Dynamic Correction Algorithm of Rolling Force in Plate Rolling

Based on the Shougang plat mill project, an on-line dynamic correction algorithm was analyzed. This algorithm can adjust model coefficients better because the reasonable correction is based on the measured and calculated rolling force. The results of application on site show that this on-line dynamic correction algorithm is effective.

DYNAMIC CORRECTION OF ROUGHNESS IN THE HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL

Based on the hydrodynamic model and the Xinanjiang model, the fiver stage forecasting model has been proposed. But its performance is not satisfactory as applied to estuary areas. River roughness is a sensitive parameter in the hydrodynamic model, and its value is related to some substantial uncertainties in the tidal fiver. According to roughness tests, a new method of roughness dynamic correction was developed to improve the performance of the stage model. The method was focused on the usage of observed data for the studied section, and its parameters were analyzed. Nested with the dynamic correction of roughness, the stage model was applied to the tidal reach of the Caoe River. The results demonstrate that the roughness dynamic correction can improve the simulation accuracy of the stage model, and especially has the capacity of reducing the errors at peak stages.

Preliminary Evaluations of FGOALS-g2 for Decadal Predictions

The Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System model, Grid-point Version 2 （FGOALS-g2） for decadal predictions, is evaluated preliminarily, based on sets of ensemble 10-year hindcasts that it has produced. The results show that the hindcasts were more accurate in decadal variability of SST and surface air temperature （SAT）, particularly in that of Nifio3.4 SST and China regional SAT, than the second sample of the historical runs for 20th-century climate （the control） by the same model. Both the control and the hindcasts represented the global warming well using the same external forcings, but the control overestimated the warming. The hindcasts produced the warming closer to the observations. Performance of FGOALS-g2 in hindcasts benefits from more realistic initial conditions provided by the initialization run and a smaller model bias resulting from the use of a dynamic bias correction scheme newly developed in this study. The initialization consists of a 61-year nudging-based assimilation cycle, which follows on the control run on 01 January 1945 with the incorporation of observation data of upper-ocean temperature and salinity at each integration step in the ocean component model, the LASG IAP Climate System Ocean Model, Version 2 （LICOM2）. The dynamic bias correction is implemented at each step of LICOM2 during the hindcasts to reduce the systematic biases existing in upper-ocean temperature and salinity by incorporating multi-year monthly mean increments produced in the assimilation cycle. The effectiveness of the assimilation cycle and the role of the correction scheme were assessed prior to the hindcasts.

Efficient Array Coding Scheme for Large-Scale Storage Systems

A family of array codes with a maximum distance separable（MDS） property, named L codes, is proposed. The greatest strength of L codes is that the number of rows（columns） in a disk array does not be restricted by the prime number, and more disks can be dynamically appended in a running storage system. L codes can tolerate at least two disk erasures and some sector loss simultaneously, and can tolerate multiple disk erasures（greater than or equal to three） under a certain condition. Because only XOR operations are needed in the process of encoding and decoding, L codes have very high computing efficiency which is roughly equivalent to X codes. Analysis shows that L codes are particularly suitable for large-scale storage systems.

Multi-Scheme Corrected Dynamic–Analogue Prediction of Summer Precipitation in Northeastern China Based on BCC_CSM

Based on summer precipitation hindcasts for 1991-2013 produced by the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model （BCC_CSM）, the relationship between precipitation prediction error in northeastern China （NEC） and global sea surface temperature is analyzed, and dynamic-analogue prediction is carried out to improve the summer precipitation prediction skill of BCC_CSM, through taking care of model historical analogue prediction error in the real-time output. Seven correction schemes such as the systematic bias correction, pure statistical correction, dynamic-analogue correction, and so on, are designed and compared. Independent hindcast results show that the 5-yr average anomaly correlation coefficient （ACC） of summer precipitation is respectively improved from -0. 13/0.15 to 0.16/0.24 for 2009-13/1991-95 when using the equally weighted dynamic-analogue correction in the BCC_CSM prediction, which takes the arithmetical mean of the correction based on regional average error and that on grid point error. In addition, probabilistic prediction using the results from the multiple correction schemes is also performed and it leads to further improved 5-yr average prediction accuracy.

Adaptive speed of sound correction with photoacoustic tomography for imaging quality optimization

This work proposes a method to concurrently calibrate multiple acoustic speeds in different mediums with a photoacoustic（PA） and ultrasound（US） dual-modality imaging system. First, physical infrastructure information of the target is acquired through a US image. Then, we repeatedly build PA images around a special target to yield the best focused result by dynamically updating the acoustic speeds in a different medium of the target.With these correct acoustic propagation velocities in the according mediums, we can effectively optimize the PA image quality as the experiments proved, which might benefit future research in biomedical imaging science.