Ideal tissue engineering scaffolds need interconnected pores and high porosity to enable cell survival,migration,proliferation,and differentiation.However,obtaining a high-resolution structure is difficult with tradit...Ideal tissue engineering scaffolds need interconnected pores and high porosity to enable cell survival,migration,proliferation,and differentiation.However,obtaining a high-resolution structure is difficult with traditional one-temperature control fused deposition modeling(FDM).In this study,we propose a dual-temperature control method to improve printability.A numerical model is developed in which the viscosity is a function of temperature and shear rate to study the influence of two different temperature control modes.Quantitative tests are used to assess filament formation and shape fidelity,including one-dimensional filament printing,deposition at corners,fusion,and collapse.By using dual-temperature control,the width of the deposited poly(ε-caprolactone)filament is reduced to 50μm.The comparative results of both the experimental method and numerical simulation suggest that the dual-temperature control FDM can manufacture spatially arranged constructs and presents a promising application in tissue engineering。展开更多
In this paper,an ejector enhanced high-temperature heat pump with dual-pressure condensation and evaporation is proposed to improve the system performance.Theoretical analyses of the system operation characteristics a...In this paper,an ejector enhanced high-temperature heat pump with dual-pressure condensation and evaporation is proposed to improve the system performance.Theoretical analyses of the system operation characteristics are conducted using energetic and exergetic methods.The performance comparisons among the basic cycle,parallel compression cycle,and ejector enhanced cycle are conducted with six different refrigerants,including R245fa,R600a,R1234ze(Z),R1336mzz(Z),R1224yd(Z),and R1233zd(E).The results demonstrate that environmentally-friendly refrigerant R1234ze(Z)would be a promising alternative refrigerant.Compared with the basic cycle and parallel compression cycle at selected operation conditions,29.5%and 12.6%improvements in COP,and 16.7%and 11.1%higher system exergy efficiency are achieved in the ejector enhanced cycle on average.The volumetric heating capacity of the ejector enhanced cycle is increased by 15.7%–21.7%.The ejector enhanced cycle outperforms the other two cycles in high-temperature heat pump applications at the large temperature lift and temperature rise in the heat sink.The assessment offers an option to improve the energy utilization efficiency of the high-temperature heat pumps.展开更多
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52250006 and 52075482)the Starry Night Science Fund of Zhejiang University Shanghai Institute for Advanced Study(No.SNZJU-SIAS-004).
文摘Ideal tissue engineering scaffolds need interconnected pores and high porosity to enable cell survival,migration,proliferation,and differentiation.However,obtaining a high-resolution structure is difficult with traditional one-temperature control fused deposition modeling(FDM).In this study,we propose a dual-temperature control method to improve printability.A numerical model is developed in which the viscosity is a function of temperature and shear rate to study the influence of two different temperature control modes.Quantitative tests are used to assess filament formation and shape fidelity,including one-dimensional filament printing,deposition at corners,fusion,and collapse.By using dual-temperature control,the width of the deposited poly(ε-caprolactone)filament is reduced to 50μm.The comparative results of both the experimental method and numerical simulation suggest that the dual-temperature control FDM can manufacture spatially arranged constructs and presents a promising application in tissue engineering。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant No.51806160the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(CPSF)under grant No.2018M640982。
文摘In this paper,an ejector enhanced high-temperature heat pump with dual-pressure condensation and evaporation is proposed to improve the system performance.Theoretical analyses of the system operation characteristics are conducted using energetic and exergetic methods.The performance comparisons among the basic cycle,parallel compression cycle,and ejector enhanced cycle are conducted with six different refrigerants,including R245fa,R600a,R1234ze(Z),R1336mzz(Z),R1224yd(Z),and R1233zd(E).The results demonstrate that environmentally-friendly refrigerant R1234ze(Z)would be a promising alternative refrigerant.Compared with the basic cycle and parallel compression cycle at selected operation conditions,29.5%and 12.6%improvements in COP,and 16.7%and 11.1%higher system exergy efficiency are achieved in the ejector enhanced cycle on average.The volumetric heating capacity of the ejector enhanced cycle is increased by 15.7%–21.7%.The ejector enhanced cycle outperforms the other two cycles in high-temperature heat pump applications at the large temperature lift and temperature rise in the heat sink.The assessment offers an option to improve the energy utilization efficiency of the high-temperature heat pumps.
