Innovative pre-concentration technology for recovering ultrafine ilmenite using superconducting high gradient magnetic separator

To achieve the utilization of the abandoned ultrafine ilmenite(-20 μm) produced in the titanium magnetite processing plant in Panzhihua,the superconducting high-gradient magnetic separation(SMS) technology was proposed in this study.After optimizing the conditions of magnetic intensity,feeding and pulsation,an SMS concentrate with TiO_(2) grade of 16.03% and TiO_(2) recovery of 66.39% was obtained through one roughing-one cleaning pre-concentration flowsheet.The specific magnetic force and magnetic force were calculated and analysed to illustrate the pre-concentration mechanism,and the results revealed that the combination of high magnetic field and strong pulsating resulted in the effective preconcentration of the ultrafine ilmenite in the SMS process.In addition,the magnetic force analysis indicated that the high magnetic intensity and high magnetic gradient are the key factors of the SMS technology.Furthermore,the EDS-Mapping detection certified that the ultrafine ilmenite was concentrated from the gangue minerals using SMS technology.

KAOLIN CLAY PURIFICATION BY DRY HIGH GRADIENT MAGNETIC SEPARATION

A new method-dry High Gradient Magnetic Separation （HGMS）-to remove iron from ultrafine kaolin powder is described. A new kind of disperser, which breaks down the particle clusters in the powder by high speed gas flow from an air compressor, is used to completely disperse the powders. The dispersed particles are passed through vibrating HGMS by a vacuum pump to remove the iron. The magnetic and nonmagnetic fractions are separately collected by cloth collectors. Dry HGMS laboratory experiments are carried out. A product containing 0.90％ Fe2O3 was obtained, and the recovery was 70％.

Removal of phosphate from municipal sewage by high gradient magnetic separation

The removal of phosphate from municipal sewage by high gradient magnetic separation using aluminium sulphate as precipitating agent and Fe3O4 as seeding material was studied. The effects of aluminium sulphate, Fe3O4, magnetic field intensity, pH value and flow-rate of sewage on phosphorus removal rate were investigated. The results show that addition of 200 mg/L Al2（SO4）3·18H2O and 300 mg/L Fe3O4, magnetic field intensity of 200 kA/m, pH value of 4.57.0 and flow-rate of 6.15 cm/s are both efficient and economic technical parameters for removal of phosphate. The pH value has a tremendous effect on the removal of phosphate. In the pH range of （4.5）7.0, more than 95% phosphate can be removed. Theoretical analysis indicates that the solubility of AlPO4 is minimum at pH 4.07.0 and the electrostatic attractive force between AlPO4 and Fe3O4 is maximum at pH 4.5（6.5.）

Study on Optimizing High-Gradient Magnetic Separation—Part 2: Experimental Evaluation of the Performance of a New Designed Magnetic Filter

The introduction of functionalized magnetizable particles and high-gradient magnetic separation represents a time and money saving alternative to conventional purification and separation unit operations in the biotechnical sector. This technique has some advantages especially for the recycling of immobilized enzymes. A new magnetic filter with sight glasses was constructed and produced to study the performance of high-gradient magnetic separation at varied parameters. By optical analysis the buildup of a clogging was identified as the major parameter which affected the separation performance. For the cleaning procedure, a two-phase flow of water with highly dispersed air bubbles was tested which led to a nearly complete cleaning of the filter chamber.

Study on Optimizing High-Gradient Magnetic Separation—Part 1: Improvement of Magnetic Particle Retention Based on CFD Simulations

The introduction of functionalized magnetizable particles for the purification of enzymes or for the multi-use of pre-immobilized biocatalysts offers a great potential for time and cost savings in biotechnological process design. The selective separation of the magnetizable particles is performed for example by a high-gradient magnetic separator. In this study FEM and CFD simulations of the magnetic field and the fluid flow field within a filter chamber of a magnetic separator were carried out, to find an optimal separator design. The motion of virtual magnetizable particles was calculated with a one-way coupled Lagrangian approach in order to test many geometric and parametric variations in reduced time. It was found that a flow homogenisator smoothed the fluid flow, so that the linear velocity became nearly equal over the cross section in the direction of flow. Furthermore the retention of magnetizable particles increases with a high total edge length within the filter matrix.

高梯度磁选中非磁性颗粒的机械夹杂行为

非磁性矿物颗粒的机械夹杂是影响高梯度磁选选择性的重要因素。基于自主设计的高梯度磁选试验装置,对磁介质上、下游累积物进行冷冻、剥离和独立分析,系统研究了各种关键参数对非磁性颗粒机械夹杂行为的影响。结果表明,磁介质下游捕集的选择性都优于上游。非磁性矿物的机械夹杂主要发生在介质上游,增加给矿流速和减小非磁性颗粒的粒度可以提高高梯度磁选的选择性,磁场强度对介质上下游机械夹杂的影响较小。在较低流速条件下,弱化上游捕集和强化下游捕集具有重要意义,并提出了提高选择性的两种潜在技术方案。

基于煤矸石中锂、镓元素赋存状态的高梯度磁选预富集试验

我国山西、内蒙古部分矿区煤矸石中蕴藏着锂、镓等战略性关键金属,其锂、镓元素富集逐渐成为研究热点。然而煤矸石中锂、镓含量很低,直接浸出需消耗大量化学药剂,高效、经济的富集锂、镓元素仍存在很大挑战。为提高煤矸石中锂、镓富集效率,针对山西朔州地区煤矸石中锂、镓元素赋存状态和预富集方法展开研究。采用逐级化学提取法、矿物物相组成、矿物解离分析、电感耦合等离子体质谱法、扫描电子显微镜和能量色散光谱,研究了煤矸石中锂、镓元素的赋存状态,利用高梯度磁选探究通过抛除黄铁矿对煤矸石中锂、镓元素预富集的可行性。结果表明,煤矸石主要由高岭土、黄铁矿、石英、方解石、白云母等矿物组成,锂、镓元素主要赋存于硅酸盐类矿物中,黄铁矿中含量较少。原矿中锂质量分数146.37μg/g,镓质量分数25.04μg/g。通过磁选方法抛除黄铁矿可对煤矸石中锂、镓元素预富集,1000 mT时,预富集效果最佳,磁选尾矿中锂质量分数210.63μg/g,为原矿中锂含量的1.45倍,锂回收率88.00%。镓质量分数31.88μg/g,高于原矿中镓元素,镓回收率80.07%。

攀西橄辉岩型低品位钛铁矿振动脉动与脉动高梯度磁选工艺对比

随开采深度的增加,攀西钛铁矿中易泥化、与钛铁矿磁性差异较小的橄辉岩型钛铁矿含量增多,降低了脉动高梯度磁选机的分选指标,使后续浮选过程中合格钛精矿的生产成本和难度增大。针对这一问题,本文开展振动脉动高梯度磁选与脉动高梯度磁选橄辉岩型低品位钛铁矿的对比试验研究。结果表明:在钛粗精矿的TiO_(2)品位为9.00%、−0.074 mm粒级产率为57.60%的条件下,采用SLon−100周期式脉动高梯度磁选机分选时,所得磁性精矿的TiO_(2)品位为15%~17%,分选精度上限较低;采用SLon-Z−100周期式振动脉动高梯度磁选机分选时,所得磁性精矿的TiO_(2)品位为20%~22%,分选精度上限明显提高。在相近的磁性精矿TiO_(2)品位(15%)或TiO_(2)回收率(73%)条件下,振动脉动高梯度磁选工艺的各项分选指标均明显优于脉动高梯度磁选工艺,表明磁介质振动动态捕获模式具有更高的捕获选择性。

黔北某菱锰矿高梯度脉冲磁选及影响因素研究

对贵州北部某典型低品位菱锰矿进行了工艺矿物学分析,结果表明,矿石中锰品位为12.82%,Mn/Fe3.93,P/Mn0.02,S/Mn0.15,Mg/Ca0.32,矿石属于高铁高磷高硫高硅高黏土菱锰矿。菱锰矿多呈泥晶集合体结构,矿石中Mn89.47%赋存于钙菱锰矿中,Mn与Ca类质同象严重,菱锰矿属于不均匀粒度分布。采用“一粗(1.2T)一扫(1.3T)”高梯度脉冲磁选流程,得到回收率85.01%、品位为18.19%的磁选精矿指标。经AMICS产品特征研究结果表明,精矿品位及回收率难以提高的主要原因是菱锰矿中Mn被Ca类质同象,该特征造成菱锰矿无法实现单体解离,使菱锰矿中钙质随磁选进入精矿,方解石及白云石中锰质难以回收,降低精矿品位及回收率。其次该矿石嵌布粒度不均匀,部分白云石及微晶黄铁矿在钙菱锰矿中分布,造成菱锰矿与脉石矿物形成连生体,难以实现磁选分离,恶化精矿指标;最后是菱锰矿精矿锰品位的提升需增加磨矿细度实现单体解离,而矿石中存在大量黏土矿物、颗粒过细加重泥化、团聚现象,造成细粒菱锰矿颗粒与脉石矿物形成异质团聚体,当团聚体的体积比磁化率达到磁选回收界限时,团聚体中脉石矿物也被带入精矿降低质量,当团聚体的体积磁化率未能达到磁选回收界限时,团聚体中菱锰矿随脉石矿物被水流带走,造成跑尾降低精矿回收率。

脉动高梯度磁选分离微细铜钼混合精矿试验研究

黄铜矿(顺磁性)和辉钼矿(逆磁性)存在微弱的磁性差异,可以通过高梯度磁选分离。采用SLon-100型周期式脉动高梯度磁选机,对金堆城钼业某铜钼混合浮选粗精矿(铜、钼品位分别为14.42%和12.40%、-0.019 mm产率83.80%)进行了黄铜矿与辉钼矿分离试验研究。结果表明,在脉动冲程为5 mm、脉动冲次为150 r/min、棒介质直径为1.5 mm、矿浆流速为2.0 cm/s、粗选磁感应强度为1.6 T、扫选磁感应强度为1.7 T的条件下,经1粗1扫脉动高梯度强磁选,获得了产率48.64%、铜品位22.82%、钼品位4.40%和铜回收率77.82%的铜精矿,及产率51.36%、铜品位6.16%、钼品位19.96%和钼回收率82.73%的钼精矿,实现了有效的微细粒铜钼矿物分离。研究结果证明了脉动高梯度磁选分离微细粒铜钼混合精矿的有效性,可以为类似铜钼混合精矿的绿色分离提供指导。

缅甸某低品位复杂难选铁锡矿石综合回收试验研究

缅甸某低品位铁锡矿石含铁29.79%、锡0.495%,脉石成分主要为Si O_(2),主要有价矿物为磁铁矿和锡石,二者紧密共生,粒度较细。为确定该矿石的高效开发利用工艺,基于原矿性质研究,采用湿式弱磁选铁—锡石回收(摇床重选—摇床中矿再磨后高梯度强磁选除铁—摇床重选)—锡综合粗精矿浮选脱硫磁选除铁(弱磁选+高梯度强磁选)流程进行了选矿试验。结果表明:该工艺最终可获得锡品位57.956%、锡回收率69.08%的锡精矿,铁品位65.21%、铁回收率48.22%的铁精矿,硫品位46.35%、硫回收率38.31%的硫精矿,铁、锡和硫精矿所含杂质均未超标,总尾矿的锡品位降至0.153%,实现了铁锡矿石资源的综合回收利用。

某氰化尾渣中磁选回收铁试验研究

为综合回收利用某含金银多金属氧化矿氰化尾渣中的铁,针对氰化尾渣进行了弱磁选和强磁选回收铁的试验研究。试验结果表明:在弱磁粗选磁场强度为238.85 kA/m,弱磁精选磁场强度为159.24 kA/m,弱磁粗选尾矿强磁选磁感应强度为1200 mT的条件下,通过弱磁—强磁分选工艺,获得了全铁品位为64.08%、铁回收率为21.11%的弱磁铁精矿和全铁品位为45.81%、铁回收率为40.31%的强磁铁精矿,综合全铁回收率为61.42%,达到了综合回收利用铁资源的目的。

湖北鄂东某陶瓷用长石除铁增白选矿试验研究

为合理高效开发湖北鄂东某陶瓷用长石矿资源,基于原矿工艺矿物学分析,进行除铁增白试验研究。结果表明,原矿中主要有用矿物为斜长石和钾长石,脉石矿物为石英、石榴子石、云母、磁铁矿、褐铁矿及少量的赤铁矿,其中含铁杂质是影响白度的主要因素。采用“水洗脱泥-磁选脱铁”联合流程,可以获得产率为97.16%的长石精矿,其铁杂质含量从1.105%降至0.295%,白度相应由46.11%提升至64.92%,同时Na_(2)O与K2O总量略有提升,精矿产品各项指标达到QB/T 1636-2017《日用陶瓷用长石》行业标准钠长石合格品的要求,实现了该长石矿的高附加值利用。

某锂云母粗精矿磁选再富集试验研究

江西某锂云母经浮选后粗精矿锂品位2.60%左右,产品竞争力较弱。为提高该锂云母精矿的市场竞争力,达到锂品位3.0%以上的要求,进行锂云母粗精矿磁选再富集试验。研究结果表明:在磨矿细度-0.074 mm65%、给矿浓度25%、磁介质棒直径3 mm、强磁粗选1背景磁感应强度1.3T、强磁粗选2背景磁感应强度1.5 T的条件下,采用2次强磁粗选工艺流程,可获得锂品位3.03%、锂回收率82.03%的锂云母强磁选精矿;试验达到了对现场浮选精矿再富集的效果,可作为现场工艺改造的依据。

Magnetic field characteristics analysis of a single assembled magnetic medium using ANSYS software

The section shape of an assembled magnetic medium is the most important structural parameter of a high gradient magnetic separator, which directly affects the induction distribution and magnetic field gradient of the magnetic separator. In this study, equilateral triangle, square, hexagonal, octagon, dodecagon, and round shape sections of the assembled magnetic medium are chosen to study their influence on magnetic field distribution characteristics using the ANSYS analysis. This paper utilizes a single assembled magnetic medium to understand the relationship between the geometry of the assembled magnetic medium and its magnetic field distribution characteristics. The results show that high magnetic field,regional field, magnetic field gradient, and magnetic force formed by the different sections of the assembled magnetic medium in the same background magnetic field reduce in turn based on the triangle,square, hexagonal, octagon, dodecagon, and round. Based on the magnetic field characteristics analytic results, the magnetic separation tests of the ilmenite are carried out. The results indicate that the section shape of the toothed plate compared with the section shape of cylinder can improve the recovery of ilmenite up to 45% in the same magnetizing current condition of 2A, which is consistent with magnetic field characteristics analysis of different assembled magnetic medium section shapes.

MAGNETIC SEPARATION OF FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING EQUILIBRIUM CATALYST

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贵州铜仁地区某低品位碳酸锰矿高梯度磁选试验研究

贵州铜仁地区某低品位碳酸锰矿矿物组成复杂,黏土矿物伊利石含量较高(19.30%),为了更好地提高该类型锰矿资源的选矿指标,对其开展了磁选试验研究。结果表明,预先脱泥后通过球磨机磨矿,在磨矿细度-75μm粒级占69.62%条件下,采用一次粗选、两次扫选磁选流程,最终可获得产率52.81%、锰品位和回收率分别为19.39%和83.66%的碳酸锰精矿。试验结果对实现铜仁地区电解锰渣源头减量排放具有重要意义。

多金属尾矿宏量分质分离试验研究

以湖南郴州某多金属尾矿为研究对象,提出了尾矿组分宏量分质分离与综合利用方法,首先通过磁选分选出铁铝质矿物,然后采用油酸钠为捕收剂、碳酸钠为调整剂、GLY-Ⅲ和六偏磷酸钠为抑制剂,经过“一粗两扫七精”浮选工艺流程,分选非磁性矿物得到钙质矿物和硅质矿物。获得的铁铝质矿物中石榴石含量为40.17%,回收率为94.08%;钙质矿物中钙品位为58.00%,回收率为50.29%,其中萤石含量达到了76.47%;硅质矿物中硅品位为27.96%,回收率超过99%。3种产品可以满足制备凝胶材料、烧制陶瓷化骨料等不同建材化需求,为尾矿的高消纳利用提供了新的方法和思路。

干式振动高梯度磁选机的分选机理与试验研究

针对当前干式高梯度磁选机存在磁场磁场力小、对细粒弱磁性矿物分选选择性差、物料易聚团堵塞磁介质及分选通道等缺点,研制了一种新型干式振动高梯度磁选机(简称DVS磁选机)。首先,利用COMSOL Multiphysics模拟仿真软件,对垂直均匀磁场中做简谐振动的磁介质磁场特性及分选腔内的流场特性进行模拟仿真分析。然后,在垂直均匀磁场-简谐振动力复合力场中,建立了磁介质的动态捕获模型,对其动态捕获过程中的矿粒受力进行分析,推导出在不同位置磁性矿粒被有效捕获所需的最小磁场力公式。最后,应用该磁选机对安徽某铁品位30.68%、粒度-0.074 mm占47.01%的镜铁矿石进行预选试验。选择磁感应强度0.6 T、磁介质振动次数2 200次/min,1次分选获得了产率59.12%、铁品位45.28%和回收率87.67%的铁精矿,尾矿铁品位仅9.21%,选矿效率达到26.09%。新型干式振动高梯度磁选机分选指标与SLon-100湿式脉动高梯度磁选机试验指标及SLon-2000磁选机工业生产指标接近,证实了DVS磁选机具有良好的分选性能。

煤矸石矿物学性质及磁种法磁选除铁钛研究

为提高煤系高岭土煤矸石资源利用率,本文以内蒙准格尔黑岱沟地区的煤矸石为研究对象,对其中蕴含的煤系硬质高岭土进行分选除铁、除钛研究。通过采用X-射线衍射(XRD)谱、X射线荧光(XRF)光谱,扫描电镜(SEM)及显微镜测试从化学成分、微观形貌和矿物组成结构方面对煤矸石进行工艺矿物学分析。实验采用不同磁种对含铁、钛的矿物进行高梯度磁选,单因素实验得出以磁铁矿粉为磁种优于人造铁氧体。通过正交实验表明:磁选电流6 A、给矿记时20 s、矿浆浓度45%为较佳实验条件,此时除铁率为35.63%,除钛率为39.29%。最终产品煅烧后白度为80.96%,达到橡塑工业用煅烧高岭土白度要求。