Fiber cladding dual channel surface plasmon resonance sensor based on S-type fiber

Fiber cladding surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensors have few structures,and a clad SPR sensor based on S-type fiber is proposed in this paper.This new type of fiber cladding SPR sensor was formed by electrofusing an S-shaped structure on the fiber to couple the light in the fiber core to the cladding.In this paper,the effects of fiber parameters on the performance of the sensor were studied by simulation and experiment.Based on the conclusion that the smaller the core diameter is,the closer the working band of the SPR resonance is to long wavelengths,and that the geometric characteristics mean that a multimode fiber can receive the fiber cladding light from a small core diameter few-mode fiber,a dual channel SPR sensor with a double S-type fiber cascade was proposed.In the refractive index detection range of 1.333–1.385refractive index units(RIU),the resonant working band of channel I is 627.66 nm–759.78 nm,with an average sensitivity of 2540.77 nm/RIU,and the resonant working band of channel II is 518.24 nm–658.2 nm,with an average sensitivity of2691.54 nm/RIU.The processing method for the S-type fiber cladding SPR sensor is simple,effectively solving the problem of this type of SPR sensor structure and the difficult realization of a dual channel.The sensor is expected to be used in the fields of medical treatment and biological analysis.

Dual Channel SIS Receiver of Trao Telescope

We have developed the dual channel receiver with 100GHz and 150GHz band, which is used to make the simultaneous observation with two bands. The SIS mixers are used in both bands. The constructed dewar for receiver has the performance with the vacuum of 10 -8 Torr and the temperature of 4 2K. The receiver noise temperature is 50K (DSB) for 100GHz band and 80K (DSB) for 150GHz band ,respectively. In order to achieve the simultaneous observations, the quasioptical system is precisely designed, and also evaluated by the measurement in the laboratory. We have observed the various sources using this receiver since October 1998. The relative pointing offset between two bands is 3″.

A dual channel perturbation particle filter algorithm based on GPU acceleration

The particle filter(PF) algorithm is one of the most commonly used algorithms for maneuvering target tracking. The traditional PF maps from multi-dimensional information to onedimensional information during particle weight calculation, and the incorrect transmission of information leads to the fact that the particle prediction information does not match the weight information, and its essence is the reduction of the information entropy of the useful information. To solve this problem, a dual channel independent filtering method is proposed based on the idea of equalization mapping. Firstly, the particle prediction performance is described by particle manipulations of different dimensions, and the accuracy of particle prediction is improved. The improvement of particle degradation of this algorithm is analyzed in the aspects of particle weight and effective particle number. Secondly, according to the problem of lack of particle samples, the new particles are generated based on the filtering results, and the particle diversity is increased. Finally, the introduction of the graphics processing unit(GPU) parallel computing the platform, the "channel-level" and "particlelevel" parallel computing the program are designed to accelerate the algorithm. The simulation results show that the algorithm has the advantages of better filtering precision, higher particle efficiency and faster calculation speed compared with the traditional algorithm of the CPU platform.

Dual Channel with Involution for Long-Tailed Visual Recognition

With the rapid increase of large-scale problems, the distribution of real-world datasets tends to be long-tailed. Existing solutions typically involve re-balancing strategies (i.e., re-sampling and re-weighting). Although they can significantly promote the classifier learning of deep networks, they will unexpectedly impair the representative ability of the learned deep features to a certain extent. Therefore, this paper proposes a dual-channel learning algorithm with involution neural networks (DC-Invo) to take care of representation learning and classifier learning concurrently. In this work, the most important thing is to combine ResNet and involution to obtain higher classification accuracy because of involution’s wider coverage in the spatial dimension. The paper conducted extensive experiments on several benchmark vision tasks including Cifar-LT, Imagenet-LT, and Places-LT, showing that DC-Invo is able to achieve significant performance gained on long-tailed datasets.

Cascaded dual-channel fiber SPR temperature sensor based on liquid and solid encapsulations

In order to control the working wavelength range of the fiber surface plasmon resonance(SPR)temperature sensor and realize the wavelength division multiplexing type multi-channel fiber SPR temperature sensor,by comprehensively investigating the influence of liquids with different thermal-optical coefficients and solid packaging materials on the performance of fiber SPR temperature sensor,a dual-channel fiber SPR temperature sensor based on liquid-solid cascade encapsulation was designed and fabricated.The liquid temperature sensing stage encapsulated in capillary worked in 616.03 nm-639.05 nm band,the solid sensing stage coated with pouring sealant worked in 719.37 nm-825.27 nm band,and the two stages were cascaded to form a fiber dual-channel temperature sensor.The testing results indicated that when the temperature range was 35℃-95℃,the sensitivity of two-stage temperature detection was−0.384 nm/℃and−1.765 nm/℃respectively.The proposed fiber sensor has simple fabrication and excellent performance which can be widely used in various fields of dual-channel temperature measurement and temperature compensation.

Dual-Channel Communication of Column Plasma Antenna Excited by a Surface Wave——Actualization and Simulation of Radiation Pattern

Along with the introduction of the concept of dual-channel communication,we utilized the finite-difference time-domain(FDTD) method to simulate and measure the radiation pattern under certain plasma densities and plasma collision frequencies.Results show that under certain settings,the radiation pattern of a plasma antenna resembles that of a metallic antenna.In contrast to a metallic antenna,a plasma antenna possesses other functionalities,such as dynamic reconfiguration and digital controllability.The data from simulation are similar to the measurement results,indicating that column plasma antenna can realize dual-channel communication.This work confirms the viability of realizing dual-channel communication by column plasma antenna,which adds a new but promising method for modern intelligent communication.

A Novel Dual Channel Fluorescent Probe for Ca^2＋ and Zn^2＋ Based on a Coumarin Schiff Base

一个新奇香豆素 Schiff 库荧光灯探查乙醇 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylate-8-formaldehyde benzoyl hydrazone ( EBH )被设计了并且综合它显示出溶剂依赖者双察觉到， viz ，在 DMF-H 22+的识别> O ( 91 ， V/V )解决方案基于 C = N 异构化， photoinduced 电子转移(宠物)抑制和 提高chelation 的荧光(厨师)在 H 22+的机制以及察觉> O-CH 3哦( 91 ， V/V )由 exc 的答案探查 EBH 的结构被单个水晶的 X 光检查衍射分析证实了。同时，探查也习惯于图象在有好表演的 MCF-7 房间的细胞内部的 Zn 2+ 离子。

Altruism and Pricing Strategy in Dual-Channel Supply Chains

With the development of behavioral operational management, human behavior such as altruism, fairness and trust has received considerable attention. This paper studies the effect of altruism on retailer’s and manufacturer’s pricing strategy in two classic dual-channel supply chains by presenting Stackelberg game models. The analysis shows that the player’s altruism preference strongly affects their pricing strategies. The more altruistic one player is, the more profits the other player obtains. Moreover, the effect of manufacturer’s altruistic preference is larger than that of retailer’s. In addition, online price is always lower than offline price in dual-channel supply chain, which still holds true considering altruism. The results also reveal that the product web-fit has significant effect on the player’s optimal pricing strategies. The more compatible with online market the product is, the lower the retail price is set, and the more profit the manufacturer obtains whereas the less the retailer gets.

An analytical threshold voltage model for dual-strained channel PMOSFET

Based on the analysis of vertical electric potential distribution across the dual-channel strained p-type Si/strained Si 1-x Ge x /relaxd Si 1-y Ge y (s-Si/s-SiGe/Si 1-y Ge y) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (PMOSFET),an-alytical expressions of the threshold voltages for buried channel and surface channel are presented.And the maximum allowed thickness of s-Si is given,which can ensure that the strong inversion appears earlier in the buried channel (compressive strained SiGe) than in the surface channel (tensile strained Si),because the hole mobility in the buried channel is higher than that in the surface channel.Thus they offer a good accuracy as compared with the results of device simulator ISE.With this model,the variations of threshold voltage and maximum allowed thickness of s-Si with design parameters can be predicted,such as Ge fraction,layer thickness,and doping concentration.This model can serve as a useful tool for p-channel s-Si/s-SiGe/Si 1-y Ge y metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) designs.

Consumer Choice, Firm Performance and Channel Coordination in a Dual-Channel Distribution System

The expanding role of the Internet in consumer purchasing activities has created substantial new opportunities accessing to end-consumers. More and more manufacturers are beginning to sell products to potential consumers directly online while continuing to sell through the traditional brick-and-mortar retailers, a phenomenon leading to intense channel competition and conflicts. Using game theory, this research examines the effect of market segments, consumer choice and the acceptance of direct online channels on firm performance and the whole system’s profit. The analysis indicates that the addition of direct online channel does not necessarily harm the incumbent retailers. A win-win zone is proposed, in which both the manufacturer and the retailer benefit from the encroachment.

Mode Selection Strategy of Dual Distribution Channel Based on Revenue Analysis

Within the scope of dual distribution channel(DDC)modes—ME&T-C and M-T&E-C,a game model designed for channel members was proposed.Based on this game model,the game equilibrium under both centralized and decentralized decisionmaking situations was analyzed,the channel members' and overall revenues of two modes under the same decision-making situation are compared,and the influence of demand shift coefficient to the overall and members' revenue was also studied through example analysis.Based on the comparison and analysis of the revenue yielded from the two DDC modes,it's discovered that within a certain hypothetical range,the M-T&E-C mode seems to be a better option for the manufacturer than the ME&T-C mode.Therefore,this discovery can be served as a theoretical reference for manufacturers when choosing the optimal DDC mode in real life.

Numerical Simulation of Dual-Channel Communication of Column Plasma Antenna Excited by a Surface Wave

This paper focuses on the application of plasma as wireless antenna.In order to reveal the radiation characteristics of column plasma antenna,we chose the finite-difference timedomain(FDTD) numerical analysis method to simulate radiation impedance and efficiencies of each channel for a few sets of plasma densities and plasma collision frequencies.Simulation results demonstrate that a plasma antenna shares similar characteristics with a metallic antenna in radiation impedance and efficiency of each channel when an appropriate setting is adopted.Unlike a metallic antenna,a plasma antenna is capable of realizing such functions as dynamic reconfiguration,digital control and dual-channel communication.Thus it is possible to carry out dual-channel communication by plasma antenna,indicating a new path for modern intelligent communication.

Designing cost-effective network-on-chip by dual-channel access mechanism

A dual-channel access mechanism to overcome the drawback of traditional single-channel access mechanism for network-on-chip (NoC) is proposed.In traditional single-channel access mechanism,every Internet protocol (IP) has only one channel to access the on-chip network.When the network is relatively idle,the injection rate is too small to make good use of the network resource.When the network is relatively busy,the ejection rate is so small that the packets in the network cannot leave immediately,and thus the probability of congestion is increased.In the dual-channel access mechanism,the injection rate of IP and the ejection rate of the network are increased by using two optional channels in network interface (NI) and local port of routers.Therefore,the communication performance is improved.Experimental results show that compared with traditional single-channel access mechanism,the proposed scheme greatly increases the throughput and cuts down the average latency with reasonable area increase.

Asymmetric Dual-Channel MAC Protocol for Multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

In order to resolve the hidden and exposed terminal problems and improve the probability of concurrent packet transmissions for multihop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs), a novel slotted Asymmetric Dual-Channel Medium Access Control (ADC-MAC) protocol is proposed. It exploits simultaneous reservation with less collisions and collision-free data packet transmissions, and achieves optimal transmission balance on the Control Channel (CCH) and Data Channel (DCH) by adjusting the relationship between Reservation Slot (RS) on the CCH and the data packet Transmission Slot (TS) on the DCH. Transmission interferences can be avoided by only observing CCH for the transmission time of a data packet. The proposed RS and contention micro-slot backoff mechanisms also greatly improve channel access efficiency. Simulation results show that compared to IEEE 802.11 DCF and π-Mc protocols, the proposed protocol can achieve a throughput gain of 88% in single-hop networks and 151% in multihop networks at the same total data rate.

A Dual-Channel Secure Transmission Scheme for Internet-Based Networked Control Systems

Two significant issues in Internet-based networked control systems (INCSs),transport performance of different protocols and security breach from Internet side,are investigated. First,for improving the performance of data transmission,user datagram protocol (UDP) is adopted as the main stand for controllers and plants using INCSs. Second,a dual-channel secure transmission scheme (DCSTS)based on data transmission characteristics of INCSs is proposed,in which a raw UDP channel and a secure TCP (transmission control protocol) connection making use of SSL/TLS (secure sockets layer/transport layer security) are included. Further,a networked control protocol (NCP) at application layer for supporting DCSTS between the controllers and plants in INCSs is designed,and it also aims at providing a universal communication mechanism for interoperability of devices among the networked control laboratories in Beijing Institute of Technology of China,Central South University of China and Tokyo University of Technology of Japan. By means of a networked single-degree-of-freedom robot arm,an INCS under the new protocol and security environment is created. Compared with systems such as IPSec or SSL/TLS,which may cause more than 91% network throughput deduction,the new DCSTS protocol may yield results ten times better,being just 5.67%.

A New Dual-electrode and Multi-channel Electrochemical Detection System for Capillary Electrophoresis

A new type of dual-electrode and multi-channel electrochemical detection technology for capillary electrophoresis is described in this paper.Two detectors(the amperometric detector and the conductometric detector) or two conductometric detectors are connected to the same capillary electrophoresis system.The whole system possesses the advantages of the two electrochemical detectors including sparing time,improving the analytical speed and expanding the sample range.The working electrode and detector cell are handled easily.The system was applied to sample detection with satisfactory results.

Experimental Study of Flow Field at the Outlet of Dual-Channel Burner

This paper presents an experimental study result of flow field of a dual-channel burner. In order to solve the ubiquitous problem of bad rigidity of jets in dual-channel burners, wedges with different arrangements and structural parameters were added to different positions at the outlet of the burners. Laser Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used in this study to measure the flow field to investigate influence of the wedges on flow field of the dual-channel burner. Experimental study shows that fixing wedges at both right and left sides of the burner's outlet can increase the intensity of recirculation without changing the size of the recirculation zone and enhance the rigidity of jets via increasing speed of the two primary air jets at the outlet.

A two-dimensional analytical model for channel potential and threshold voltage of short channel dual material gate lightly doped drain MOSFET

An analytical model for the channel potential and the threshold voltage of the short channel dual-material-gate lightly doped drain(DMG-LDD) metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor(MOSFET) is presented using the parabolic approximation method. The proposed model takes into account the effects of the LDD region length, the LDD region doping, the lengths of the gate materials and their respective work functions, along with all the major geometrical parameters of the MOSFET. The impact of the LDD region length, the LDD region doping, and the channel length on the channel potential is studied in detail. Furthermore, the threshold voltage of the device is calculated using the minimum middle channel potential, and the result obtained is compared with the DMG MOSFET threshold voltage to show the improvement in the threshold voltage roll-off. It is shown that the DMG-LDD MOSFET structure alleviates the problem of short channel effects(SCEs) and the drain induced barrier lowering(DIBL) more efficiently. The proposed model is verified by comparing the theoretical results with the simulated data obtained by using the commercially available ATLASTM2 D device simulator.

Secrecy rate analysis of dual-hop AF relay wiretap channel

An amplify-and-forward(AF) dual-hop relay is proposed for secure communication within Wyner s wiretap channel.Based on an information-theoretic formulation,the average secrecy rate is characterized when two legitimate partners communicate over a quasi-static fading channel.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that both cooperative strategies of average power scaling(APS) and instantaneous power scaling(IPS) are proved to be able to achieve information-theoretic security,and eavesdropper is unable to decode any information.