Performances of a new sustainable and durable dry beam-column joints under cyclic and impact loads

This study investigated the performances of a new type of precast beam-column joint subjected to earthquake and impact loads.For sustainability and durability considerations,new materials such as corrosion-resistant fibre reinforced polymer(FRP)bolts and reinforcements,fibre reinforced concrete(FRC),and geopolymer concrete(GPC)were used to construct the joint.To examine the resilience,durability,sustainability,and multi-hazard resistance capacities,both cyclic and pendulum impact tests were carried out.The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed precast joints had the comparable or even better performances as compared with the traditional monolithic joints under cyclic and impact loads.Numerical simulations using ABAQUS were also adopted to determine the optimal values of the concrete-end-plate(CEP)thickness for the proposed dry joints and to further quantify other response parameters which could not be obtained during the test,e.g.,stress distribution,energy absorption,and stress contours.Discussion on the influences of various parameters on joint performances under different loading conditions was also presented in this study.

Pushover analysis of reinforced concrete frames considering shear failure at beam-column joints

Since most current seismic capacity evaluations of reinforced concrete （RC） frame structures are implemented by either static pushover analysis （PA） or dynamic time history analysis, with diverse settings of the plastic hinges （PHs） on such main structural components as columns, beams and walls, the complex behavior of shear failure at beam-column joints （BCJs） during major earthquakes is commonly neglected. This study proposes new nonlinear PA procedures that consider shear failure at BCJs and seek to assess the actual damage to RC structures. Based on the specifications of FEMA-356, a simplified joint model composed of two nonlinear cross struts placed diagonally over the location of the plastic hinge is established, allowing a sophisticated PA to be performed. To verify the validity of this method, the analytical results for the capacity curves and the failure mechanism derived from three different full-size RC frames are compared with the experimental measurements. By considering shear failure at BCJs, the proposed nonlinear analytical procedures can be used to estimate the structural behavior of RC frames, including seismic capacity and the progressive failure sequence of joints, in a precise and effective manner.

A comparative study on water and dry coupling in photoacoustic tomography of the finger joints

We present a systematical study on comparison between water and dry coupling in photoacoustic tomography of the humanfinger joints.Compared to the direct water immersion of thefinger for water coupling,the dry coupling is realized through a transparent PDMSfilm-based water bag,which ensures water-free contact with the skin.The results obtained suggest that the dry cou-pling provides image quality comparable to that by water coupling while eliminating the wrin-kling of thefinger joint caused by the water immersion.In addition,the dry coupling offers more stable hemodynamic images than the water coupling as the water immersion of thefinger joint causes reduction in blood vessel size.

Seismic Behaviour of Beam-Column Joints of Precast and Partial Steel Reinforced Concrete

A beam-column joint of precast and partial steel reinforced concrete( PPSRC) is proposed for precast reinforced concrete frames. The PPSRC consists of partial steel and reinforced concrete. The partial steel is located in the core joint region and the connections between concrete members. This paper presents an experimental study of a series of PPSRC specimens. These specimens are tested under low cyclic loading.Experimental results demonstrate that the bearing capacity of the PPSRC specimens is 3 times that of the ordinary reinforced concrete( RC) beam-column joints. The strength and stiffness degradation rates are slower compared with that of the RC beam-column joints. In addition,the strength of the core joint region and the connections is higher than other parts of the PPSRC specimens. Beam failure occurs firstly for the PPSRC specimens,followed by column failure and connections failure. The failure of the core joint region occurs finally.Test results show that the seismic performance of the PPSRC is better than that of the ordinary RC beam-column joints.

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) for the Beam-Column Joint Subjected to Cyclic Loading Was Performed Using ANSYS

This paper analyses the seismic performance of exterior beam-column joints strengthened with unconventional reinforcement detailing. The beam-column joint specimens were tested with reverse cyclic loading applied at the beam end. The samples were divided into two groups based on the joint reinforcement detailing. The first group (Group A) of three non-ductility specimens had joint detailing in accordance with the construction code of practice in India IS456-2000, and the second group (Group B) of three ductility specimens had joint reinforcement detailed as per IS13920-1993, with similar axial load cases as the first group. The experimental studies are proven with the analytical studies carried out by finite element models using ANSYS. The results show that the hysteresis simulation is satisfactory for both un-strengthened and ferrocement strengthened specimens. Furthermore, when ferrocement strengthening is employed, the strengthened beam-column joints exhibit better structural performance than the un-strengthened specimens of about 31.56% and 38.98 for DD-T1 and DD-T2 respectively. The analytical shear strength predictions were in line with the test results reported in the literature, thus adding confidence to the validity of the proposed models.

基于转动摩擦铰阻尼器的干式装配梁-柱节点抗震性能试验

基于转动摩擦铰阻尼器(RFHD),提出了转动摩擦耗能干式装配梁-柱节点(DRFDBJ)。为了验证DRFDBJ结构对于实现预期力学性能的可行性和合理性,以施加在摩擦片表面的螺栓预紧力(P_(c))为变量,开展了2个工况下的DRFDBJ试件低周往复拟静力试验研究。结果表明:DRFDBJ结构的力学性能主要由RFHD提供并控制,试验中节点呈现了稳定的承载力和理想的变形、耗能能力,并实现了预期的损伤集中;2个不同P_(c)水准下节点承载力的试验值与理论值误差不超过5%,通过调整P_(c)可实现节点承载力的调控,为DRFDBJ结构承载力的可调控提供了支撑。

双阶受力干式装配梁-柱节点抗震性能试验研究

研究提出了一种双阶受力干式装配梁-柱节点(DADBJ)。该节点的关键组件是摩擦铰(RFH)和预设缝防屈曲钢板(SBRSP),具备2个受力工作阶段和损伤集中易修复的特性。为了验证DADBJ构造的合理性,揭示其双阶段受力工作机理,设计加工了DADBJ试件,以SBRSP的预设缝隙宽度作为试验变量,进行了2个工况的低周往复拟静力试验。结果表明:提出的DADBJ构造实现了预期的双阶段受力特性,第一阶段由RFH提供节点的力学性能,第二阶段由RFH和SBRSP共同提供节点的力学性能;DADBJ的损伤集中于芯板,通过更换SBRSP芯板对节点快速修复,节点的性能可恢复到初始状态;SBRSP的预设缝隙宽度可直接决定DADBJ第二阶段的启动位移;提出的DADBJ双阶屈服荷载理论公式和二阶启动位移理论公式精确度好。该研究可为装配式框架结构和多阶受力型结构的设计和研究提供参考。

Seismic performance of steel reinforced ultra high-strength concrete composite frame joints

To investigate the seismic performance of a composite frame comprised of steel reinforced ultra high-strength concrete （SRUHSC） columns and steel reinforced concrete （SRC） beams, six interior frame joint specimens were designed and tested under low cyclically lateral load. The effects of the axial load ratio and volumetric stirrup ratio were studied on the characteristics of the frame joint performance including crack pattern, failure mode, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, strength degradation and rigidity degradation. It was found that all joint specimens behaved in a ductile manner with flexural-shear failure in the joint core region while plastic hinges appeared at the beam ends. The ductility and energy absorption capacity of joints increased as the axial load ratio decreased and the volumetric stirIup ratio increased. The displacement ductility coefficient and equivalent damping coefficient of the joints fell between the corresponding coefficients of the steel reinforced concrete （SRC） frame joint and RC frame joint. The axial load ratio and volumetric stirrup ratio have less influence on the strength degradation and more influence on the stiffness degradation. The stiffness of the joint degrades more significantly for a low volumetric stirrup ratio and high axial load ratio. The characteristics obtained from the SRUHSC composite frame joint specimens with better seismic performance may be a useful reference in future engineering applications.

Seismic performance and global ductility of RC frames rehabilitated with retrofi tted joints by CFRP laminates

This paper presents a new FRP retrofi tting scheme to strengthen local beam-column joints in reinforced concrete(RC) frames.The new retrofi tting scheme was proposed following a preliminary study of four different existing retrofi tting schemes.A numerical simulation was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of FRP-strengthened reinforced concrete frames by bridging behavior of local joints to the whole structure.Local confi nement effects due to varying retrofi tting schemes in the joints were simulated in the frame model.The seismic behavior factor was used to evaluate the seismic performance of the strengthened RC frames.The results demonstrated that the new proposed retrofi tting scheme was robust and promising,and fi nite element analysis appropriately captured the strength and global ductility of the frame due to upgrading of the local joints.

Study on Strengthening of RC Beam Column Joint Using Hybrid FRP Composites

Beam-Column joints are critical zones in reinforced concrete structures which are most vulnerable to earthquake forces. Hence strengthening beam-column joint is vital to save the structure and its inhabitants in case of seismic forces. Numerous retrofitting works using fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are being undertaken worldwide. This work aims to investigate the effectiveness of strengthening beam-column joints using natural and artificial fibres. In this study, basalt (natural fibres) as monolithic composite (BFRP) and as hybrid composite along with glass (artificial fibres) were used for strengthening of beam-column joints. Totally six specimens were prepared and tested under monotonic loading. Specimen details used were: two control specimen, two specimens for monolithic wrapping and remaining two specimens for hybrid wrapping. The test results were compared with control and rehabilitated specimens. The performance of the treated joints was studied using the following parameters: initial and ultimate cracking loads, energy absorption, deflection ductility and stiffness at ultimate. From the test results, it was found that the hybrid combination of Basalt and Glass FRPs were found to be more effective in the treatment of beam-column joints. The strong column weak beam concept was achieved by failure in beam portion which helped in preventing the catastrophic failure of the entire structure.

Seepage Mitigation in Hydropower Dams by Optimization in Roller Compacted Concrete Interlayer (Monoliths) Joint Bonding Technology

Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) has gained favorable recognition in hydropower and water resource dam construction. With optimization in construction technology and materials used for RCC Dams, cost is no longer a major disadvantage as compared to environmental impact, that is, wildlife habitat disruption. In as much as it has become optimal for investment in hydropower dam construction, the scourge for dam failure is still eminent, which is as a result of excessive seepage compromising the integrity of the mechanical properties of the dam. The aim of the paper is to highlight successful application methods in joint bonding to avoid excessive seepage and reduce the autogenous healing to a few years of operation. In view of optimization, this paper presents a comprehensive study on the influences of interlayer joints bonding quality from RCC mix performances and how it consolidates the RCC layers to withstand the shear strength along the interface, especially on the high dams. The case study is the RCC dam at the 750 MW Kafue Gorge Lower Hydropower Station. The scope of the study reviews the joint type judged by Modified Maturity Factor (MMF) with joint surface long time exposed in regions with dry and high temperature, technical measures of layer bonding quality control under condition of long time joint surface exposure, effects of joints shear strength and impermeability of the RCC layers when under the conditions of plastic and elasticity. The subtle observations made during the dam construction phases were with respect to the optimal use of materials in relation to RCC mix designs and the basis for equipment calibration for monitoring important data that can be referenced during analysis of shear forces acting on the RCC dam over time.

混合干法框架梁柱节点的力学性能参数分析

为研究混合干法框架梁柱节点在静力荷载下的力学性能,文中利用ABAQUS软件,采用控制变量法,共建立了2组有限元模型共20个,对可能影响节点力学性能的几个因素展开大量的非线性有限元分析,研究顶底角钢厚度、连接处摩擦系数2个参数对混合干法框架梁柱节点力学性能的影响。结果表明,有限元计算结果与试验数据较为吻合。节点的初始刚度和抗弯承载力与顶底角钢的厚度变化相关,在一定范围内会随着角钢厚度的增加而显著增长;随着摩擦系数的增加,初始刚度和节点屈服抗弯承载力均呈线性增长。

干接缝节段拼装桥墩抗震分析的纤维模型模拟方法

针对节段拼装桥墩的构造特点,对节段拼装桥墩涉及到的接缝,有粘结预应力钢筋,无粘结预应力钢筋,耗能钢筋等特殊问题进行了仔细的分析比较,在此基础上给出了适宜的模拟方法,然后分别对拟静力试件和振动台试件进行了非线性有限元分析,比较了纤维模型分析结果与试验结果的异同。与试验结果的比较表明:纤维模型分析方法是分析节段拼装桥墩抗震性能的有效近似分析方法。

同种异体冻干下颌骨移植修复下颌骨缺损的临床应用

目的 :探讨同种异体冻干下颌骨移植修复下颌骨缺损的可行性 ,并讨论其抗原性、生物力学特性、骨愈合机制及优缺点。方法 :对进行同种异体冻干下颌骨移植修复下颌骨大节段肿瘤切除后缺损和颞下颌关节移植置换的 7例患者进行随访研究 ,根据临床检查及X线片对手术效果进行评估。结果 :手术切口均一期愈合 ,未发生排斥反应及骨折现象 ,移植骨愈合良好 ,外形及功能恢复满意。结论

屈曲约束支撑钢筋混凝土框架结构干式柔性梁柱节点的试验研究

建议了一种由受弯框架与采用梁柱柔性节点的屈曲约束支撑框架并联组成的装配式混凝土双重抗侧力体系,设计并完成了4个装配式梁柱节点试件和1个现浇节点试件的往复加载试验。研究了混凝土楼板、螺栓孔形式等因素对该柔性节点受力性能和破坏模态的影响,并与现浇试件进行了对比。试验结果表明:混凝土楼板对柔性节点刚度及承载力有很大的影响,在设计时不可忽略;螺栓孔形式在结构位移较小时对节点的受力性能没有影响,但当结构位移较大时会影响节点的破坏模式;与现浇节点相比,装配式柔性节点具有很大的变形能力。

预制装配整体式混凝土结构梁柱节点技术

预制装配整体式混凝土结构是工业化生产的建筑结构,与传统现浇结构相比具有建造周期短、节约劳动力和环境效益好等优点。本文指出了节点技术的不完善是制约我国预制装配整体式混凝土结构发展的重要因素,简要阐述了其梁柱节点的构造方式,重点描述了现浇连接和干连接两类连接方式及其特点,介绍了其受力性能,分析了其各自的缺陷。最后提出了预制装配整体式混凝土结构梁柱节点技术的发展趋势及巨大潜力。

预制装配式混凝土结构梁柱节点连接方式探讨

总结了装配式混凝土结构梁柱节点的不同连接方式,并分析了各梁柱节点连接方式的具体设计,以及其优缺点和研究、运用的现状。

RCS混合干法框架梁柱节点试验研究

基于梁柱顶底角钢连接节点的良好耗能能力特点,提出了一种由顶底角钢连接的预制钢筋混凝土柱与型钢梁干法连接的梁柱节点连接形式。以梁柱边节点为研究对象,针对两组6个节点分别开展了单调静力加载及循环加载试验研究,探讨分析了该类型节点的抗弯性能、抗震性能以及相应的破坏模式。单调静力加载试验结果表明,梁高的增加不但会延迟螺栓滑移,还会提高节点的初始转动刚度和节点的抗弯承载力;梁端螺栓排数的提高不仅会增加节点的抗弯承载力,在一定程度上还避免了滑移现象的产生。循环加载试验考察了各个试件的滞回曲线、耗能、刚度、延性。结果表明,RCS混合干法框架梁柱节点是一种典型的半刚性连接节点,与现有的现浇钢筋混凝土梁柱节点相比具有更好的耗能能力和延性。

脲醛树脂在水曲柳刨切薄木湿贴工艺中的应用

扼要介绍了湿法棉秆中密度纤维板基材表面用以脲醛树脂为主要成分的混合胶,湿贴厚度为0.25mm和0.4mm水曲柳刨切薄木的工艺,并对基材、胶粘剂、贴面材、胶贴工艺等诸多因素优化研究,比较有效地解决了透胶和脱胶等问题,制得质量合格而又有明显经济效益和使用价值的棉秆中密度纤维板薄本装饰板。研究结果表明,湿贴工艺中采用以脲醛树脂为主要组分的混合胶是可行的,胶贴质量达到日本农林省JAS标准“装饰合板”中规定的指标。

装配式混凝土框架梁柱节点研究动态和展望

在日益关注的建筑工业化结构体系中,装配式混凝土框架结构是国内外应用最广泛、研究最多的体系之一,而保证框架结构整体工作性能的核心就在于梁柱节点。梁-柱之间节点的连接既是装配式混凝土框架结构的关键传力区域,又是薄弱部位。为改善装配式框架结构工作性能,以框架结构梁柱节点为研究对象,分别对干连接、湿连接以及混合式等节点连接形式与构造方式的国外内研究动态进行分析,探讨梁柱节点的新型连接技术,并收集和比较了中国、美国、欧洲等国内外框架节点相关的技术标准,从而提出尚需进一步研究的关键问题和框架结构节点将来发展方向,拟为推动装配式混凝土框架结构的发展和应用提供部分依据。