Similar to other areas of Pakistan, land resources in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KP) is kept under various ownership regimes for socio-economic and ecological benefits. For the last three to four decades, communal lands and r...Similar to other areas of Pakistan, land resources in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KP) is kept under various ownership regimes for socio-economic and ecological benefits. For the last three to four decades, communal lands and resources are subjected to high rate of degradation and deterioration, which is leading to multifarious socio-economical and ecological implications. This paper intends to look into factors that are responsible for the degradation of communal land and the adaptability of the management mechanisms developed by the local inhabitants to conserve these resources. Moreover, this study also explores the sustainability of these adopted strategies in present circumstances. Data regarding socio-economic parameters of the inhabitants and their interactions with communal lands were collected through questionnaire cum interview method. As long-term climatic data for the area do not exist therefore focus group discussions were conducted to document the changing trend in rainfall regimes and temperature variations for the last about four decades. Results indicate that communal lands are highly vulnerable to degradation due to biophysical and anthropogenic factors. Local inhabitants have developed suitable measures to control the situation, however, accelerated socioeconomic transformations in the area have weakened the role of local institutions and that led to further degradation of these resources. Nevertheless, a number of locally formulated rules have been revived and implemented and it is hoped that these threatened resources would be conserved.展开更多
Addressing major problems faced by dry land agro technology development and based on a summarization of existing domestic dry land agro tech and overseas dry land agro tech development trend, this paper proposes a dir...Addressing major problems faced by dry land agro technology development and based on a summarization of existing domestic dry land agro tech and overseas dry land agro tech development trend, this paper proposes a direction and technological option for China’s dry land agro tech development and also puts forward research priorities in the future.展开更多
Six leaf traits,i.e.,fresh mass(FM),dry mass(DM),leaf dry matter content(DMC),area(AR),specific leaf area(SLA)and thickness(TH)from 23 plant species in the southeastern Keerqin Sandy Lands,China were measured.The resu...Six leaf traits,i.e.,fresh mass(FM),dry mass(DM),leaf dry matter content(DMC),area(AR),specific leaf area(SLA)and thickness(TH)from 23 plant species in the southeastern Keerqin Sandy Lands,China were measured.The results show that leaf traits of herbs were more diversified than those of shrubs and trees and aver-age SLA tended towards a decreasing trend from herbs to shrubs to trees.On the contrary,DMC and DM show an upward trend from herbs to shrubs to trees.No apparent difference was found in TH.Except for DM and TH,there were significant variations in SLA and DMC among three different growth forms.Moreover,a significant correlation was found between SLA and DMC.It is concluded that SLA and DMC could be used to predict species position along a resource use gradient.展开更多
文摘Similar to other areas of Pakistan, land resources in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KP) is kept under various ownership regimes for socio-economic and ecological benefits. For the last three to four decades, communal lands and resources are subjected to high rate of degradation and deterioration, which is leading to multifarious socio-economical and ecological implications. This paper intends to look into factors that are responsible for the degradation of communal land and the adaptability of the management mechanisms developed by the local inhabitants to conserve these resources. Moreover, this study also explores the sustainability of these adopted strategies in present circumstances. Data regarding socio-economic parameters of the inhabitants and their interactions with communal lands were collected through questionnaire cum interview method. As long-term climatic data for the area do not exist therefore focus group discussions were conducted to document the changing trend in rainfall regimes and temperature variations for the last about four decades. Results indicate that communal lands are highly vulnerable to degradation due to biophysical and anthropogenic factors. Local inhabitants have developed suitable measures to control the situation, however, accelerated socioeconomic transformations in the area have weakened the role of local institutions and that led to further degradation of these resources. Nevertheless, a number of locally formulated rules have been revived and implemented and it is hoped that these threatened resources would be conserved.
文摘Addressing major problems faced by dry land agro technology development and based on a summarization of existing domestic dry land agro tech and overseas dry land agro tech development trend, this paper proposes a direction and technological option for China’s dry land agro tech development and also puts forward research priorities in the future.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Science&Technology Supporting Program of China(No.2006BAD26B0201-1,No.2006BAC01A12)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30471377)Korea Science and Engineering Foundation.We acknowledge Zhanyuan Yu,Bin Deng,Dongzhou Deng for their helps in sampling,and Heming Lin,Guiyan Ai for chemical analysis of samples。
文摘Six leaf traits,i.e.,fresh mass(FM),dry mass(DM),leaf dry matter content(DMC),area(AR),specific leaf area(SLA)and thickness(TH)from 23 plant species in the southeastern Keerqin Sandy Lands,China were measured.The results show that leaf traits of herbs were more diversified than those of shrubs and trees and aver-age SLA tended towards a decreasing trend from herbs to shrubs to trees.On the contrary,DMC and DM show an upward trend from herbs to shrubs to trees.No apparent difference was found in TH.Except for DM and TH,there were significant variations in SLA and DMC among three different growth forms.Moreover,a significant correlation was found between SLA and DMC.It is concluded that SLA and DMC could be used to predict species position along a resource use gradient.
