Gingival hyperplasia or gingival overgrowth, which is a common trait of gingival disease, is characterized by an increase in the size of the gingiva. Gingival hyperplasia according to past reports has numerous etiolog...Gingival hyperplasia or gingival overgrowth, which is a common trait of gingival disease, is characterized by an increase in the size of the gingiva. Gingival hyperplasia according to past reports has numerous etiological factors one of which is pregnancy due to increased hormone levels. Although pregnancy does not directly cause gingival hyperplasia, it may catalyze local etiological factors. Objectives: To determine the frequency and clinical aspects of gingival hyperplasia during pregnancy. Methodology: We conducted a cross sectional descriptive study from November 2021 to June 2022 at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire and clinical assessments done using dental consultation kits. Data were analyzed with the International Business Machine Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 21.0 software. Results: We recruited 231 eligible participants for our study. Of 231, 101 (43.7%) had gingival hyperplasia. Most of our study population were between 20 - 40 years old and gingival hyperplasia was most commonly found in the 3<sup>rd</sup> trimester (60.7%). We reported that 31.3% of our population had a plaque score 2 and only 7.8% had consulted a dentist during pregnancy. We also observed that 93.3% of our population manifested a mild/moderate form of the disease while 6.9% had a severe form. Our study showed that 72.3% and 27.3% had a localized and generalized form of the disease, respectively. Conclusion: We concluded that gingival hyperplasia is a common pathology in pregnant women. It is most found in the third trimester. It presents more commonly as a localized form, and degree of severity is mostly moderate.展开更多
Drug-induced gingival overgrowth(DIGO)is a pathological growth of gingival tissue,primarily associated with calcium channel blockers and immunosuppressants.Consequently,it is mainly seen in cardiovascular and transpla...Drug-induced gingival overgrowth(DIGO)is a pathological growth of gingival tissue,primarily associated with calcium channel blockers and immunosuppressants.Consequently,it is mainly seen in cardiovascular and transplanted patients.Nifedipine remains the main calcium channel blocker related to the development of this unpleasant side-effect.As for immunosuppress-ants,cyclosporin is the leading causative agent,whereas other drugs from this druggroup,including tacrolimus,have better safety profiles.Accumulated collagen with inflammatory infiltrates is the histological hallmark of this condition.Several factors are involved in the pathogenesis and can increase the risk,such as male gender,younger age,pre-existing periodontal inflammation,and concomitant use of other DIGO-inducing medications.Patients with DIGO may experience severe discomfort,trouble with speech and mastication,pain,and teeth loss,aside from cosmetic implications.Furthermore,these patients also have an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases.The interdisciplinary approach and cooperation with dental care experts are necessary for patient management.Treatment includes discontinuing the drug and switching to one with a better profile,improving oral hygiene,and surgical removal of enlarged tissue.Recognizing the potential of commonly used medications to cause DIGO and its effect on patients'health is necessary for early detection and adequate management of this complication.展开更多
Gingival enlargement is one of the frequent features of gingival diseases. However due to their varied presentations, the diagnosis of these entities becomes challenging for the clinician. They can be categorized base...Gingival enlargement is one of the frequent features of gingival diseases. However due to their varied presentations, the diagnosis of these entities becomes challenging for the clinician. They can be categorized based on their etiopathogenesis, location, size, extent, etc. Based on the existing knowledge and clinical experience, a differential diagnosis can be formulated. Subsequently, after detailed investigation, clinician makes a final diagnosis or diagnosis of exclusion. A perfect diagnosis is critically important, since the management of these lesions and prevention of their recurrence is completely dependent on it. Furthermore, in some cases where gingival enlargement could be the primary sign of potentially lethal systemic diseases, a correct diagnosis of these enlargements could prove life saving for the patient or at least initiate early treatment and improve the quality of life. The purpose of this review article is to highlight significant findings of different types of gingival enlargement which would help clinician to differentiate between them. A detailed decision tree is also designed for the practitioners, which will help them arrive at a diagnosis in a systematic manner. There still could be some lesions which may present in an unusual manner and make the diagnosis challenging. By knowing the existence of common and rare presentations of gingival enlargement, one can keep a broad view when formulating a differential diagnosis of localized(isolated, discrete, regional) or generalized gingival enlargement.展开更多
Objective：To investigate the effect of nifedipine（calciumchannel blocker） on the expression of collagen in gingival fibroblasts invitro. Methods：Primarily gingival fibroblasts were cultured and incubated with vari...Objective：To investigate the effect of nifedipine（calciumchannel blocker） on the expression of collagen in gingival fibroblasts invitro. Methods：Primarily gingival fibroblasts were cultured and incubated with various concentrations of nifedipine（108 μg/L, 360 μg/L and 1200 μg/L）for 5 days. Gingival fibroblasts were primarily cultured derived from nifedipine responders and nonresponders in the presence of 360 μg/L nifedipine. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the amount of type I collagen. Cell proliferation was measured by cell counting with evaluating MTT value. Results：The expressions of collagen and cell proliferation were significantly different among the high concentration groups and the others on the fifth day, especially higher in 360 μg/L and 1200 μg/L groups and also different among nifedipine responders and non-responders. Conclusion：The expression of collagen and cell proliferation may be concerned with the biological mechanism for gingival overgrowth.展开更多
Objective\ To ascertain the histological characteristics of hereditary gingival fibromatosis and the location of HGF gene. Methods\ A pedigree analysis of HGF was made. The ultrastructure of gingival overgrown tissue ...Objective\ To ascertain the histological characteristics of hereditary gingival fibromatosis and the location of HGF gene. Methods\ A pedigree analysis of HGF was made. The ultrastructure of gingival overgrown tissue was observed by electron microscopy (EMS) and the location of the HGF gene defined with microsatellite markers. Results\ The HGF consisted of coarse collagen bundles and fibrocytes, epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, etc. were abnormally arranged; the HGF locus had been mapped to chromosome 5q13 q22. Conclusion\ The gingival pathological changes resemble 'hamartoma' and the findings have implications for identification of the underlying genetic basis of HGF.展开更多
目的分析服用环孢素A(CsA)的肾移植患者相关临床因素与牙龈增生(GO)程度的关系,初步探讨血清亲环素(CyPA)浓度与CsA诱导的牙龈增生(CUGO)的关系。方法本研究以65例用CsA为主要免疫抑制剂抗排斥患者为研究对象,经牙龈增生指数(GOI)评价...目的分析服用环孢素A(CsA)的肾移植患者相关临床因素与牙龈增生(GO)程度的关系,初步探讨血清亲环素(CyPA)浓度与CsA诱导的牙龈增生(CUGO)的关系。方法本研究以65例用CsA为主要免疫抑制剂抗排斥患者为研究对象,经牙龈增生指数(GOI)评价后将患者分为牙龈增生组(GO^+)和牙龈无增生组(GO)。比较两组患者年龄、性别、服药时间、服药剂量、血清CsA和CyPA服药浓度、尿素、肌酐、牙龈评价之间的差异,观察血清CyPA浓度与CIGO发生及严重程度的关系。结果 GO(GOI≥30)发生率为21.54%(14/65)。GO^+组和GO^-组间年龄、性别、服药时间、尿素、肌酐、服药剂量和血清CsA浓度差异均无统计学意义。GO^+组血清CyPA浓度低于GO^-组[0.23(0.16～0.30)ng/mL vs 0.34(0.22～0.54)ng/mL,P=0.04)];血清CyPA浓度与GO严重程度呈负相关(r=-0.264,P=0.03),但与CsA服药剂量和其血清浓度无关(r=-0.014,P=0.91;r=0.012,P=0.9 3);牙龈评价结果:GO^+组的菌斑指数和龈乳头出血指数均高于GO^-组(1.41±0.27 vs 1.15±0.34,P=0.01;0.49±0.30 vs 0.25±0.11,P=0.01)。结论 CIGO的发生可能是局部因素与系统因素共同作用的结果;血清CyPA浓度可能是独立于CsA服药剂量和血药浓度之外的CIGO风险因素,对其进行检测有助于临床医师预判GO的发生。展开更多
文摘Gingival hyperplasia or gingival overgrowth, which is a common trait of gingival disease, is characterized by an increase in the size of the gingiva. Gingival hyperplasia according to past reports has numerous etiological factors one of which is pregnancy due to increased hormone levels. Although pregnancy does not directly cause gingival hyperplasia, it may catalyze local etiological factors. Objectives: To determine the frequency and clinical aspects of gingival hyperplasia during pregnancy. Methodology: We conducted a cross sectional descriptive study from November 2021 to June 2022 at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire and clinical assessments done using dental consultation kits. Data were analyzed with the International Business Machine Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS) version 21.0 software. Results: We recruited 231 eligible participants for our study. Of 231, 101 (43.7%) had gingival hyperplasia. Most of our study population were between 20 - 40 years old and gingival hyperplasia was most commonly found in the 3<sup>rd</sup> trimester (60.7%). We reported that 31.3% of our population had a plaque score 2 and only 7.8% had consulted a dentist during pregnancy. We also observed that 93.3% of our population manifested a mild/moderate form of the disease while 6.9% had a severe form. Our study showed that 72.3% and 27.3% had a localized and generalized form of the disease, respectively. Conclusion: We concluded that gingival hyperplasia is a common pathology in pregnant women. It is most found in the third trimester. It presents more commonly as a localized form, and degree of severity is mostly moderate.
文摘Drug-induced gingival overgrowth(DIGO)is a pathological growth of gingival tissue,primarily associated with calcium channel blockers and immunosuppressants.Consequently,it is mainly seen in cardiovascular and transplanted patients.Nifedipine remains the main calcium channel blocker related to the development of this unpleasant side-effect.As for immunosuppress-ants,cyclosporin is the leading causative agent,whereas other drugs from this druggroup,including tacrolimus,have better safety profiles.Accumulated collagen with inflammatory infiltrates is the histological hallmark of this condition.Several factors are involved in the pathogenesis and can increase the risk,such as male gender,younger age,pre-existing periodontal inflammation,and concomitant use of other DIGO-inducing medications.Patients with DIGO may experience severe discomfort,trouble with speech and mastication,pain,and teeth loss,aside from cosmetic implications.Furthermore,these patients also have an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases.The interdisciplinary approach and cooperation with dental care experts are necessary for patient management.Treatment includes discontinuing the drug and switching to one with a better profile,improving oral hygiene,and surgical removal of enlarged tissue.Recognizing the potential of commonly used medications to cause DIGO and its effect on patients'health is necessary for early detection and adequate management of this complication.
文摘Gingival enlargement is one of the frequent features of gingival diseases. However due to their varied presentations, the diagnosis of these entities becomes challenging for the clinician. They can be categorized based on their etiopathogenesis, location, size, extent, etc. Based on the existing knowledge and clinical experience, a differential diagnosis can be formulated. Subsequently, after detailed investigation, clinician makes a final diagnosis or diagnosis of exclusion. A perfect diagnosis is critically important, since the management of these lesions and prevention of their recurrence is completely dependent on it. Furthermore, in some cases where gingival enlargement could be the primary sign of potentially lethal systemic diseases, a correct diagnosis of these enlargements could prove life saving for the patient or at least initiate early treatment and improve the quality of life. The purpose of this review article is to highlight significant findings of different types of gingival enlargement which would help clinician to differentiate between them. A detailed decision tree is also designed for the practitioners, which will help them arrive at a diagnosis in a systematic manner. There still could be some lesions which may present in an unusual manner and make the diagnosis challenging. By knowing the existence of common and rare presentations of gingival enlargement, one can keep a broad view when formulating a differential diagnosis of localized(isolated, discrete, regional) or generalized gingival enlargement.
基金suppored by the Natural Science Foundation of the Department of Education of Jiangsu(BK2006172)
文摘Objective：To investigate the effect of nifedipine（calciumchannel blocker） on the expression of collagen in gingival fibroblasts invitro. Methods：Primarily gingival fibroblasts were cultured and incubated with various concentrations of nifedipine（108 μg/L, 360 μg/L and 1200 μg/L）for 5 days. Gingival fibroblasts were primarily cultured derived from nifedipine responders and nonresponders in the presence of 360 μg/L nifedipine. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the amount of type I collagen. Cell proliferation was measured by cell counting with evaluating MTT value. Results：The expressions of collagen and cell proliferation were significantly different among the high concentration groups and the others on the fifth day, especially higher in 360 μg/L and 1200 μg/L groups and also different among nifedipine responders and non-responders. Conclusion：The expression of collagen and cell proliferation may be concerned with the biological mechanism for gingival overgrowth.
文摘Objective\ To ascertain the histological characteristics of hereditary gingival fibromatosis and the location of HGF gene. Methods\ A pedigree analysis of HGF was made. The ultrastructure of gingival overgrown tissue was observed by electron microscopy (EMS) and the location of the HGF gene defined with microsatellite markers. Results\ The HGF consisted of coarse collagen bundles and fibrocytes, epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, etc. were abnormally arranged; the HGF locus had been mapped to chromosome 5q13 q22. Conclusion\ The gingival pathological changes resemble 'hamartoma' and the findings have implications for identification of the underlying genetic basis of HGF.
文摘目的分析服用环孢素A(CsA)的肾移植患者相关临床因素与牙龈增生(GO)程度的关系,初步探讨血清亲环素(CyPA)浓度与CsA诱导的牙龈增生(CUGO)的关系。方法本研究以65例用CsA为主要免疫抑制剂抗排斥患者为研究对象,经牙龈增生指数(GOI)评价后将患者分为牙龈增生组(GO^+)和牙龈无增生组(GO)。比较两组患者年龄、性别、服药时间、服药剂量、血清CsA和CyPA服药浓度、尿素、肌酐、牙龈评价之间的差异,观察血清CyPA浓度与CIGO发生及严重程度的关系。结果 GO(GOI≥30)发生率为21.54%(14/65)。GO^+组和GO^-组间年龄、性别、服药时间、尿素、肌酐、服药剂量和血清CsA浓度差异均无统计学意义。GO^+组血清CyPA浓度低于GO^-组[0.23(0.16～0.30)ng/mL vs 0.34(0.22～0.54)ng/mL,P=0.04)];血清CyPA浓度与GO严重程度呈负相关(r=-0.264,P=0.03),但与CsA服药剂量和其血清浓度无关(r=-0.014,P=0.91;r=0.012,P=0.9 3);牙龈评价结果:GO^+组的菌斑指数和龈乳头出血指数均高于GO^-组(1.41±0.27 vs 1.15±0.34,P=0.01;0.49±0.30 vs 0.25±0.11,P=0.01)。结论 CIGO的发生可能是局部因素与系统因素共同作用的结果;血清CyPA浓度可能是独立于CsA服药剂量和血药浓度之外的CIGO风险因素,对其进行检测有助于临床医师预判GO的发生。
