Feasibility and Diagnostic Accuracy for Assessment of Coronary Artery Stenosis of Prospectively Electrocardiogram-gated High-pitch Spiral Acquisition Mode Dual-source CT Coronary Angiography in Patients with Relatively Higher Heart Rates: in Comparison wit

Objective To prospectively investigate the diagnostic accuracy for coronary artery stenosis of prospectively electrocardiogram-triggered spiral acquisition mode (high pitch mode) dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) in patients with relatively higher heart rates (HR) compared with catheter coronary angiography (CCA). Methods Forty-seven consecutive patients with relatively higher HR (>65 and <100 bpm) (20 male, 27 female; age 55±10 years) who both underwent dual-source CTCA and CCA were prospectively included in this study. All patients were performed CTCA using high pitch mode setting at 20%-30% of the R-R interval for the image acquisition. All coronary segments were evaluated by two blinded and independent observers with regard to image quality on a three-point scale (1: excellent to 3: non-diagnostic) and for the presence of significant coronary stenoses (defined as diameter narrowing exceeding 50%). Considered CCA as the standard of reference, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. Radiation dose values were calculated using the dose-length product. Results Image quality was rated as being score 1 in 92.4% of segments, score 2 in 6.1% of segmentsand score 3 in 1.5% of segments. The average image quality score per segment was 1.064±0.306. The HR variability of patients with image score 1, 2 and 3 were 2.29±1.06 bpm, 5.17±1.37 bpm, 8.88±1.53 bpm, respectively. The average HR variability of patients with different image scores were significantly different (F=170.402, P=0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 92.6%, 97.0%, 87.6%, 98.3%, respectively, per segment and 90.0%, 95.2%, 85.3%, 96.9%, respectively, per vessel and 100%, 63.6%, 90.0%, 100%, respectively, per patient. The effective radiation dose was on average 0.86±0.16 mSv. Conclusion In patients with HR more than 65 bpm and below 100 bpm without cardiac arrhythmia, the prospectively electrocardiogram-gated high-pitch spiral acquisition mode with image acquired timing set at 20%-30% of the R-R interval provides a high diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of coronary stenoses combined with a 1.5% of non-diagnostic coronary segments and a radiation dose below 1 mSv.

Intravenous Contrast Material Administration at High-pitch Dual-source CT Coronary Angiography: Bolus-tracking Technique with Shortened Time of Respiratory Instruction Versus Test Bolus Technique

Objective To investigate the feasibility of acquiring the similar homogeneous enhancement using bolus-tracking techniques with shortened respiratory time in prospectively electrocardiogram-gated high-pitch spiral acquisition mode (Flash mode) coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) compared with test bolus technique. Methods One hundred and eighty-four consecutive patients with mean heart rate ≤65 beats per minute undergoing CCTA were prospectively included in this study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the group A (n=92) instructed to shorten respiratory time received CCTA using bolus-tracking technique with high-pitch spiral acquisition mode (Flash mode), while those in the group B (n=92) underwent CCTA with test bolus technique. The attenuation in the ascending aorta, image noise, contrast-to-noise ratio and radiation doses of the two groups were assessed. Results There were no significant differences in the mean attenuation values in the ascending aorta (483.18±59.07 HU vs. 498.7±83.51 HU, P=0.183), image noise (21.4±4.5 HU vs. 20.9±4.3 HU, P=0.414), contrast-to-noise ratio (12.1±4.2 vs. 13.8±5.1, P=0.31) between the groups A and B. There were no significant differences in the radiation dose of dynamic monitoring scans (0.056±0.026 mSv vs. 0.062±0.018 mSv, P=0.068) and radiation dose of angiography (0.94±0.07 mSv vs. 0.96±0.15 mSv,P=0.926) between the two groups, while 15 mL less contrast material volume was administered in the group A than the group B. Conclusion Bolus-tracking technique with shortened time of respiratory in Flash mode of dual-source CT yields the similar homogeneous enhancement with less contrast material in comparison to the test bolus technique.

Truncus arteriosus:Diagnosis with dual-source computed tomography angiography and low radiation dose

Truncus arteriosus is an uncommon congenital cardiac abnormality which is characterized by a single arterial trunk origin from the heart that supplies both the systemic,pulmonary and coronary circulation.We present a preterm newborn female patient with type 2 truncusarteriosus,left superior vena cava and aberrant subclavian artery diagnosed with low dose dual-source cardiac computed tomography(CT).We discuss that low dose dual-source cardiac CT has more advantages than other imaging methods and it is an important modality for assessment of patients with conotruncal anomalies such as truncusarteriosus.

High Prevalence of Anatomical Variations and Anomalies of the Coronary Arteries Detected by CT Angiography in Symptomatic Patients

Objective:Coronary artery anatomical variations and anomalies are an important topic due to their potential clinical manifestations.This study aims to investigate the prevalence of coronary artery anatomical variations and anomalies in symptomatic patients with coronary computed tomography angiography(CCTA).Methods:This is a retrospective study that included all symptomatic patients who had CCTA in a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia during a period of seven years.Results:The total number of included patients was 507(60%males)with a mean age of 57.4 years.Approximately 41%had luminal stenoses,averaging 49.7%.The total num-ber of patients with coronary anatomical variations(CAV)and coronary artery anomalies(CAA)was 217(43%).CAV prevalence was 26%,which included 14%non-right coronary dominance,5%short left main coronary artery(LMCA),and 7%division variations(trifurcation and quadrifurcarion)of the LMCA.The prevalence of CAA was 29%,which included 5%origin anomalies,22%myocardial bridge,and 2%course anomalies.Conclusions:A high prevalence of coronary artery anatomic variations and anomalies in symptomatic patients is reported in this study.Systematic reviews,meta-analyses,reporting guidelines,and unified definitions and classifications of cor-onary variations and anomalies are lacking in the literature,presenting potential opportunities for future research and publications.

Exploration the Method of Low Dose Coronary Artery Imaging with Dual-Source CT

Objective: On the premise that the image quality meets the requirements of clinical diagnosis, we explored the methods to reduce the radiation dose of coronary artery imaging with Dual-Source CT (DSCT). Methods: We randomly selected 200 patients with coronary heat disease (BIM 0.05). The average image noise in group A is (41.76 ± 7.98) HU, in group B the average image noise is (43.97 ± 3.88) HU, the dif- ference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The average CTDIvol of group A and B were (20.63 ± 2.24) mGy, (38.11 ± 10.69) mGy, respectively, then P <0.01. The average DLP of group A and B are (235.75 ± 28.64) mGycm and (492.59 ± 125.49) mGycm respectively, then P <0.01, the dif- ference of radiation dose had statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusions: For coronary artery imaging with DSCT the heart electric pulse (AUTO) regulation technology can meet the diagnostic requirements and effectively reduce the radiation dose.

Application of Dual-Source CT TurboFlash Coarse Pitch Scanning in Coronary Artery Imaging

Objective: To compare and analyze the image quality and radiation dose of three scanning modes of dual-source CT coronary artery retrospectively, and to discuss the application value of TurboFlash coarse pitch scanning mode. Methods: The imaging data of 100 patients who underwent CT coronary angiography (CCTA) using Siemens force CT retrospective gated triggering spiral scan (RES-SPIRAL), adaptive prospective gated triggering sequence scan (SEQ) and prospective coarse pitch scan (TurboFlash) retrospectively was collected. The image quality was evaluated by objective and subjective methods. The effective radiation dose of patients was compared and analyzed, and the indications of the three scanning modes were analyzed. The application value of dual-source CT TurboFlash coarse pitch scanning in coronary artery imaging was evaluated. Results: The results showed that the left main coronary artery, the right coronary artery and their tertiary branches could be clearly displayed in the three groups of images: the left anterior descending branch, the left circumflex branch, and their three-level branches. There was no statistical difference in subjective image quality among the three groups of pictures (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in objective evaluation indexes, such as CT value, SNR, CNR and Noise among the three groups (P > 0.05). The patient radiation dose results showed that the effective radiation dose ED of RES-SPIRA scan was (9.22 ± 1.33) mSv. The dose of SEQ was (2.88 ± 2.47) mSv, and the dose of TurboFlash was (0.51 ± 0.16) mSv. There was significant difference in comparison of the three groups (P 0.05). RES-spiral scanning had the highest radiation dose and TurboFlash coarse pitch scanning (TurboFlash) had the lowest radiation dose. Conclusion: TurboFlash coarse pitch scanning is low in dosage, fast in speed and wide in adaptability. It is especially suitable for the elderly, children, coma and other patients who cannot cooperate with breath-holding examination, as well as for the screening and examination of coronary artery diseases in asymptomatic population. Undoubtedly, it is a worthy method of heart coronary artery examination.

Correlation between C-reactive Protein and Morphology of Aortic Intramural Hematoma on CT Angiography

Objectives To investigate the morphologic characteristics of intramural hematoma(IMH)on CT angiography(CTA),and evaluate the possible correlation of serum C-reactive protein(CRP)with morphologic characteristics of IMH.Material and Methods Forty-two patients who were initially diagnosed as IMH by aortic CTA and also had serum CRP examination on the same day of CTA were enrolled in this retrospective study,including 30 males and 12 females,with the mean age of 61±14 years old.The volumetric CT data were retrospectively processed and analyzed on post-processing workstation.Based on the thickness of IMH and the length-area curve,the crosssectional area of true lumen and total vessel were measured,the hematoma-vessel ratio(HVR)was calculated.Imaging characteristics were compared between patients who had pathological elevated CRP(>0.8 mg/dl)and those did not.Spearman correlation analyses of CRP level and morphological characteristics of IMH were performed,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic validity of CRP.Results Of all 42 IMH patients,the mean serum CRP was 3.94±4.71 mg/dl,and the mean HVR was 46.7%±14.2%.HVR in patients with elevated CRP was significantly higher than those with normal CRP(49.7%±15.0%vs.40.7%±10.5%,P=0.030).HVR was mildly correlated with CRP in all patients(r=0.48,P<0.001).CRP levels differed neither between patients with Stanford type A and B(P=0.207),nor between patients with and without intimal disruption(P=0.230).To discriminate HVR>47%(the mean value),the area under curve(AUC)were 0.700(95%CI:0.535-0.865)for CRP at a cutoff point of 3.55 mg/dl,with a sensitivity of 54.5%and a specificity of 90.0%.Conclusion CRP was mildly correlated with the severity of cross-sectional hematoma area of IMH,but not with Stanford types and the presence of intimal disruption.

优化双下肢动脉能谱CT血管造影成像方案

目的优化双下肢动脉能谱CT血管造影(CTA)成像方案。方法回顾性分析30例疑诊双下肢动脉硬化性闭塞症(ASO)患者双下肢动脉能谱CTA资料,经重建获得40~80 keV(间隔5 keV)单能量(共9种)及100 kVp混合能量图像,对比双下肢动脉在不同图像中的CT值、噪声(SD)值、信噪比(SNR)及对比度噪声比(CNR);针对50、60 keV单能量和100 kVp混合能量图像质量及血管节段的可诊断性进行主观评估,观察40、45、50、60 keV单能量和100 kVp混合能量图像的自动去骨能力。结果40~80 keV范围内,随keV升高,各动脉在图像中的CT值、SD值、SNR及CNR均逐渐降低。相比100 kVp,腘动脉(PA)及其近端动脉的CT值、CNR及SNR均在40~55 keV图像中升高(P均<0.05);50~55 keV图像中SD值升高(P均<0.05),而60 keV图像中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。50及60 keV图像质量主观评分及可诊断动脉节段数与100 kVp差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。PA以远节段的SNR及CNR在各单能量图像及100 kVp图像中差异均无统计学意义,其CT值在40~45 keV图像中、SD在40 keV图像中均高于100 kVp(P均<0.05),但SD在45 keV与100 kVp图像中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);50 keV图像中,PA以远节段图像质量主观评分及可诊断节段数均高于60 keV及100 kVp(P均<0.05)。40 keV图像对9例(9/30,30.00%)、45 keV图像对6例(6/30,20.00%)不能自动去骨,50及60 keV、100 kVp对30例(30/30,100%)均可自动去骨。结论行双下肢动脉能谱CTA时,对PA及其近端节段以60 keV单能量成像较佳,对其以远或双下肢全程则以50 keV单能量成像较佳。

多期CT血管成像对急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗短期预后的价值

目的:探讨多期CT血管成像对急性缺血性卒中(AIS)血管内治疗短期预后的价值。方法:回顾性分析183例接受血管内治疗的AIS患者,按随访90 d改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分分为预后良好(mRS评分≤2)组和预后不良(mRS评分>2)组。通过改良Tan评分评估多期CT血管成像显示的侧支循环情况,侧支循环不良为闭塞大脑中动脉区域的侧支循环小于对侧1/2,侧支循环良好为闭塞大脑中动脉区域的侧支循环大于对侧1/2。采用多变量logistic回归,曲线下面积(AUC)评价模型性能,DeLong检验比较AUC间的差异。结果:Logistic回归显示,较低入院NIHSS评分和动脉晚期侧支循环良好是AIS患者短期预后良好的独立预测因素,AUC分别为0.72(0.65~0.79)和0.75(0.68~0.81)。两者联合时AUC可达0.79,显著高于单一预测因素(DeLong检验,均P<0.05)。结论:动脉晚期侧支循环良好和较低入院NIHSS评分是血管内治疗短期预后良好的独立预测因素。联合预测模型具有较高的诊断效能,可为临床治疗方案选择提供参考。

CT血管成像对ACI患者颈动脉狭窄程度及侧支循环的价值研究

目的分析、探究CT血管成像技术在ACI患者颈动脉狭窄、侧支循环等病情诊断方面的成效。方法对我院2021.3-2022.3月期间收治的100例急性脑梗死(ACI)患者一般病理资料进行回顾性分析,以数字减影血管造影(DSA)结果为诊断金标准,对CT血管成像技术(CTA)的诊断价值进行分析,以临床出具的数字减影血管造影(DSA)结果为金标准,分析CT血管成像技术(CTA)在临床上的诊断价值,评估此技术在临床诊断中的效能。结果与临床金标准相比,CTA诊断技术具有较高的临床评估价值[Kappa>0.8~1.0,曲线下面积(AUC)>0.9,P<0.01];CTA诊断技术在评估颈动脉狭窄程度等方面与临床金标准具有一定的一致性[Kappa>0.6~0.8,曲线下面积(AUC)>0.7~0.9,P<0.01];而在评估侧支循环临床诊断中,CTA诊断技术与临床金标准具有一致性,具有较高的评估价值[Kappa>0.8~1.0,曲线下面积(AUC)>0.9,P<0.01]。结论以临床“金标准”的诊断结果为依据分析,CTA诊断技术能够对ACI患者出现病变的血管形态及侧支循环状态等进行全面的评估,CTA诊断结果可为治疗工作提供准确性相对较高且客观的医学依据,确实是评估ACI患者颈动脉狭窄程度、侧支循环状态的可靠办法;而与DSA技术相比,CTA与之具有较高的一致性,说明在病情发作早期为ACI患者实施CTA检查可获悉颈动脉的狭窄及侧支循环状态,有利于改善患者群体的预后。

基于人工智能的“三低”冠状动脉CTA影像质量和辐射剂量研究

目的探讨基于人工智能(AI)影像后处理的“三低”(低剂量对比剂、对比剂低流率及低辐射剂量)冠状动脉CTA(CCTA)技术的影像质量和辐射剂量。方法前瞻性纳入疑似冠心病病人60例,平均年龄(56.3±3.9)岁。将病人随机分为行“三低”CCTA检查的研究组(30例)和行常规CCTA检查的对照组(30例)。根据Likert分级评分法对冠状动脉主支血管[包括左主干(LM)、左前降支(LAD)、左回旋支(LCX)及右冠状动脉(RCA)]进行影像质量主观评分。测量升主动脉(AA)、LM、LAD中段(mLAD)、LCX近端(pLCX)、RCA中段(mRCA)、右冠状动脉远段(dRCA)管腔及邻近脂肪CT值和噪声(SD)值,以及右心室(RV)及右侧心膈角区脂肪的CT值和SD值,并计算信噪比(SNR)和对比噪声比(CNR)。采用卡方检验或独立样本t检验比较2组病人一般资料、影像质量主观评分和评价指标,以及辐射剂量的差异。结果2组间LM、LAD、LCX、RCA影像质量主观评分的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。相比对照组,研究组AA、LM、mLAD、pLCX、mRCA、dRCA管腔CT值分别提高了32.5%、8.6%、11.7%、11.2%、9.2%和2.1%;2组RV的CT值、SNR、CNR的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。研究组的容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)、剂量长度乘积(DLP)、有效辐射剂量(ED)均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论基于AI影像后处理的“三低”CCTA可保证冠状动脉影像质量,且降低了辐射剂量,用于冠心病筛查具有很好的临床可行性。

经头颈部CTA联合三维重建技术用于脑血管疾病动脉狭窄的诊断价值

目的分析经头颈部CT血管造影(CTA)联合三维重建技术对脑血管疾病的特点及对脑血管疾病动脉狭窄的诊断作用。方法选择我院在2021年8月至2022年8月期间收治的脑血管疾病动脉狭窄患者118例进行观察,所有患者均进行经头颈部CTA检查,将获取的图像,完成最大密度投影和血管三维重建,将数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查结果作为“金标准”,分析经头颈部CTA联合三维重建的诊断特点,对脑血管疾病动脉狭窄患者的诊断价值。结果以DSA检查结果作为“金标准”,经头颈部CTA联合三维重建技术对脑血管动脉狭窄患者的灵敏度、特异度、准确率、阳性及阴性预测值更高,118例脑血管动脉狭窄患者显示982条血管,经头颈部CTA联合三维重建技术与DSA检查的符合率为86.97%(854/982),118例脑血管动脉狭窄患者显示颅内侧支动脉1422条,经头颈部CTA联合三维重建技术与DSA检查的符合率为97.54%(1387/1422)。结论针对脑血管疾病动脉狭窄患者,以经头颈部CTA联合三维重建技术进行检查,对患者血管病变的分布情况、动脉狭窄程度的检查效果较好,能够有效分辨患者侧支循环等级,为后续的治疗提供参考依据。

GE256排冠状动脉CT血管成像中常规呼吸训练与特殊呼吸训练对质控影响的探讨

目的:研究GE256排Revolution冠状动脉CT血管成像(coronary computed tomography angiography,CCTA)中患者常规训练呼吸与特殊训练呼吸对心率、图像质量和辐射剂量的影响。方法:应用前瞻性心电门控技术扫描,结合冠状动脉追踪冻结技术(SSF)行CCTA检查。共纳入108例患者,分为两组,A组54例患者采取特殊训练呼吸训练方式,B组54例患者行常规训练呼吸,对两组的心率、图像质量、辐射剂量进行统计学分析。结果:A组患者心率慢于B组(P<0.05,t=2.14);A组患者的3支冠状动脉主干(右冠状动脉,左前降支,左回旋支)图像质量显著优于B组(Fisher's exact P=0.010);两组之间的辐射剂量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在GE256排Revolution CCTA检查中,特殊呼吸训练在提高CCTA图像质量方面具有重要价值。

人工智能诊断系统及CT无创血流储备分数在评估高海拔地区 冠脉临界病变中的应用

目的探讨基于冠状动脉CT血管成像(CCTA)的人工智能(AI)诊断系统及CT无创血流储备分数(CT-FFR)在评估高海拔地区冠状动脉临界病变结构及功能学中的应用价值。方法前瞻性收集2022年1月~2023年10月青海大学附属医院冠心病临界病变患者164例,按居住地海拔进行分组,其中2000~3000m为A组(n=83),3000m以上为B组(n=81),再将两组患者按冠脉狭窄程度细分为50%~60%亚组(n=84)和61%~70%亚组(n=80)。将患者冠状动脉CT血管成像数据导入AI辅助诊断及CT-FFR测量系统,以冠脉造影及冠脉传统血流储备分数(FFR)为金标准,分别评价AI及CT-FFR在高海拔地区冠脉临界病变诊断中的应用。结果以FFR为金标准,CT-FFR与FFR的一致性为83.75%。B组钙化斑块、易损斑块高于A组(P=0.037、0.020);B组冠状动脉多支病变、61%~70%狭窄程度发生率均高于A组(P<0.05);A组、B组在61%~70%亚组钙化斑块、易损斑块发生率均高于50%~60%亚组(P<0.05)。B组CT-FFR值低于A组(0.76±0.04 vs 0.88±0.05,P<0.01);A、B两组在61%~70%亚组CT-FFR值≤0.80、<0.70的发生率高于50%~60%亚组(P<0.05)。结论AI诊断系统及CT-FFR对评估高海拔地区冠状动脉临界病变的结构特征及血流动力学改变的结果与冠脉造影、FFR一致性高,具有较高的诊断敏感度和特异度。

冠状动脉CT血管造影预测冠心病患者发生左心室重构及远期心血管不良事件的价值

目的分析冠状动脉CT血管造影预测冠心病患者发生左心室重构及远期心血管不良事件的价值。方法选取郑州大学第一附属医院2021年1月至2022年7月诊治的120例冠心病患者,随访1 a,根据左心室重构发生情况分为左心室重构组(26例)、无左心室重构组(94例),根据心血管不良事件发生情况分为发生组(24例)、未发生组(96例)。比较不同组别患者冠状动脉CT血管造影结果,分析冠状动脉CT血管造影预测冠心病患者发生左心室重构及远期心血管不良事件的价值。结果左心室重构组、无左心室重构组在冠状动脉管腔狭窄程度和高危斑块特征方面的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。发生组、未发生组斑块总体积、钙化斑块体积、非钙化斑块体积、病变长度、斑块负荷比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析显示,冠状动脉CT血管造影在预测冠心病患者发生左心室重构及远期心血管不良事件中具有较高的价值。结论冠状动脉CT血管造影在预测冠心病患者发生左心室重构及远期心血管不良事件中具有较高的价值。

人工智能在头颈CTA图像后处理和诊断头颈动脉狭窄中的应用价值

目的:探讨人工智能(AI)对头颈动脉CTA图像后处理和诊断头颈动脉狭窄的中的价值。方法:回顾性收集2022年11月至2023年10月42例均行头颈CTA和头颈动脉数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查患者的影像学资料。图像后处理及诊断分为AI组和人工组,对比两组在图像后处理用时和图像质量主观评分及识别头颈动脉斑块性质(钙化斑块、非钙化斑块和混合性斑块)的差异。以DSA结果为金标准,对比两组在诊断头颈动脉狭窄的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确率差异,并将两组诊断结果与DSA结果进行一致性Kappa检验;采用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)分析AI组和人工组对头颈动脉狭窄的诊断效能,并采用Z检验比较其差异。结果:AI组后处理及诊断用时为(366.48±18.54)s,较人工组(1291.63±52.27)s缩短了约71.65%,差异有统计学意义;两种方法得到图像质量主观评分差异无统计学意义。人工组共识别头颈动脉斑块145个,AI组共识别头颈动脉斑块145个,其中AI组准确识别不同性质斑块141个,总准确率为97.24%(141/145)。AI组与人工组对识别头颈动脉钙化斑块、非钙化斑块及混合性斑块差异均无统计学意义,且两组识别斑块性质的一致性较好(Kappa=0.845)。AI组诊断头颈动脉狭窄的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确率分别为87.09%(27/31)、81.82%(9/11)、93.10%(27/29)、69.23%(9/13)和85.71%(36/42),与DSA诊断头颈动脉狭窄一致性较好(Kappa=0.792);人工组诊断头颈动脉狭窄的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确率分别为90.32%(28/31)、81.82%(9/11)、93.33%(28/30)、75.00%(9/12)和88.10%(37/42),与DSA诊断头颈动脉狭窄一致性较好(Kappa=0.801),并且两组诊断效能差异均无统计学意义。ROC曲线分析结果显示,AI组与人工组诊断头颈动脉狭窄的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.845和0.861,差异无统计学意义。结论:AI技术在头颈CTA图像后处理用时、评估头颈动脉狭窄及斑块性质识别方面具有较高的临床价值,可作为医师分析诊断头颈CTA的有效辅助工具。

CT血管造影联合血清尿素、胱抑素C、甘油三酯葡萄糖乘积指数对冠心病患者冠脉狭窄程度的诊断价值和斑块性质的关系

目的探讨CT血管造影(CTA)联合血清尿酸(UA)、胱抑素C(Cys C)、甘油三酯葡萄糖乘积(TyG)指数对冠心病(CHD)患者冠状动脉(以下简称冠脉)狭窄程度诊断价值和斑块性质的关系。方法选择2021年2月至2023年2月我院收治的129例CHD患者,所有患者均接受CTA检查获得血管体积、斑块体积、重建指数(RI)、斑块负荷等参数资料,检测血清UA、Cys C、甘油三酯及空腹血糖水平,并计算TyG指数。根据冠脉狭窄程度和斑块性质将CHD患者分为中度狭窄组和重度狭窄组,钙化斑块组和非钙化斑块组。比较不同冠脉狭窄程度和斑块性质CHD患者CTA参数和血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数的差异。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析CTA参数联合血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数对冠脉狭窄程度诊断价值。结果CHD组血管体积小于对照组(P<0.05),斑块负荷、血管狭窄程度、RI、CTA参数模型CTA'和血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数高于对照组(P<0.05)。重度狭窄组斑块负荷、血管狭窄程度、RI、CTA参数模型CTA'和血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数高于中度狭窄组(P<0.05),非钙化斑块组斑块负荷、RI和血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数高于钙化斑块组(P<0.05)。CTA参数(CTA')、血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数等4指标单独及联合应用时:ROC-AUC(0.95CI)分别为0.767(0.568~0.954)、0.703(0.432~0.963)、0.732(0.524~0.918)、0.741(0.560~0.914)、0.891(0.773~0.983)。联合应用诊断效能更高。结论CHD患者的血管体积减小,斑块负荷、血管狭窄程度、RI增加,血清UA、Cys-C、TyG指数均升高,与钙化斑块形成有关。CTA与血清UA、Cys C、TyG指数均可诊断冠脉狭窄程度,且联合诊断效能更高。

机器学习方法构建基于CT血管成像预测颅内动脉瘤破裂模型的研究

目的 探讨机器学习方法(LASSO回归)构建基于CT血管成像(CTA)预测颅内动脉瘤破裂模型的价值研究。方法收集133例颅内动脉瘤患者的临床资料和CTA检查结果,根据是否破裂分为破裂组(103例)和未破裂组(30例)。对比两组患者临床资料和CTA检查参数差异;分别使用Logistic回归和LASSO回归筛选与动脉瘤破裂相关的危险因素,再构建预测模型。结果与未破裂组患者相比,破裂组患者糖尿病史例数、不规则瘤体形态例数以及合并子囊例数较多、入射角度较高。单因素Logistic回归显示糖尿病史、瘤体形态合并子囊数、入射角度与动脉瘤破裂相关,使用这4个指标构建的模型其对动脉瘤破裂的预测效能中等,AUC值为0.766。LASSO回归筛选出糖尿病史、瘤形态、数量、宽度、入射夹角和子囊数均与颅内动脉瘤破裂显著相关,构建的模型其预测效能较高,AUC值为0.902。结论糖尿病史、瘤体形态,合并子囊、入射角度与动脉瘤破裂相关,LASSO回归构建的预测模型能较好地预测颅内动脉瘤破裂的风险。

CTP联合CTA对颅脑创伤病灶周围组织血流灌注的评估价值

目的CT灌注成像(CTP)联合CT血管成像(CTA)对颅脑创伤(TBI)病灶周围组织血流灌注的评估价值。方法回顾性分析我院80例TBI患者资料。所有患者均行CTP、CTA及数字减影血管造影术(DSA)检查,以手术病理及DSA为“金标准”,比较CTP和CTA对患者病灶的检出情况、病灶区和对侧区CTP参数[脑血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)、平均通过时间(MTT)、达峰时间(TTP)]值,分析CTA对TBI患者病灶周围血管狭窄程度的检出情况,采用Pearson相关系数分析CTP参数与GCS评分的相关性。结果80例患者中经手术病理诊断颅内损伤42例,轴外损伤28,颅脑深部损伤10例,CTP和CTA的临床检出率分别为96.25%、93.75%;病灶区CBV、CBF值均显著低于对侧区(P<0.05),MTT、TTP值均显著高于对侧区(P<0.05);80例患者经DSA诊断共检出89处血管狭窄,其中轻度狭窄45处,中度狭窄26处,重度狭窄15处,闭塞3处,CTA检测轻度中度、重度和闭塞血管的准确率分别为97.73%、82.14%、85.71%、100%,总准确率为91.01%;Pearson相关系数分析显示,GCS评分与CTP参数CBF、CBV呈显著正相关,与MTT、TTP呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论应用CTP和CTA可以较好地反馈TBI患者颅脑血流动力学和血管病变情况,两者联合检查可以为TBI患者临床诊断提供重要信息,以辅助临床治疗。

CTA/CTP评估在缺血性脑血管病介入治疗中的应用

目的探讨CT血管成像(CTA)/CT灌注成像(CTP)在缺血性脑血管病介入治疗中的应用价值。方法选取2021年1月至2023年9月我院收治的200例缺血性脑血管病患者,均在入院后接受CTA及CTP检查,分析其影像资料,探究CTA及CTP缺血性脑血管病介入治疗中的应用价值。结果脑血容量(CBV)比较:缺血半暗带>健侧>梗死区(P<0.05);脑血流量(CBF)比较:健侧>缺血半暗带>梗死区(P<0.05);平均通过时间(MTT)、目标组织中浓度达峰时间(TTP)、目标组织中所有残余功能全部达峰时间(Tmax)比较:健侧<缺血半暗带<梗死区(P<0.05)。CTA检出左侧、右侧大脑中动脉(MCA)闭塞或狭窄分别59例(29.50%)、91例(45.50%),左侧、右侧颈内动脉(ICA)闭塞分别16例(8.00%)、12例(6.00%),双侧ICA狭窄为6例(3.00%);代偿分支血管显影基本满意129例(64.50%),显影不足71例(35.50),其余16例(8.00%)患者CTA影像资料显示无异常,敏感度为92.00%。预后不良组患侧CBV、CBF小于预后良好组,MTT、TTP、Tmax长于预后良好组,代偿血管建立比例低于预后良好组(P<0.05)。采用受试者工作特征曲线分析显示,CBV、CBF、MTT、TTP、Tmax对介入治疗预后均有一定的预测效能(P<0.05),其曲线下面积分别为0.839、0.815、0.673、0.713、0.710,其中CBV预测效能最高,敏感性为83.20%,特异性为73.33%。结论CTA/CTP可反映大脑、颈内动脉狭窄或闭塞、代偿分支建立情况,也可反映血流灌注情况,在介入治疗合理时机的判断方面可提供准确依据,提高患者预后。