患者DCB治疗后靶血管正性重构的因素。结果:与负性重构组比较,正性重构组男性(74.0%比89.5%)、使用棘突球囊(31.5%比49.1%)、右冠或后降支左室后支病变(11.0%比28.1%)、年收入>10万元(19.2%比35.1%)、运动频数≥5次/周(6.8%比64.9%)比例、随访期间最小管腔直径[(2.22±0.87)mm比(2.95±0.34)mm]、住院费用[70218.42(51461.18,96114.17)元比91003.74(61930.16,116948.25)元]显著升高,吸烟史(67.1%比38.6%)和睡眠质量差(86.3%比22.8%)比例显著降低,P<0.05或<0.01。多因素Logistic回归分析显示运动频次≥3次/周、睡眠质量好和棘突/切割球囊的使用是此类患者DCB治疗后靶血管正性重构的独立保护因素(OR=0.014~0.097,P均<0.01),而吸烟史是其独立危险因素(OR=3.970,P=0.047)。结论:吸烟史是药物涂层球囊治疗冠状动脉原位病变后靶血管正性重构的独立危险因素,而运动频次≥3次/周、睡眠质量好和棘突/切割球囊的使用是其独立保护因素。

药物涂层球囊与普通球囊扩张术对冠心病支架内再狭窄患者近远期预后的影响

目的探讨分析药物涂层球囊(DCB)与普通球囊扩张术对冠心病支架内再狭窄患者近远期预后的影响。方法筛选商丘市第一人民医院2021年1月至2022年1月收治的120例经介入治疗后冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的冠心病患者,按照随机数字表法将患者分为DCB组和普通组,各60例,DCB组接受药物涂层球囊治疗,普通组接受普通球囊扩张术治疗。比较治疗后两组患者的扩张成功率和心肌标志物[肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌钙蛋白T]、术后即刻最小管腔直径和随访12个月后的晚期管腔丢失、支架内再狭窄发生率、主要心血管不良事件(MACE)发生率(脑卒中、心力衰竭、非致死性心肌梗死)。结果治疗后,DCB组的扩张成功率(95.00%)高于普通组(83.33%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,DCB组CK-MB为(12.86±2.45)U·L^(-1)、肌钙蛋白T为(0.12±0.02)μg·L^(-1),均较普通组的(15.45±2.48)U·L^(-1)、(0.22±0.04)μg·L^(-1)下降明显(P<0.05);DCB组的术后即刻最小管腔直径为(2.45±0.12)mm,相较于普通组的(2.06±0.04)mm更大(P<0.05);经过12个月的随访复查冠脉造影,DCB组的晚期管腔丢失为(0.26±0.04)mm,明显小于普通组的(0.38±0.08)mm(P<0.05);随访12个月后,DCB组的支架内再狭窄发生率(5.00%)低于普通组(16.67%)(P<0.05);DCB组MACE发生率(16.67%)与普通组(33.33%)相比更低(P<0.05)。结论药物涂层球囊治疗冠心病患者冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的临床效果比普通球囊扩张术更好,晚期管腔丢失较少,支架内再狭窄率较低,且MACE发生率也显著降低。