Experiments and Simulation of Thermal Behaviors of the Dual-drive Servo Feed System

The machine tool equipped with the dual-drive servo feed system could realize high feed speed as well as sharp precision. Currently, there is no report about the thermal behaviors of the dual-drive machine, and the current research of the thermal characteristics of machines mainly focuses on steady simulation. To explore the influence of thermal characterizations on the precision of a jib boring machine assembled dual-drive feed system, the thermal equilibrium tests and the research on thermal-mechanical transient behaviors are carried out. A laser interferometer, infrared thermography and a temperature-displacement acquisition system are applied to measure the temperature distribution and thermal deformation at different feed speeds. Subsequently, the finite element method （FEM） is used to analyze the transient thermal behaviors of the boring machine. The complex boundary conditions, such as heat sources and convective heat transfer coefficient, are calculated. Finally, transient variances in temperatures and deformations are compared with the measured values, and the errors between the measurement and the simulation of the temperature and the thermal error are 2 ~C and 2.5 pm, respectively. The researching results demonstrate that the FEM model can predict the thermal error and temperature distribution very well under specified operating condition. Moreover, the uneven temperature gradient is due to the asynchronous dual-drive structure that results in thermal deformation. Additionally, the positioning accuracy decreases as the measured point became further away from the motor, and the thermal error and equilibrium period both increase with feed speeds. The research proposes a systematical method to measure and simulate the boring machine transient thermal behaviors.

Principle and Experimental Verification of Novel Dual Driving Face Rotary Ultrasonic Motor

Existing rotary ultrasonic motors operating in extreme environments cannot meet the requirements of good environmental adaptability and compact structure at same time,and existing ultrasonic motors with Langevin transducers show better environmental adaptability,but size of these motors are usually big due to the radial arrangement of the Langevin transducers.A novel dual driving face rotary ultrasonic motor is proposed,and its working principle is experimentally verified.The working principle of the novel ultrasonic motor is firstly proposed.The 5th in-plane flexural vibration travelling wave,excited by the Langevin transducers around the stator ring,is used to drive the rotors.Then the finite element method is used in the determination of dimensions of the prototype motor,and the confirmation of its working principle.After that,a laser Doppler vibrometer system is used for measuring the resonance frequency and vibration amplitude of the stator.At last,output characteristics of the prototype motor are measured,environmental adaptability is tested and performance for driving a metal ball is also investigated.At room temperature and 200 V(zero to peak) driving voltage,the motor’s no-load speed is 80 r/min,the stalling torque is 0.35 N·m and the maximum output power is 0.85 W.The response time of this motor is 0.96 ms at the room temperature,and it decreases or increases little in cold environment.A metal ball driven by the motor can rotate at 210 r/min with the driving voltage 300 V(zero to peak).Results indicate that the prototype motor has a large output torque and good environmental adaptability.A rotary ultrasonic motor owning compact structure and good environmental adaptability is proposed,and lays the foundations of ultrasonic motors’ applications in extreme environments.

Mode switching control strategy of dual motors coupled driving on electric vehicles

Based on analyzing the structure and working principle on electric vehicles （EVs） with dual motors coupled by planetarY gears, the control strategy of mode switching was proposed. The power interruption problem on EVs with automatic mechanical transmission （AMT） shifting was resolved. Based on the speed-torque characteristics of the planetary gears and the principle of the auxiliary motor＇ s zero speed braking, control features of mode switching were introduced. The mode shifting between the main motor mode and dual motors coupled driving were studied. Matlab/Simulink was adopted as a platform to develop the simulation model of EVs with dual motors drive system and 3 gears AMT. Simulation results demonstrated that the power interruption of dual motors drive system was solved during mode switching. The power requirements of EVs were satisfied, too.

Genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization tuned fuzzy PID controller on direct torque control of dual star induction motor

This study presents analysis, control and comparison of three hybrid approaches for the direct torque control (DTC) of the dual star induction motor (DSIM) drive. Its objective consists of combining three different heuristic optimization techniques including PID-PSO, Fuzzy-PSO and GA-PSO to improve the DSIM speed controlled loop behavior. The GA and PSO algorithms are developed and implemented into MATLAB. As a result, fuzzy-PSO is the most appropriate scheme. The main performance of fuzzy-PSO is reducing high torque ripples, improving rise time and avoiding disturbances that affect the drive performance.

无人船载监控系统的设计与开发

为了满足无人船实时通信和远程操控需要,综合利用计算机、传感器及无线通信等技术,设计一种无人船载监控系统,实现了对无人船的实时监测、控制与实时通信。设计一种双驱动独立控制方案,实现了无人船遥控器控制与计算机控制的相互分离,可提高无人船运行操控的安全性与可靠性。提出采用插件式软件架构,将易变动的功能模块以插件的方式动态加载至系统框架中,加快了开发速度,降低了系统的耦合程度,提高了系统的可扩展性,并利用插件动态加载与卸载方法,实现了插件功能的动态加载与在线升级,提高了系统应对任务多样化的能力。

双驱动射频负氢离子源匹配网络设计与实验研究

随着磁约束聚变实验装置对中性束注入器的输出束流强度与脉冲时间的要求越来越高,开展高功率大面积射频离子源的研究迫在眉睫。为了实现大面积、高密度均匀等离子体放电,基于多驱动射频离子源的设计是当前的发展趋势,而阻抗匹配网络是射频功率源将最大功率输送至线圈并耦合至等离子体的关键,故对其结构设计和调谐特性的研究是不可或缺的。基于前期在单驱动射频离子源的研究基础上,结合双驱动射频离子源的放电需求,开展了双驱动阻抗匹配网络优化结构的设计与分析,通过实验中对匹配网络的调谐,成功实现了140 kW高功率和25 kW/1 000 s长脉冲的稳定运行。随后在等离子体稳定放电的基础上研究了两个驱动器之间的功率分配均匀性问题,实验结果表明了该匹配网络的优化设计合理可行,上下驱动器的射频功率分配基本均匀。

“主动面向、科教融合、双轮驱动”——工程管理专业新工科改革与引领的探索实践

面对国家战略需求以及新一轮科技革命和产业变革所带来的严峻挑战,工程管理专业建设正面临转型升级的迫切需要。西安建筑科技大学工程管理专业始终坚持改革探索与自我革新,在新工科背景下,努力探索工程管理专业改造升级路径、人才培养模式、课程体系建设、创新体系建设、平台建设和机制体制设计;坚持“主动面向”,以国家重大战略需求和科技创新的双轮驱动为导向,拓展专业内涵,加速科教融合,积极探索和重构专业课程体系;创新“精课程、微课堂”的课程建设和教学模式;开发“工程管理云专业”平台,大力推动“2+X”创新体系建设,构建“师生成长共同体”。为探索和形成工程管理专业发展的新模式、新路径、新体系提供重要支撑和经验借鉴。

基于定子电流和电磁转矩双信号融合的齿轮故障智能诊断

在电机驱动的齿轮传动系统中,电机本体具有传感器的特性,因此可以通过电机的定子电流、电磁转矩信号来进行齿轮故障分析,由于受转速和负载转矩的影响,使得故障诊断结果的准确率较低。针对此问题,提出一种基于双信号融合与反向传播神经网络相结合的齿轮故障诊断方法。对电机齿轮传动系统一体化建模,进行电机齿轮传动系统联合仿真。对齿轮的不同故障进行模拟,得到电机侧定子电流和电磁转矩的故障信号,采用双树复小波变换来分析齿轮故障频段信号,提取故障特征量,建立了丰富的齿轮故障样本库。搭建反向传播神经网络并提出改进的自适应学习率算法,实现了对齿轮断齿、磨损故障的精确分类。为了验证所提方法的有效性,搭建齿轮故障试验平台,对相应齿轮故障进行诊断。结果表明,所提方法能够在不同转速和负载转矩条件下准确辨识齿轮的故障类型,相较于只采用定子电流和电磁转矩中一种信号对齿轮进行故障诊断,该方法准确率更高。

110t转炉倾动控制系统改造优化

不锈钢110 t转炉自动化控制系统采用西门子S7-300PLC进行启动、停止、故障等逻辑控制,2套交流西门子变频器完成电机的闭环动态调节,2台电机采用主从控制方式保证负荷平衡。2台变频器与PLC之间采用Profibus-DP通信。主要针对转炉倾动系统运行过程中存在的问题,重点阐述了倾动变频控制系统升级优化改造方案,基于西门子新一代变频器S120为核心升级转炉倾动控制系统,通过组建新的控制方式解决双驱动倾动系统运行中相互拖拽、抱闸控制方式不可靠、转炉点头等问题,提升控制精度,达到增强设备安全稳定运行的目的。实践表明改造优化后的转炉倾动控制系统动态响应速度快,系统安全性更高,能够满足转炉冶炼工艺对于安全性、稳定性、可靠性、高效性、精确性控制的要求。

基于ADRC和模型预测控制的直驱伺服阀振荡抑制研究

直驱伺服阀因构造简单、抗污染能力强、输出功率大等突出优势,逐渐扩展其应用场景。作为飞控系统的关键部件之一,电液伺服阀的特性与可靠性直接关乎飞行性能与安全。本文针对某型航空用双系统直驱伺服阀存在的阀芯振荡问题,探究基于方法的伺服阀振荡抑制策略。建立了该直驱伺服阀系统的部件级数学模型,并与突变液流力模型联合运算;设计了自抗扰控制器(ADRC)和模型预测的复合控制方法,并与传统比例积分微分(PID)控制方法进行仿真对比。结果表明,ADRC和模型预测的复合控制方法对直线电机电流的高频小范围调节可有效抵消突变液流力对阀芯运动的影响,从而为直驱伺服阀在复杂受力环境下的控制器设计提供理论参考。

基于混合粒子群的电动汽车转矩分配策略研究

针对双电机驱动系统电动汽车前、后轴电机转矩分配问题,利用Simulink与AVL-Cruise软件建立了双电机电动汽车整车模型;基于车辆构型特点建立双电机驱动系统效率数学模型,以双电机驱动系统的整体效率最高为优化目标,在前、后轴电机特性约束范围内通过混合粒子群算法,对转矩分配系数进行迭代优化研究。仿真结果表明,在单个工况点和连续运行工况下,混合粒子群算法的转矩分配策略能够实现合理的转矩分配满足车辆行驶的需求,在NEDC、CLTC-P、WLTC三种循环工况下,采用该策略的电动汽车续驶里程延长了11.71%、9.06%、9.46%,双电机电动汽车的经济性明显提升。

Design of a control system for a macro-micro dual-drive high acceleration high precision positioning stage for IC packaging

A macro-micro dual-drive positioning system showing good potential for high acceleration and high precision positioning required in IC packaging applications is devised in this paper. The dual-drive positioning stage uses a VCM (voice coil motor) driven macro positioning stage and a PZT piezo-electric driven micro positioning stage. The coupling characteristics of the system are analyzed to produce a control structure with a micro positioning stage that can dynamically compensate for the positioning error produced by the macro positioning stage. Models of the two positioning stages are described. The models cover both the mechanism and the actuator. For the macro positioning stage, friction characteristics are taken into account, and a controller with an LQG (linear-quadratic-Gaussian) control algorithm combining a feed-forward compensation algorithm is derived. A PID controller is used to control the micro positioning stage. Detailed designs are derived for the proposed approach, and the performance is validated by simulation.

基于嵌入式系统的智能小型采摘作业机器人

目前采摘作业机器人存在机器人转弯性能较差、自动寻迹能力较弱以及自动避障能力欠佳的缺陷。针对这一问题,提出一种通过结合嵌入式系统的双差速驱动机器人。首先建立对应的闭环控制模型,嵌入式系统能够进行更为便捷的图像数据信息的采集,而后建立相应的运行模型,并通过超声波传感器进行避障处理。通过嵌入式系统的信息反馈以及机器人的双差速驱动控制,以达到避开障碍物进行自动寻迹和移动的目的。经过实际案例测试,该方案能够在保证路径寻迹足够高精度的同时,更加快捷的避开障碍物,并缩短整体路径行进的实际,具备更好的可靠性和高效性。

基于矢量控制技术的伺服驱动系统

针对伺服驱动系统精度低、动态响应慢、稳定性差等问题,对双绕组永磁同步电机的矢量控制技术进行了深入的研究。优化和改进控制策略、系统硬件和软件程序。提出新的解决方案,设计伺服驱动系统。搭建试验平台,对系统进行功能和性能测试。实验结果表明:系统响应速度快、稳定性强,电机的控制精度和抗干扰能力也得到了明显提高,满足系统设计需求。

追求质量:中国高校考试招生制度改革的核心动力

追求人才选拔质量是中国高校考试招生制度改革的核心动力。中国高校考试招生制度在考试科目、录取模式和招生方式三个关键领域进行了长期的艰苦探索。考试科目不断优化,经历从分科考试向选科考试的转型,以便提高学业质量;录取模式持续变革,着力于协调国家计划与考生志愿的矛盾,从而提升匹配质量;招生方式推陈出新,重点构建了多元取才的选拔渠道,进而兼顾多元质量。中国高校考试招生制度改革只有坚持双重立场,兼顾质量的客观性和主观性,才能实现高质量发展。

电电双源制电力机车电气系统研究与设计

为响应国家“双碳”战略,一种具有节能、环保、高效等优点的电电双源制电力机车应运而生。文章基于电电双源制电力机车的顶层指标要求,对其包括牵引传动系统、辅助系统、动力电池系统、列车控制和管理系统及辅助驾驶系统在内的电气系统各子系统的功能需求及实现方案进行了详细地阐述。

Dual Drive Curve Tool Path Planning Method for 5-axis NC Machining of Sculptured Surfaces

The problem of finished surface being not first-order continuous commonly exists in machining sculptured surfaces with a torus cutter and some other types of cutters. To solve this problem, a dual drive curve tool path planning method is proposed in this article. First, the maximum machining strip width of a whole tool path can be obtained through optimizing each tool position with multi-point machining （MPM） method. Second, two drive curves are then determined according to the obtained maximum machining strip width. Finally, the tool is positioned once more along the dual drive curve under the condition of tool path smoothness. A computer simulation and cutting experiments are carried out to testify the performance of the new method. The machined surface is measured with a coordinate measuring machine （CMM） to examine the machining quality. The results obtained show that this method can effectively eliminate sharp scallops between adjacent tool paths, keep tool paths smooth, and improve the surface machining quality as well as machining efficiency.

动梁式龙门机床双轴同步系统的模型建立及不同步误差分析

根据动梁式龙门机床双轴同步系统的结构及运动特点,将双轴同步系统的动态特性分为平动和扭转两部分分别进行动力学建模。基于模型推导出双轴不同步误差的解析计算公式,得到双轴同步系统中各结构参数以及加速度、速度输入信号对于不同步误差的定量影响关系。分析得到两轴传动刚度比、摩擦阻尼比以及机械耦合部分重心移动对于不同步误差的影响关系。在DK-1200机床上,实际测量几种不同输入信号下的双轴不同步误差,并将试验测量结果与理论计算结果相比较,验证了不同步误差计算公式的准确性。

基于干扰观测器的龙门机床双驱系统的同步控制

根据动梁式龙门机床双驱动系统的结构特点及运动特性,基于拉格朗日方程,建立了龙门机床两轴之间的机械耦合模型,结合传动系统动态模型和伺服系统三闭环控制结构,得到了龙门机床双驱动系统模型;为了降低非对称结构和偏心负载等干扰对同步性能的影响,提高系统的抗干扰性,提出了一种基于干扰观测器(DOB)的双驱动系统同步控制方法;最后进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明,通过干扰观测器对干扰进行补偿后,龙门机床双驱动系统的同步性能得到了明显的提高。

双驱伺服进给系统热误差的试验测量与预测模型构建

为了研究双驱伺服进给系统热特性对数控机床精度的影响,建立了二元非线性综合热误差模型。以精密坐标镗床为对象,在不同进给速度下,利用激光干涉仪、红外热像仪及温度位移采集系统进行同步测量,对整机温度场分布、热变形的变化进行测试,分析进给系统热误差与丝杠特征温度、位置坐标及热平衡时间的非线性映射关系。结果表明:双驱结构易造成温度场梯度分布不均匀而产生热变形,热误差与丝杠特征温度成指数关系,且与坐标位置成线性关系;进给轴位置距离电机越远,定位精度越低,热误差越大,且热误差及热平衡时间随进给速度的提高而递增;热误差模型预测精度可达85%,对不同工况具有较好的通用性。