Multiple thoracic and abdominal foregut duplication cysts:A case report

BACKGROUND Congenital enteric duplication cysts are tubular or cystic structures that normally lie alongside the gastrointestinal(GI)tract.Enteric duplication cysts are typically solitary lesions that occur anywhere near the GI tract from the neck to the rectum,but having multiple duplication cysts is rare,and presentation within the pancreas is extremely rare.CASE SUMMARY We herein demonstrate a case of esophageal,gastric,and gastric-type duplication cyst of the pancreas in a seventeen-month-old girl who presented with failure to thrive,abdominal pain,vomiting,hematemesis,and melena since the age of three months.The cysts were excised by thoracoscopy and laparoscopy in the same setting.To our knowledge,no such case has been published.CONCLUSION Enteric duplications can occur throughout the entire alimentary tract.When they occur in the pancreas,they present a formidable challenge in both diagnosis and treatment.Due to the risk of complications and malignant transformation,surgical removal is the recommended treatment of all duplication cysts.

Duplication of the Urethra in Boys: A Case Report

Supernumerary urethra in boys is a very rare anatomical entity. Sagittal urethral duplications are classified into four groups: epispadias, hypospadias, fusiform and Y-shaped urethra. The most widely used classification is that of Effmann and Lebowitz, which describes 6 types, one of the rarest being the ‘Y’ subtype IIA2, which corresponds to a duplicated urethral path from the vesical neck to an ectopic perineal or anal outlet. We report here the case of a 4-year-old child presenting with subtype IIA2 with a perineal orifice and no other urinary disorders.

Text duplication of papers in four medical related fields

Purpose:To reveal the typical features of text duplication in papers from four medical fields:basic medicine,health management,pharmacology and pharmacy,and public health and preventive medicine.To analyze the reasons for duplication and provide suggestions for the management of medical academic misconduct.Design/methodology/approach:In total,2,469 representative Chinese journal papers were included in our research,which were submitted by researchers in 2020 and 2021.A plagiarism check was carried out using the Academic Misconduct Literature Check System(AMLC).We generated a corrected similarity index based on the AMLC general similarity index for further analysis.We compared the similarity indices of papers in four medical fields and revealed their trends over time;differences in similarity index between review and research articles were also analyzed according to the different fields.Further analysis of 143 papers suspected of plagiarism was also performed from the perspective of sections containing duplication and according to the field of research.Findings:Papers in the field of pharmacology and pharmacy had the highest similarity index(8.67±5.92%),which was significantly higher than that in other fields,except health management.The similarity index of review articles(9.77±10.28%)was significantly higher than that of research articles(7.41±6.26%).In total,143 papers were suspected of plagiarism(5.80%)with similarity indices≥15%;most were papers on health management(78,54.55%),followed by public health and preventive medicine(38,26.58%);90.21%of the 143 papers had duplication in multiple sections,while only 9.79%had duplication in a single section.The distribution of sections with duplication varied among different fields;papers in pharmacology and pharmacy were more likely to have duplication in the data/methods and introduction/background sections,however,papers in health management were more likely to contain duplication in the introduction/background or results/discussion sections.Different structures for papers in different fields may have caused these differences.Research limitations:There were three limitations to our research.Firstly,we observed that a small number of papers have been checked early.It is unknown who conducted the plagiarism check as this can be included in other evaluations,such as applications for Science and technology projects or awards.If the authors carried out the check,text with high similarity indices may have been excluded before submission,meaning the similarity index in our research may have been lower than the original value.Secondly,there were only four medical fields included in our research.Additional analysis on a wider scale is required in the future.Thirdly,only a general similarity index was calculated in our study;other similarity indices were not tested.Practical implications:A comprehensive analysis of similarity indices in four medical fields was performed.We made several recommendations for the supervision of medical academic misconduct and the formation of criteria for defining suspected plagiarism for medical papers,as well as for the improved accuracy of text duplication checks.Originality/value:We quantified the differences between the AMLC general similarity index and the corrected index,described the situation around text duplication and plagiarism in papers from four medical fields,and revealed differences in similarity indices between different article types.We also revealed differences in the sections containing duplication for papers with suspected plagiarism among different fields.

Cecal duplication cyst in an infant presenting as shock:A case report

BACKGROUND Although intestinal obstruction is one of the most common surgical emergencies in an infant,it is difficult to diagnose neonatal enteric duplication cysts(EDC)preoperatively owing to their rarity as a cause of intestinal obstruction.We describe a case report of a neonatal EDC presenting intestinal obstruction and shock.CASE SUMMARY A 32-d-old male infant with a prenatal sonographic finding of bladder distension was admitted to our hospital for a severely distended abdomen,fever,and oliguria.The first diagnostic hypothesis was septic shock and intestinal obstruction.The patient’s symptoms worsened;following an emergency surgical exploratory laparotomy and histopathological findings,the final diagnosis of cecal duplication cyst was confirmed.The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful,and on the fifth postoperative day,oral feeding restarted.Twenty days later,the patient was discharged from the hospital.CONCLUSION Although EDC located in the cecum is exceptional,it should be considered when evaluating suspected intestinal obstruction and shock.

New treatment for gastric duplication cyst:Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration combined with lauromacrogol sclerotherapy:A case report

BACKGROUND Gastric duplication cysts are very rare disease that are mainly diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonographic fine-needle aspiration biopsy.In the past,this disease was usually treated with traditional surgery and rarely with minimally invasive endoscopic surgery.However,minimally invasive endoscopic therapy has many advantages,such as no skin wound,organ preservation,postoperative pain reduction,early food intake,fewer postoperative complications,and shorter post-procedure hospitalization.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)combined with lauromacrogol sclerotherapy for pyloric obstruction due to gastric duplication cysts.CONCLUSION EUS-FNA combined with lauromacrogol sclerotherapy provides a new option for the treatment of gastrointestinal duplication cysts.

Methyl-CpG-Binding protein 2 duplication syndrome in a Chinese patient:A case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND Chromosomal Xq28 region duplication encompassing methyl-CpG-binding protein 2(MECP2)results in an identifiable phenotype and global developmental delay known as MECP2 duplication syndrome(MDS).This syndrome has a wide range of clinical manifestations,including abnormalities in appearance,neurodevelopment,and gastrointestinal motility;recurrent infections;and spasticity.Here,we report a case of confirmed MDS at our institution.CASE SUMMARY A 12-year-old Chinese boy presented with intellectual disability(poor intellectual[reasoning,judgment,abstract thinking,and learning]and adaptive[lack of communication and absent social skills,apraxia,and ataxia]functioning)and dysmorphism.He had no history of recurrent infections,seizures,or bowel dysfunction,which is different from that in reported cases.Microarray comparative genomic hybridization confirmed MECP2 duplication in the patient and his mother who is a carrier.The duplication size was the same in the patient and his mother.No prophylactic antibiotic or anti-seizure therapy was offered to the patient or his mother before or after the consultation.CONCLUSION MDS is rare and has various clinical presentations.Clinical suspicion is critical in patients presenting with developmental delays.

Urinary Lithiasis Secondary to Urethral Duplication: A Case Report

Urethral duplication is a rare congenital anomaly, mainly involving boys, although cases in girls have been reported. The majority of duplications of the urethra are asymptomatic and the discovery of this malformation can be done at any age. Diagnosis and determination of its type are based on urethrocystography with mid-void images, which helps to guide the surgical approach. The treatment is not yet well codified and the therapeutic attitude varies from one author to another. We report a clinical observation of a urethral duplication with a calculus in a six-year-old boy who underwent a partial urethrectomy of the supernumerary urethra in whom a lithotomy and a urethrectomy were performed via a suspension approach. This observation illustrates the possibility of urinary stone formation after partial urethrectomy of the supernumerary urethra.

Evidence-based literature review:De-duplication a cornerstone for quality

Evidence-based literature reviews play a vital role in contemporary research,facilitating the synthesis of knowledge from multiple sources to inform decisionmaking and scientific advancements.Within this framework,de-duplication emerges as a part of the process for ensuring the integrity and reliability of evidence extraction.This opinion review delves into the evolution of de-duplication,highlights its importance in evidence synthesis,explores various de-duplication methods,discusses evolving technologies,and proposes best practices.By addressing ethical considerations this paper emphasizes the significance of deduplication as a cornerstone for quality in evidence-based literature reviews.

Giant teratoma with isolated intestinal duplication in adult: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND A combination of diseases is a rare phenomenon.Their clinical manifestations can vary,and the diagnosis can be challenging.Intestinal duplication is a rare congenital malformation,whereas retroperitoneal teratoma is a tumor in the retroperitoneal space,derived from the remaining embryonic tissue.There are relatively few clinical findings on adult retroperitoneal benign tumors.It is hard to believe that these two rare diseases can happen to the same person.CASE SUMMARY A 19-year-old woman complaining of abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting was admitted.Abdominal computed tomography angiography was suggested for invasive teratoma.Intraoperative exploration revealed that the giant teratoma was connected to an isolated intestinal tract in the retroperitoneum.The postoperative pathological examination revealed that mature giant teratoma was present with intestinal duplication.This was a rare intraoperative finding that was successfully treated surgically.CONCLUSION The clinical manifestations of intestinal duplication malformation are various,and difficult to diagnose before the operation.The possibility of intestinal replication should be considered when intraperitoneal cystic lesions are present.

Case of Incomplete Ureteral Duplication Complicated with Lithiasis and Right Uretero-Hydronephrosis

Ureteral duplication is congenital malformative uropathy that occurs most often in children. Complete ureteral duplication is defined by a kidney that has two ureters with two orifices that communicate to the bladder through two ureteral meati. It is an anatomical variant that remains rare. Its early discovery is due to a lack of diagnostic means, hence the occurrence of long-term complications. To this end, we observe an increased importance of the morbidity linked to the late diagnosis of this duplicity. We report a case of incomplete ureteral duplication complicated by ureterohydronephrosis on lithiasis wedged in the uretero-vesical junction of one of the ureters in its lower portion which required uretero-lithotomy with bladder reimplantation of the ureters. Our aim was to show the importance of the morbidity associated with late diagnosis of this anomaly and the incidence of infection and complications that this pathology poses as a problem. This was a clinical case of fortuitous discovery managed by a general surgeon in the general surgery department of the hospital “Mère Enfant” Le Luxembourg Bamako Mali. The suites were simple.

A Case Report: High-Grade Urothelial Carcinoma in the Renal Pelvis with Complete Kidney and Ureter Duplication Featuring Heterologous Differentiation

This report describes a considerably rare case of high-grade urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter,presenting with heterologous differentiation,in a patient with bilateral duplicated kidneys.A 73-year-old male experienced intermittent gross hematuria for 5 months,accompanied by lower back and abdominal pain.Ultrasound and computed tomography scans revealed bilateral renal and ureteral duplication with multiple tumors in the left renal pelvis.A total nephroterectomy and bladder cuff resection were performed on the left two nephrons.Multiple space-occupying lesions were identified in the left renal pelvis and ureter.Histopathological examination showed poorly differentiated and diverse tumor cells,manifesting as sarcomatoid carcinoma,papillary adenocarcinoma,and infiltrating high-grade urothelial carcinoma.The tumor infiltrated the subcutaneous fibrous connective tissue of the renal pelvis and the full thickness of the ureter.Given the rarity of recurrent renal urothelial carcinoma with heterogeneous differentiation,comprehensive imaging and pathological assessments are vital to delineate the nature of the lesion and the direction of tissue pathological heterologous differentiation.These evaluations guide early radical surgical interventions,improving survival rates.

国产一次性电子输尿管软镜联合负压吸引鞘治疗单侧重复肾重复输尿管畸形合并上尿路结石的疗效分析

目的:探讨国产一次性电子输尿管软镜联合负压吸引鞘治疗单侧重复肾重复输尿管畸形合并上尿路结石的有效性及安全性。方法:回顾性分析2018年5月至2023年9月武汉大学人民医院泌尿外科收治的17例单侧重复肾重复输尿管畸形合并上尿路结石的患者资料,该17例患者均采用输尿管软镜联合负压吸引鞘治疗上尿路结石。分析其结石分布、结石大小、手术时间、术中术后并发症、术后住院时间、结石清除率等,并随访患者的术后情况。结果:所有17例患者手术顺利,手术时间27~65 min,平均(43.4±6.7)min,术中术后均未出现输尿管撕裂、穿孔、感染性休克等严重并发症。术后1~3个月复查腹部平片(kidney ureter bladder,KUB)或泌尿系计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT),15例患者结石清除,结石清除率15/17(88.24%)。二期手术患者2例,二期手术结石清除率100%。结论:国产一次性电子输尿管软镜联合负压吸引鞘治疗单侧重复肾重复输尿管畸形合并上尿路结石,结石清除率高,手术并发症少,具有良好的有效性及安全性。

焊接机器人管-管相贯线焊接工艺试验研究

相贯线焊缝是工业生产中典型的焊缝形式之一。相贯线是复杂的空间曲线,采用手工焊接的方法很难保证焊接质量,而利用机器人焊接相贯线焊缝可以大大提高焊接效率和产品质量的稳定性。

基于Transformer紧凑编码的局部近重复视频检测算法

针对现有局部近重复视频检测算法特征存储消耗大、整体查询效率低、提取特征时并未考虑近重复帧之间细微的语义差异等问题,文中提出了一种基于Transformer紧凑编码的局部近重复视频检测算法。首先,提出了一个基于Transformer的特征编码器,其学习了大量近重复帧之间细微的语义差异,可以在编码帧特征时对各个区域特征图引入自注意力机制,在有效降低帧特征维度的同时也提高了编码后特征的表示性。该特征编码器通过孪生网络训练得到,该网络不需要负样本就可以有效学习近重复帧之间的相似语义信息,因此无需沉重和困难的难负样本标注工作,使得训练过程更加简易和高效。其次,提出了一个基于视频自相似度矩阵的关键帧提取方法,可以从视频中提取丰富但不冗余的关键帧,从而使关键帧特征序列能够更全面地描述原视频内容,提升算法的性能,同时也大幅减少了存储和计算冗余关键帧带来的开销。最后,基于关键帧的低维紧凑编码特征,采用基于图网络的时间对齐算法,实现局部近重复视频片段的检测和定位。该算法在公开的局部近重复视频检测数据集VCDB上取得了优于现有算法的实验性能。

Comparative transcriptome analysis between rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta) and crab-eating macaques(M. fascicularis)

Understanding gene expression variations between species is pivotal for deciphering the evolutionary diversity in phenotypes. Rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta, MMU)and crab-eating macaques(M. fascicularis, MFA) serve as crucial nonhuman primate biomedical models with different phenotypes. To date, however, large-scale comparative transcriptome research between these two species has not yet been fully explored. Here, we conducted systematic comparisons utilizing newly sequenced RNA-seq data from84 samples(41 MFA samples and 43 MMU samples)encompassing 14 common tissues. Our findings revealed a small fraction of genes(3.7%) with differential expression between the two species, as well as 36.5% of genes with tissue-specific expression in both macaques. Comparison of gene expression between macaques and humans indicated that 22.6% of orthologous genes displayed differential expression in at least two tissues. Moreover,19.41% of genes that overlapped with macaque-specific structural variants showed differential expression between humans and macaques. Of these, the FAM220A gene exhibited elevated expression in humans compared to macaques due to lineage-specific duplication. In summary,this study presents a large-scale transcriptomic comparison between MMU and MFA and between macaques and humans. The discovery of gene expression variations not only enhances the biomedical utility of macaque models but also contributes to the wider field of primate genomics.

Segmental Duplications Are Common in Rice Genome

Segmental duplications on rice (Oryza sativa L.) chromosomes 8, 9, 11, and 12 were studied by examining the distributions of sequences resolved by 13 probes detecting multiple copies of DNA sequences. Four of the hybridization bands detected by a repetitive sequence probe, rTRS, were mapped to the ends of all the four chromosomes. Two or three of the bands detected by each of the other 12 probes were also mapped to different chromosomes. The bands detected by the same probe usually occurred in similar locations of different chromosomes. Loci detected by different DNA probes were often similarly arranged on different chromosomes. Chromosomes 8 and 9 showed colinearity of marker loci arrangement indicating a possible common origin. A segment on chromosome 9 was also very similar to the previously reported duplicated fragments on the ends of chromosomes 11 and 12 which were also detected in this study, indicating a likely common origin. Moreover, the various degrees of distributional similarity of the segments suggest a complex relationship among the chromosomes in the evolution of the rice genome. These results support the proposition that chromosome duplication and diversification may be a mechanism for the origin and evolution of the chromosomes in the rice genome.

内听道重复畸形影像学评估

目的分析内听道重复畸形(duplication of the internal auditory canal,DIAC)患者CT及MRI影像学表现,提高对该畸形的认识,为人工耳蜗植入提供术前依据。方法回顾性观察20例(24耳)DIAC患者内耳多层螺旋CT(MSCT)及MRI资料,测量并分析病变组与对照组内听道及蜗神经孔宽度。结果DIAC均为内听道狭窄及合并其他颞骨畸形。MSCT示21耳、MRI水成像示16耳内听道由骨性分隔成双管。MRI水成像示前庭蜗神经纤细。病变、对照组内听道宽度及蜗神经孔宽度均有统计学差异(P<0.001)。6例(8耳)行人工耳蜗植入术后听力均有不同程度恢复。结论DIAC均显示内听道狭窄,MSCT所示骨性分隔为其特征性征象,MRI水成像示前庭蜗神经发育不良,联合两种影像检查方法可为本病诊断和人工听觉植入提供客观参考依据。

普通烟草GRAS基因家族鉴定及表达模式分析

GRAS转录因子是植物中特有的转录因子,在植物的生长发育、信号转导、生物和非生物胁迫响应中均起着重要作用。本研究利用生物信息学手段从普通烟草基因组中鉴定得到了95个烟草GRAS基因,其中有50个GRAS家族成员不均匀地分布在20条染色体上。从系统进化、共线性和表达模式等方面对烟草GRAS基因家族成员进行了深入分析。结果表明,烟草GRAS基因可划分为8个亚家族,共有26个烟草GRAS成员源自全基因组复制事件,与拟南芥GRAS基因之间预测到16个共线性基因对。GRAS基因家族成员的表达具有一定的组织特异性,其启动子含有多个与生长发育、信号转导和胁迫相关的顺式作用元件,且部分成员响应盐和干旱胁迫,暗示其可能参与烟草胁迫响应等信号传导过程。本研究将为深入研究烟草GRAS家族基因的生物学功能奠定理论基础。

胡麻P5CS基因家族进化模式分析及LusP5CS1基因耐旱能力验证

吡咯啉-5-羧酸合成酶(P5CS)是植物中由P5CS基因编码的一种与干旱胁迫响应紧密联系的关键酶,它主要负责调节脯氨酸的生物合成。研究胡麻P5CS基因家族进化模式对进一步探索其在胡麻耐旱过程中的作用机制具有重要意义。本研究以拟南芥的2个P5CS基因作为查询序列,从胡麻、油菜、大豆、花生、向日葵、水稻、小麦等主要粮油作物的基因组中筛选获得P5CS基因家族成员。并通过分析不同作物P5CS基因受选择压力的大小、位点及功能分化潜力等阐明其进化模式,并在拟南芥中对其进行功能验证。研究结果显示,与其他作物的同源基因相比,胡麻P5CS基因家族成员在基因结构和进化模式上存在显著差异。在拟南芥中过表达受正向选择的胡麻LusP5CS1基因可以显著增加转基因拟南芥脯氨酸的积累并增强其耐旱性;在非干旱胁迫下过表达转基因拟南芥也表现出明显的适合度优势。本研究为胡麻耐旱分子机制和抗旱育种提供了理论基础。

Duplicated chalcone synthase(CHS)genes modulate flavonoid production in tea plants in response to light stress

In tea plants,the abundant flavonoid compounds are responsible for the health benefits for the human body and define the astringent flavor profile.While the downstream mechanisms of flavonoid biosynthesis have been extensively studied,the role of chalcone synthase(CHS)in this secondary metabolic process in tea plants remains less clear.In this study,we compared the evolutionary profile of the flavonoid metabolism pathway and discovered that gene duplication of CHS occurred in tea plants.We identified three CsCHS genes,along with a CsCHS-like gene,as potential candidates for further functional investigation.Unlike the CsCHS-like gene,the CsCHS genes effectively restored flavonoid production in Arabidopsis chs-mutants.Additionally,CsCHS transgenic tobacco plants exhibited higher flavonoid compound accumulation compared to their wild-type counterparts.Most notably,our examination of promoter and gene expression levels for the selected CHS genes revealed distinct responses to UV-B stress in tea plants.Our findings suggest that environmental factors such as UV-B exposure could have been the key drivers behind the gene duplication events in CHS.