Natural foods,such as whole pulses,are recommended in the dietary guidelines of the US and China.The plant cell wall structure in whole pulses has important implications for the nutritional functionalities of starch.I...Natural foods,such as whole pulses,are recommended in the dietary guidelines of the US and China.The plant cell wall structure in whole pulses has important implications for the nutritional functionalities of starch.In this study,garbanzo bean cells with varying degrees of cell wall integrity were subjected to dry heat treatment(DHT)and used to elucidate the food structure-starch digestion properties of pulse food.The morphological features suggested that all cell samples do not exhibit remarkable changes after being subjected to DHT.Molecular rearrangement and the crystallite disruption of starch granules entrapped in cells occurred during DHT as assessed by the crystal structure and thermal properties.DHT decreased the inhibitory effects of enzymes of both the soluble and insoluble components,but the digestion rate and extent of slightly and highly damaged cell samples did not exhibit significant differences compared with their native counterparts.We concluded that the starch digestion of pulse cotyledon cells is primarily determined by the intactness of the cellular structure.This study reveals the role of food structure on the ability to retain the desirable nutritional properties of starch after subjection to physical modification.展开更多
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling seed dormancy in rice were identified usingrecombinant inbred lines (RILs) population derived from the cross between a japonicavariety Kinmaze and an indica variety DV85. Seed...Quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling seed dormancy in rice were identified usingrecombinant inbred lines (RILs) population derived from the cross between a japonicavariety Kinmaze and an indica variety DV85. Seeds of two parental cultivars and each RILwere harvested in 35d after heading. The germination percentage of these seeds at 30℃for 7 days were measured as the degree of seed dormancy. QTL analysis was performed withWindows QTL Cartographer 1.13a program by composite interval mapping. A total of four QTLfor seed dormancy were detected on chromosome 2 (two regions), 5 and 11, respectively.Phenotypic variation explained by each QTL ranged from 8.37 to 17.40%. Responses of suchloci to a dormancy-breaking treatment with dry heat were further detected. The resultsshowed that two alleles of qDOR-2-1 and qDOR-5 from DV85 as well as the allele of qDOR-11 from Kinmaze increased the seed dormancy, which seemed to be easily broken by dry heattreatment. Such loci of seed dormancy may be applied to rice genetic improvement. Theallele of qDOR-2-2 from DV85 increased the seed dormancy, which could not be broken bydry heat treatment.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701546)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(2019ZD40)+5 种基金the 111 Project(B17018)for financial supportPearl River Talent Recruitment Program of Guangdong Province(2017GC010229)the Pearl River Nova Program of Guangzhou(201906010079)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001691)the special fund for scientific innovation strategyconstruction of high-level academy of agriculture science(R2019YJYB1001)the Application-oriented Projects of Guangdong Province(2017B020232002)。
文摘Natural foods,such as whole pulses,are recommended in the dietary guidelines of the US and China.The plant cell wall structure in whole pulses has important implications for the nutritional functionalities of starch.In this study,garbanzo bean cells with varying degrees of cell wall integrity were subjected to dry heat treatment(DHT)and used to elucidate the food structure-starch digestion properties of pulse food.The morphological features suggested that all cell samples do not exhibit remarkable changes after being subjected to DHT.Molecular rearrangement and the crystallite disruption of starch granules entrapped in cells occurred during DHT as assessed by the crystal structure and thermal properties.DHT decreased the inhibitory effects of enzymes of both the soluble and insoluble components,but the digestion rate and extent of slightly and highly damaged cell samples did not exhibit significant differences compared with their native counterparts.We concluded that the starch digestion of pulse cotyledon cells is primarily determined by the intactness of the cellular structure.This study reveals the role of food structure on the ability to retain the desirable nutritional properties of starch after subjection to physical modification.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK2003415)Jiangsu Province Tackle Key Problem Foundation(BE2001305).
文摘Quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling seed dormancy in rice were identified usingrecombinant inbred lines (RILs) population derived from the cross between a japonicavariety Kinmaze and an indica variety DV85. Seeds of two parental cultivars and each RILwere harvested in 35d after heading. The germination percentage of these seeds at 30℃for 7 days were measured as the degree of seed dormancy. QTL analysis was performed withWindows QTL Cartographer 1.13a program by composite interval mapping. A total of four QTLfor seed dormancy were detected on chromosome 2 (two regions), 5 and 11, respectively.Phenotypic variation explained by each QTL ranged from 8.37 to 17.40%. Responses of suchloci to a dormancy-breaking treatment with dry heat were further detected. The resultsshowed that two alleles of qDOR-2-1 and qDOR-5 from DV85 as well as the allele of qDOR-11 from Kinmaze increased the seed dormancy, which seemed to be easily broken by dry heattreatment. Such loci of seed dormancy may be applied to rice genetic improvement. Theallele of qDOR-2-2 from DV85 increased the seed dormancy, which could not be broken bydry heat treatment.
