Tackling the problem of poor conductivity and catalytic stability of pristine metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) is crucial to improve their oxygen evolution reaction(OER) performance.Herein,we introduce a novel strategy ...Tackling the problem of poor conductivity and catalytic stability of pristine metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) is crucial to improve their oxygen evolution reaction(OER) performance.Herein,we introduce a novel strategy of dysprosium(Dy) doping,using the unique 4f orbitals of this rare earth element to enhance electrocatalytic activity of MOFs.Our method involves constructing Dy-doped Ni-MOF(Dy@Ni-MOF) nanoneedles on carbon cloth via a Dy-induced valence electronic perturbation approach.Experiments and density functional theory(DFT) calculations reveal that Dy doping can effectively modify the electronic structure of the Ni active centers and foster a strong electronic interaction between Ni and Dy.The resulting benefits include a reduced work function and a closer proximity of the d-band center to the Fermi level,which is conducive to improving electrical conductivity and promoting the adsorption of oxygen-containing intermediates.Furthermore,the Dy@Ni-MOF achieves superhydrophilicity,ensuring effective electrolyte contact and thus accelerating reaction kinetics,Ex-situ and in-situ analysis results manifest Dy_(2)O_(3)/NiOOH as the actual active species.Therefore,Dy@Ni-MOF shows impressive OER performance,significantly surpassing Ni-MOF.Besides,the overall water splitting device with Dy@NiMOF as an anode delivers a low cell voltage of 1.51 V at 10 mA cm^(-2) and demonstrates long-term stability for 100 h,positioning it as a promising substitute for precious metal catalysts.展开更多
位于Y染色体无精症因子区域(Azoospermia factor,AZF)的基因座位点DYS549、DYS527和DYS459在法医学鉴定和家系分析中被广泛应用。但是,在男性不育患者中,DYS549、DYS527和DYS459位点很可能会表现出特殊的基因型,对应用Y染色体短串联重...位于Y染色体无精症因子区域(Azoospermia factor,AZF)的基因座位点DYS549、DYS527和DYS459在法医学鉴定和家系分析中被广泛应用。但是,在男性不育患者中,DYS549、DYS527和DYS459位点很可能会表现出特殊的基因型,对应用Y染色体短串联重复序列(Y chromosome short tandem repeat,Y-STR)进行个体识别的结果产生干扰。因此,文章应用14个Y-STR基因座复合扩增体系和Y染色体AZFc区DAZ、CDY1基因的拷贝数检测等方法,探讨男性不育症中法医学相关的3个Y-STR基因座的异常分型,对个体识别和家系分析中的DNA检验异常结果提供合理的解释。在240例男性非梗阻性无精、严重少精、先天性双侧输精管缺如(CBVAD)患者中,采用改良的多重PCR体系进行AZF区域微缺失的序列标签位点(Sequence tagged sites,STSs)检测,发现AZF微缺失40例(AZFa:2例;AZFb:2例;AZFc:30例;AZFb+c:6例),AZF的总缺失率为16.67%。应用14 Y-STR复合扩增体系对上述AZF微缺失的阳性患者样本进行检测,发现所有AZFb缺失患者存在DYS549等位基因缺失,AZFc缺失患者存在DYS527、DYS459等位基因缺失,AZFb+c缺失患者存在DYS549、DYS527和DYS459等位基因缺失。在AZF微缺失阴性的不育症患者中,通过检测DAZ、CDY1基因拷贝数发现10例AZFc部分复制的患者(1例为先天性输精管缺如,2例非梗阻性无精症,7例严重少精子症),占所调查不育人群的4.17%。男性不育人群AZF区域3个Y-STR基因座多态性会造成等位基因缺失或者重复,这些异常分型是由于临床遗传缺陷造成的而不是实验偏差。阐明Y-STR在男性不育人群中的异质性可以更好地完善Y-STR数据库和解释STR实验结果。展开更多
High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs) are the most critical grain storage proteins that determine the unique processing qualities of wheat. Although it is a part of the superior HMW-GS pair(Dx5+Dy10), the c...High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs) are the most critical grain storage proteins that determine the unique processing qualities of wheat. Although it is a part of the superior HMW-GS pair(Dx5+Dy10), the contribution of the Dy10 subunit to wheat processing quality remains unclear. In this study, we elucidated the effect of Dy10 on wheat processing quality by generating and analyzing a deletion mutant(with the Dy10-null allele), and by elucidating the changes to wheat flour following the incorporation of purified Dy10. The Dy10-null allele was transcribed normally,but the Dy10 subunit was lacking. These findings implied that the Dy10-null allele reduced the glutenin:gliadin ratio and negatively affected dough strength(i.e., Zeleny sedimentation value, gluten index, and dough development and stability times) and the bread-making quality;however, it positively affected the biscuit-making quality. The incorporation of various amounts of purified Dy10 into wheat flour had a detrimental effect on biscuit-making quality. The results of this study demonstrate that the Dy10 subunit is essential for maintaining wheat dough strength. Furthermore, the Dy10-null allele may be exploited by soft wheat breeding programs.展开更多
In this study,extrusion was performed on Mg-Zr-Sr-Dy alloys for improving their mechanical,corrosion,and biocompatibility properties.Effects of extrusion and alloying elements on the microstructural characteristics,te...In this study,extrusion was performed on Mg-Zr-Sr-Dy alloys for improving their mechanical,corrosion,and biocompatibility properties.Effects of extrusion and alloying elements on the microstructural characteristics,tensile and compressive strengths,corrosion behavior,and biocompatibility were investigated.The Mg-Zr-Sr-Dy alloys were composed of an α-Mg matrix containing {10■2} extension twins and secondary phases of intermetallic compounds Mg_(17)Sr_(2) and Mg_(2)Dy.Evolution of basal and rare earth(RE) textures was observed in the extruded alloys and an increase in Dy content to 2 wt.% resulted in texture randomization and strengthening of the RE component,mainly due to particle-stimulated nucleation and a change from discontinuous dynamic recrystallization to continuous dynamic recrystallization,which also led to an improved tension-compression yield asymmetry of 0.87.Extrusion of the alloys significantly enhanced their tensile and compressive properties due to improved distribution of alloying elements and formation of textures.Corrosion rates tested by hydrogen evolution testing,potentiodynamic polarization,and electrical impedance spectroscopy showed similar trends for each composition,and the lowest corrosion rate of 3.37 mmy^(-1) was observed for the Mg-1Zr-0.5Sr-1Dy in the potentiodynamic polarization testing.Dy_(2)O_(3) was observed in the inner layers of the Mg(OH)_(2) protective films,whose protective efficacy was confirmed by charge-transfer and film resistances.A comparison among the minimum CRs observed in this study and previously studied as-cast Mg-Zr-Sr-Dy and extruded Mg-Zr-Sr alloys,demonstrates that both the extrusion process and addition of Dy in Mg-Zr-Sr improved the CR.Similarly,extruded Mg-Zr-Sr-Dy alloys showed improved cell viability and adhesion of human osteoblast-like SaOS2 cells due to increased corrosion resistance and enhanced Sr distribution within the Mg matrix.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52363028,21965005)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(2021GXNSFAA076001)the Guangxi Technology Base and Talent Subject(GUIKE AD18126001,GUIKE AD20297039)。
文摘Tackling the problem of poor conductivity and catalytic stability of pristine metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) is crucial to improve their oxygen evolution reaction(OER) performance.Herein,we introduce a novel strategy of dysprosium(Dy) doping,using the unique 4f orbitals of this rare earth element to enhance electrocatalytic activity of MOFs.Our method involves constructing Dy-doped Ni-MOF(Dy@Ni-MOF) nanoneedles on carbon cloth via a Dy-induced valence electronic perturbation approach.Experiments and density functional theory(DFT) calculations reveal that Dy doping can effectively modify the electronic structure of the Ni active centers and foster a strong electronic interaction between Ni and Dy.The resulting benefits include a reduced work function and a closer proximity of the d-band center to the Fermi level,which is conducive to improving electrical conductivity and promoting the adsorption of oxygen-containing intermediates.Furthermore,the Dy@Ni-MOF achieves superhydrophilicity,ensuring effective electrolyte contact and thus accelerating reaction kinetics,Ex-situ and in-situ analysis results manifest Dy_(2)O_(3)/NiOOH as the actual active species.Therefore,Dy@Ni-MOF shows impressive OER performance,significantly surpassing Ni-MOF.Besides,the overall water splitting device with Dy@NiMOF as an anode delivers a low cell voltage of 1.51 V at 10 mA cm^(-2) and demonstrates long-term stability for 100 h,positioning it as a promising substitute for precious metal catalysts.
文摘位于Y染色体无精症因子区域(Azoospermia factor,AZF)的基因座位点DYS549、DYS527和DYS459在法医学鉴定和家系分析中被广泛应用。但是,在男性不育患者中,DYS549、DYS527和DYS459位点很可能会表现出特殊的基因型,对应用Y染色体短串联重复序列(Y chromosome short tandem repeat,Y-STR)进行个体识别的结果产生干扰。因此,文章应用14个Y-STR基因座复合扩增体系和Y染色体AZFc区DAZ、CDY1基因的拷贝数检测等方法,探讨男性不育症中法医学相关的3个Y-STR基因座的异常分型,对个体识别和家系分析中的DNA检验异常结果提供合理的解释。在240例男性非梗阻性无精、严重少精、先天性双侧输精管缺如(CBVAD)患者中,采用改良的多重PCR体系进行AZF区域微缺失的序列标签位点(Sequence tagged sites,STSs)检测,发现AZF微缺失40例(AZFa:2例;AZFb:2例;AZFc:30例;AZFb+c:6例),AZF的总缺失率为16.67%。应用14 Y-STR复合扩增体系对上述AZF微缺失的阳性患者样本进行检测,发现所有AZFb缺失患者存在DYS549等位基因缺失,AZFc缺失患者存在DYS527、DYS459等位基因缺失,AZFb+c缺失患者存在DYS549、DYS527和DYS459等位基因缺失。在AZF微缺失阴性的不育症患者中,通过检测DAZ、CDY1基因拷贝数发现10例AZFc部分复制的患者(1例为先天性输精管缺如,2例非梗阻性无精症,7例严重少精子症),占所调查不育人群的4.17%。男性不育人群AZF区域3个Y-STR基因座多态性会造成等位基因缺失或者重复,这些异常分型是由于临床遗传缺陷造成的而不是实验偏差。阐明Y-STR在男性不育人群中的异质性可以更好地完善Y-STR数据库和解释STR实验结果。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51872286,51832007)Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China(2021ZR204)+1 种基金Science and Technology Plan Leading Project of Fujian Province(2022H0043,2020H0036)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20181BAB211009)。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51832007,51872286)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3605704)+4 种基金NSFC-Joint Funds for Regional Innovation and Development(U21A20508)Science and Technology Plan Leading Project of Fujian Province(2022H0043,2020H0036)Fujian Science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China(2021ZR204,2020zz108)The 14th Five-year Plan Project of FJIRSM(E255KL0101)Science and Technology Service Network Initiative(2019T3006)。
基金Projects(52001152, 51961021) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(DC2020353, DC2020342, DC2022017, DC2022025, DC2022027) supported by the Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Programs,China。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971939, 32072054, and 31901961)the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, China (2019YFH0066 and 2020YFH0150)the Designing Future Wheat Strategic Program of the UK (BB/P016855/1)。
文摘High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs) are the most critical grain storage proteins that determine the unique processing qualities of wheat. Although it is a part of the superior HMW-GS pair(Dx5+Dy10), the contribution of the Dy10 subunit to wheat processing quality remains unclear. In this study, we elucidated the effect of Dy10 on wheat processing quality by generating and analyzing a deletion mutant(with the Dy10-null allele), and by elucidating the changes to wheat flour following the incorporation of purified Dy10. The Dy10-null allele was transcribed normally,but the Dy10 subunit was lacking. These findings implied that the Dy10-null allele reduced the glutenin:gliadin ratio and negatively affected dough strength(i.e., Zeleny sedimentation value, gluten index, and dough development and stability times) and the bread-making quality;however, it positively affected the biscuit-making quality. The incorporation of various amounts of purified Dy10 into wheat flour had a detrimental effect on biscuit-making quality. The results of this study demonstrate that the Dy10 subunit is essential for maintaining wheat dough strength. Furthermore, the Dy10-null allele may be exploited by soft wheat breeding programs.
基金the financial support for this research by the Australian Research Council (ARC) through the Future Fellowship (FT160100252)the Discovery Project (DP170102557)。
文摘In this study,extrusion was performed on Mg-Zr-Sr-Dy alloys for improving their mechanical,corrosion,and biocompatibility properties.Effects of extrusion and alloying elements on the microstructural characteristics,tensile and compressive strengths,corrosion behavior,and biocompatibility were investigated.The Mg-Zr-Sr-Dy alloys were composed of an α-Mg matrix containing {10■2} extension twins and secondary phases of intermetallic compounds Mg_(17)Sr_(2) and Mg_(2)Dy.Evolution of basal and rare earth(RE) textures was observed in the extruded alloys and an increase in Dy content to 2 wt.% resulted in texture randomization and strengthening of the RE component,mainly due to particle-stimulated nucleation and a change from discontinuous dynamic recrystallization to continuous dynamic recrystallization,which also led to an improved tension-compression yield asymmetry of 0.87.Extrusion of the alloys significantly enhanced their tensile and compressive properties due to improved distribution of alloying elements and formation of textures.Corrosion rates tested by hydrogen evolution testing,potentiodynamic polarization,and electrical impedance spectroscopy showed similar trends for each composition,and the lowest corrosion rate of 3.37 mmy^(-1) was observed for the Mg-1Zr-0.5Sr-1Dy in the potentiodynamic polarization testing.Dy_(2)O_(3) was observed in the inner layers of the Mg(OH)_(2) protective films,whose protective efficacy was confirmed by charge-transfer and film resistances.A comparison among the minimum CRs observed in this study and previously studied as-cast Mg-Zr-Sr-Dy and extruded Mg-Zr-Sr alloys,demonstrates that both the extrusion process and addition of Dy in Mg-Zr-Sr improved the CR.Similarly,extruded Mg-Zr-Sr-Dy alloys showed improved cell viability and adhesion of human osteoblast-like SaOS2 cells due to increased corrosion resistance and enhanced Sr distribution within the Mg matrix.