Performance enhancement of a viscoelastic bistable energy harvester using time-delayed feedback control

This paper focuses on the stochastic analysis of a viscoelastic bistable energy harvesting system under colored noise and harmonic excitation, and adopts the time-delayed feedback control to improve its harvesting efficiency. Firstly, to obtain the dimensionless governing equation of the system, the original bistable system is approximated as a system without viscoelastic term by using the stochastic averaging method of energy envelope, and then is further decoupled to derive an equivalent system. The credibility of the proposed method is validated by contrasting the consistency between the numerical and the analytical results of the equivalent system under different noise conditions. The influence of system parameters on average output power is analyzed, and the control effect of the time-delayed feedback control on system performance is compared. The output performance of the system is improved with the occurrence of stochastic resonance(SR). Therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio expression for measuring SR is derived, and the dependence of its SR behavior on different parameters is explored.

Parameter design for a vibration absorber with time-delayed feedback control

Traditional passive vibration absorbers are effective only when their natural frequencies are close to those of the excitations. To solve this problem, a vibration absorber with time-delayed feedback control is proposed to suppress vibration of the primary system under excitation with changing frequency. Firstly, the mechanical model of the delay coupled system is established. Then, the displacement transfer ratio of the system is obtained. The stability of the system is analyzed since delay may result in destabilization. Next, in order to design the control parameters, the vibration absorption performances of the proposed time-delayed vibration absorber are studied. The vibration absorption region is shown. The results show that time-delayed feedback control is able to change the response of the system. The effective vibration absorption frequency band is adjustable by tuning the control gain and time delay. The effective frequency band can be widened when choosing appropriate control parameters. The vibration absorption performances can be greatly improved by the time-delayed absorber. In addition, the optimum control parameters are obtained. Finally, the experimental prototype is constructed. Several tests with different control parameters are taken. The experimental and analytical results match quite well.

Control of Halo-Chaos in Beam Transport Network via Neural Network Adaptation with Time-Delayed Feedback

Subject of the halo-chaos control in beam transport networks （channels） has become a key concerned issue for many important applications of high-current proton beam since 1990＇. In this paper, the magnetic field adaptive control based on the neural network with time-delayed feedback is proposed for suppressing beam halo-chaos in the beam transport network with periodic focusing channels. The envelope radius of high-current proton beam is controlled to reach the matched beam radius by suitably selecting the control structure and parameter of the neural network, adjusting the delayed-time and control coefficient of the neural network.

Controlling Beam Halo-Chaos via Time-Delayed Feedback

The study of controlling high-current proton beam halo-chaos has become a key concerned issue for manyimportant applications. In this paper, time-delayed feedback control method is proposed for beam halo-chaos. Particle incell simulation results show that the method is very effective and has some advantages for high-current beam experimentsand engineering.

Optimization of time-delayed feedback control of seismically excited building structures

An optimization method for time-delayed feedback control of partially observable linear building structures subjected to seismic excitation is proposed. A time-delayed control problem of partially observable linear building structure under horizontal ground acceleration excitation is formulated and converted into that of completely observable linear structure by using separation principle. The time-delayed control forces are approximately expressed in terms of control forces without time delay. The control system is then governed by Itoe stochastic differential equations for the conditional means of system states and then transformed into those for the conditional means of modal energies by using the stochastic averaging method for quasi-Hamiltonian systems. The control law is assumed to be modal velocity feedback control with time delay and the unknown control gains are determined by the modal performance indices. A three-storey building structure is taken as example to illustrate the proposal method and the numerical results are confirmed by using Monte Carlo simulation.

Delay-dependent H-infinity control for continuous time-delay systems via state feedback

The delay-dependent H-infinity analysis and H-infinity control problems for continuous time-delay systems are studied. By introducing an equality with some free weighting matrices, an improved criterion of delay-dependent stability with H-infinity performance for such systems is presented, and a criterion of existence and some design methods of delay-dependent H-infinity controller for such systems are proposed in term of a set of matrix inequalities, which is solved efficiently by an iterative algorithm. Further, the corresponding results for the delay-dependent robust H-infinity analysis and robust H-infinity control problems for continuous time-delay uncertain systems are given. Finally, two numerical examples are given to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method by comparing with the other existing results.

Global output feedback control of feedforward nonlinear time-delay systems with unknown growth rate and unknown measurement sensitivity

This paper discusses the problem of global state regulation via output feedback for a class of feedforward nonlinear time-delay systems with unknown measurement sensitivity. Different from previous works, the nonlinear terms are dominated by upper triangular linear unmeasured (delayed) states multiplied by unknown growth rate. The unknown growth rate is composed of an unknown constant, a power function of output, and an input function. Furthermore, due to the measurement uncertainty of the system output, it is more difficult to solve this problem. It is proved that the presented output feedback controller can globally regulate all states of the nonlinear systems using the dynamic gain scaling technique and choosing the appropriate Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals.

Experimental studies on active control of a dynamic system via a time-delayed absorber

The traditional passive absorber is fully effective within a narrow and certain frequency band.To solve this problem,a time-delayed acceleration feedback is introduced to convert a passive absorber into an active one.Both the inherent and the intentional time delays are included.The former mainly comes from signal acquiring and processing,computing,and applying the actuation force,and its value is fixed.The latter is introduced in the controller,and its value is actively adjustable.Firstly,the mechanical model is established and the frequency response equations are obtained.The regions of stability are delineated in the plane of control parameters.Secondly,the design scheme of control parameters is performed to help select the values of the feedback gain and time delay.Thirdly,the experimental studies are conducted.Effects of both negative and positive feedback control are investigated.Experimental results show that the proper choices of control parameters may broaden the effective frequency band of vibration absorption.Moreover,the time-delayed absorber greatly suppresses the resonant response of the primary system when the passive absorber totally fails.The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions and numerical simulations.

New type of adaptive control for a class of distributed time-delay systems with adaptation regard to delay parameter

The problem on stabilization for the system with distributed delays is researched. The distributed time-delay under consideration is assumed to be a constant time-delay, but not known exactly. A design method is proposed for a memory proportional and integral （PI） feedback controller with adaptation to distributed time-delay. The feedback controller with memory simultaneously contains the current state and the past distributed information of the addressed systems. The design for adaptation law to distributed delay is very concise. The controller can be derived by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities （LMIs）. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the design method.

Effects of time-delayed vibration absorber on bandwidth of beam for low broadband vibration suppression

The effects of time-delayed vibration absorber(TDVA) on the dynamic characteristics of a flexible beam are investigated. First, the vibration suppression effect of a single TDVA on a continuous beam is studied. The first optimization criterion is given,and the results show that the introduction of time-delayed feedback control(TDFC) is beneficial to improving the vibration suppression at the anti-resonance band. When a single TDVA is used, the anti-resonance is located at a specific frequency by the optimum design of TDFC parameters. Then, in order to obtain low-frequency and broad bands for vibration suppression, multiple TDVAs are uniformly distributed on a continuous beam,and the relationship between the dynamic responses and the TDFC parameters is investigated. The obtained relationship shows that the TDVA has a significant regulatory effect on the vibration behavior of the continuous beam. The effects of the number of TDVAs and the nonlinearity on the bandgap variation are discussed. As the multiple TDVAs are applied, according to the different requirements on the location and bandwidth of the effective vibration suppression band, the optimization criteria for the TDFC parameters are given, which provides guidance for the applications of TDVAs in practical projects such as bridge and aerospace.

H-infinity output feedback control for descriptor systems with delayed states

This paper considers the H-infinity dynamic output feedback control for descriptor systems with delay in states. The controller is a descriptor system without delay. Several equivalent sufficient conditions for the existence of one descriptor dynamic controller without impulsive models are given. Furthermore the explicit expression of the desired controller is obtained. The detailed design of the controller is presented using the cone complementarity linearization iterative algorithm and the LMI method. A ntumerical example is shown to illustrate the designed method.

Optimal Control for Time-Delay Bilinear Systems with Sinusoidal Disturbances

This paper considers the optimal control problem for time-delay bilinear systems affected by sinusoidal disturbances with known frequency and measurable amplitude and phase. Firstly, using the differential homeomorphism, a time-delay bilinear system affected by sinusoidal disturbances is changed to a time-delay pseudo linear system through the coordinate transformation. Then the system with time-delay in control variable is transformed to a linear controllable system without delay using model transformation. At last based on the theory of linear quadratic optimal control, an optimal control law which is used to eliminate the influence of the disturbances is derived from a Riccati equation and Matrix equations. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the method.

单相级联H桥整流器电压平衡与纹波抑制策略研究

对传统单相级联H桥整流器主电路加以改进,增加了功率解耦桥臂,建立了数学模型,并对电压平衡和纹波抑制策略进行了研究。首先,整体回路采用双闭环控制,通过二阶广义积分方法优化了基波信号的提取方案;其次,对系统功率平衡关系进行推导,建立网侧电流和电容电压平方的一次关系模型,并引入可变比例环节,有效提升系统抵御参数变化的鲁棒性;然后,采用独立式Buck型有源功率解耦控制策略,通过运算实时分配解耦桥臂开关管占空比,设计自适应选频器分离二次纹波信号,实现对直流母线二次纹波电压脉动的抑制。最后,基于Matlab/Simulink软件进行试验验证,所提方法能够有效地解决电压平衡和二次纹波功率抑制问题。

Control and Stabilization of Chaotic System Based on Linear Feedback Control Method

In this paper, two kinds of chaotic systems are controlled respectively with and without time-delay to eliminate their chaotic behaviors. First of all, according to the first-order approximation method and the stabilization condition of the linear system, one linear feedback controller is structured to control the chaotic system without time-delay, its chaotic behavior is eliminated and stabilized to its equilibrium. After that, based on the first-order approximation method, the Lyapunov stability theorem, and the matrix inequality theory, the other linear feedback controller is structured to control the chaotic system with time-delay and make it stabilized at its equilibrium. Finally, two numerical examples are given to illustrate the correctness and effectiveness of the two linear feedback controllers.

基于模糊双反馈的高速列车主动控制策略

为提高高速列车主动悬挂控制系统的精度,提出了一种基于差分进化(DE)改进的灰狼算法(GWO)的高速列车主动悬挂模糊双反馈主动控制策略。该策略基于高速列车主动悬挂系统垂向六自由度模型,采用了具有双反馈机制的模糊PID控制器,并用DE-GWO算法调整PID参数,该算法通过采用差分进化机制防止算法过早收敛。将采用改进灰狼算法优化后的模糊双反馈PID控制器与被动悬挂系统、PID控制器和优化前的模糊PID控制器进行比较,结果显示该控制策略使主动悬挂的加速度均方根值优化了45.80%,垂向平稳性指标降低至1.515,平稳性提高了25.07%。所提主动控制策略应用在高速列车主动悬挂系统时的垂向振动控制效果显著,可有效改善高速列车运行均衡性。

Bifurcation control of solid angle car-following model through a time-delay feedback method

In order to alleviate unstable factor-caused bifurcation and reduce oscillations in traffic flow,a feedback control with consideration of time delay is designed for the solid angle model(SAM).The stability and bifurcation condition of the new SAM is derived through linear analysis and bifurcation analysis,and then accurate range of stable region is obtained.In order to explore the mechanism of the influence of multiple parameter combinations on the stability of controlled systems,a definite integral stabilization method is provided to determine the stable interval of time delay and feedback gain.Numerical simulations are explored to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model,which also demonstrate that feedback gain and delay are two key factors to alleviate traffic congestion in the SAM.

Delay-dependent H_(2)/H_(∞) Control for Vehicle Magneto-rheological Semi-active Suspension

The exist researches of the magneto-rheological semi-active suspension(MSAS) control mainly focus on the design of control laws,which aim at obtaining an optimal control strategy to improve the ride comfort and handling stability.In the controller design,the stability of the MSAS system cannot be confirmed owing to the control input time delay considered little.In this paper,a quarter vehicle MSAS model with time-delay is built.Therefore,through formulating the sprung mass acceleration suitably as the optimization object,suspension deflection and tyre dynamic load and coulomb damping force as the constraint objects,with considering the control input time-delay,a delay-dependent state feedback H2/H∞ controller is designed.According to Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional theory,the sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability and the existence of delay-dependent H2/H∞ controller are obtained,and the controller design is transformed into the minimization problem for linear function through linear matrix inequality(LMI).Random road excitation simulations and experiments are carried out.The simulation and experiment results show that the design can preserve the closed-loop stability and achieve the performances for MSAS system in spite of the existence of the control input time-delay.The present study can provide an important basis and method for research on time-delay problem in MSAS and other chassis subsystems.

采用状态扩展MPC与转角补偿的无人车路径跟踪控制

采用传统模型预测控制(MPC)的无人车难以同时保证路径跟踪精度和实时性,针对此问题,本文设计了一种采用状态扩展MPC与转角补偿的路径跟踪控制器。建立了车辆三自由度动力学模型,设计了基于状态扩展的双反馈MPC控制器,并根据车速调整控制器参数;建立了车辆-道路跟踪模型,根据车辆横向和航向偏差设计了转角补偿模糊控制器;利用MATLAB/Simulink和Carsim软件对所设计的路径跟踪控制器进行联合仿真分析。结果表明:相比采用传统MPC控制器的车辆,在中、低车速下,状态扩展MPC控制器的控制增量求解时间平均值降低14%以上,路径跟踪控制器跟踪道路的横向和航向偏差最大值分别降低23%和17%以上,具有较好的路径跟踪性能。

利用CNC多维约束的S型速度规划

经典控制模型中存在时间过耦合,而速度规划与实时轨迹控制都与时间关联,导致实时计算量、规划与控制协调性等不足的问题,提出利用CNC多维约束的S型速度规划方法.首先建立双重反馈的控制模型,内反馈继承经典控制模型将时间反馈到控制器,外反馈将非时间反馈到规划器;然后将影响速度规划的因素分为时间相关与时间无关,与时间相关因素在控制器中实时控制,与时间无关因素在规划器中进行非时间速度规划;在规划器中建立基于轨迹路径长度、轨迹几何特性、运动参数以及程序行号等信息的多维约束模型;最后以路径长度代替时间作为运动参考量,结合多维约束模型,考虑轨迹的几何特性与路径长度映射关系,使轨迹特性与非时间建立具有空间性关联.通过MATLAB仿真对控制模型的抗干扰能力进行验证,并通过CODESYS软件编程和实验的结果表明,所提方法是可行和有效的.

考虑购物体验的双渠道供应链演化行为及混沌控制

针对现有考虑购物体验的双渠道供应链博弈模型,从多周期动态演化的角度分析价格调整速度、购物体验水平等决策参数对产品价格、企业利润和系统稳定性的影响,探究系统从稳定状态进入混沌状态的演化行为,并对混沌系统进行有效控制。研究表明:价格调整速度过快会导致博弈系统和企业利润陷入混沌状态;零售商的价格调整速度不会影响制造商的价格决策,但会影响制造商的利润;购物体验水平的增加对制造商有利,对网络零售商不利,对实体零售商则存在1个最优解;延迟反馈控制法能够有效控制混沌系统,使其重返稳定状态。该研究是对考虑购物体验的双渠道供应链系统稳定性理论证明的一个有效补充和拓展。