This paper calculates the industrial carbon emissions of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration over the period 2006-2013. An empirical analysis is conducted to find out the influencing factors of industrial carb...This paper calculates the industrial carbon emissions of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration over the period 2006-2013. An empirical analysis is conducted to find out the influencing factors of industrial carbon emissions of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, using a spatial Durbin panel model. The results show that cities with larger industrial carbon emissions often enjoy low annual growth rates, while the cities with smaller ones enjoy higher annual growth rate; There exists a comparatively strong positive correlation in space in per capita carbon emission; urbanization, and total population. GDP per capita and international trade are the main influencing factors of industrial carbon emissions; There are spatial spillover effects on international trade and urbanization of neighboring cities, which have a significant impact on local industrial carbon emissions.展开更多
Seasonal metrics and environmental responses to forestry soil surface CO2 emission effluxes among three types of lower subtropical forests were consistently monitored over two years with static chamber-gas chromatogra...Seasonal metrics and environmental responses to forestry soil surface CO2 emission effluxes among three types of lower subtropical forests were consistently monitored over two years with static chamber-gas chromatograph techniques among three types of lower subtropical forests. Results showed that annual CO2 effluxes (S+L) reached 3942.20, 3422.36 and 2163.02 CO2 g·m-2·a-1, respectively in the monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest, mixed broadleaf-coniferous forest and coniferous forest. All the three types of forests revealed the same characteristics of seasonal changes with the CO2 effluxes peaking throughout June to August. During this peaking period, the effluxes were 35.9%, 38.1% and 40.2% of the total annual effluxes, respectively. The CO2 emission process responding to the environmental factors displayed significantly different patterns in forestry soils of the three types of forests. The coniferous forest (CF) was more sensitive to temperature than the other two types. The Q10 values were higher, along with greater seasonal variations of the CO2 efflux, indicating that the structurally unique forestry ecosystem has disadvantage against interferences. All the three types of forestry CO2 effluxes showed significant correlation with the soil temperature (Ts), soil water content (Ms) and air pressure (Pa). However, stepwise regression analysis indicated no significant correlation between air pressure and the soil CO2 efflux. With an empirical model to measure soil temperature and water content in 5 cm beneath the soil surface, the CO2 effluxes accounting for 75.7%, 77.8% and 86.5% of the efflux variability respectively in soils of BF, MF and PF were calculated. This model can be better used to evaluate the CO2 emission of soils under water stress and arid or semi-arid conditions.展开更多
本研究利用WRF-Chem(Weather Research and Forecasting model with online coupled Chemistry)模式对未来中国北方沙尘起沙过程变化进行了模拟预测。为了提高预测结果的准确度,研究综合考虑了气溶胶、温室气体和植被覆盖率等因素对天...本研究利用WRF-Chem(Weather Research and Forecasting model with online coupled Chemistry)模式对未来中国北方沙尘起沙过程变化进行了模拟预测。为了提高预测结果的准确度,研究综合考虑了气溶胶、温室气体和植被覆盖率等因素对天气、气候和起沙过程的影响。预测结果显示,2016~2029年西北部沙尘源地起沙量高于北部沙尘源地,地形和气候的差异是导致两地起沙过程及其季节变化差异的主要原因。两个沙尘源地四季起沙通量呈总体减少而部分季节增加的趋势,西北部沙尘源地起沙通量在春季总体呈上升趋势,在夏、秋和冬季呈下降趋势;北部沙尘源地起沙通量在春、夏和冬季呈下降趋势,在秋季呈微弱上升趋势。两个沙尘源地各季起沙通量的变化趋势由近地面风速主导,植被覆盖率、降水和地面温度等因素对起沙通量的年际波动有着重要影响。展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.71373079)Planning Projects of Philosophy and Social Science of Zhejiang Province (Grant No. 11YD07Z)
文摘This paper calculates the industrial carbon emissions of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration over the period 2006-2013. An empirical analysis is conducted to find out the influencing factors of industrial carbon emissions of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, using a spatial Durbin panel model. The results show that cities with larger industrial carbon emissions often enjoy low annual growth rates, while the cities with smaller ones enjoy higher annual growth rate; There exists a comparatively strong positive correlation in space in per capita carbon emission; urbanization, and total population. GDP per capita and international trade are the main influencing factors of industrial carbon emissions; There are spatial spillover effects on international trade and urbanization of neighboring cities, which have a significant impact on local industrial carbon emissions.
基金This work was supported by the Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30570350) the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos. KZCX1-SW-01 and KSCX2-SW-120)+1 种基金 the Ministry of Science and Technol-ogy of China (Grant No. 2002CB412501)This research was assisted by Mr. Liu Guangren, Drs. Wang Yinghong and Sun Yang from CERN's Atmosphere Center. Thanks are also due to the following people who participated in the field work: Chu Guowei, Wang Xu, Ouyang Xuejun, Xu Guo- liang, Kuang Yuanwen, Luo Yan, Yin Guangcai, Guan Lili, Liu Yan, Meng Ze and Mo Dingsheng.
文摘Seasonal metrics and environmental responses to forestry soil surface CO2 emission effluxes among three types of lower subtropical forests were consistently monitored over two years with static chamber-gas chromatograph techniques among three types of lower subtropical forests. Results showed that annual CO2 effluxes (S+L) reached 3942.20, 3422.36 and 2163.02 CO2 g·m-2·a-1, respectively in the monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest, mixed broadleaf-coniferous forest and coniferous forest. All the three types of forests revealed the same characteristics of seasonal changes with the CO2 effluxes peaking throughout June to August. During this peaking period, the effluxes were 35.9%, 38.1% and 40.2% of the total annual effluxes, respectively. The CO2 emission process responding to the environmental factors displayed significantly different patterns in forestry soils of the three types of forests. The coniferous forest (CF) was more sensitive to temperature than the other two types. The Q10 values were higher, along with greater seasonal variations of the CO2 efflux, indicating that the structurally unique forestry ecosystem has disadvantage against interferences. All the three types of forestry CO2 effluxes showed significant correlation with the soil temperature (Ts), soil water content (Ms) and air pressure (Pa). However, stepwise regression analysis indicated no significant correlation between air pressure and the soil CO2 efflux. With an empirical model to measure soil temperature and water content in 5 cm beneath the soil surface, the CO2 effluxes accounting for 75.7%, 77.8% and 86.5% of the efflux variability respectively in soils of BF, MF and PF were calculated. This model can be better used to evaluate the CO2 emission of soils under water stress and arid or semi-arid conditions.
文摘本研究利用WRF-Chem(Weather Research and Forecasting model with online coupled Chemistry)模式对未来中国北方沙尘起沙过程变化进行了模拟预测。为了提高预测结果的准确度,研究综合考虑了气溶胶、温室气体和植被覆盖率等因素对天气、气候和起沙过程的影响。预测结果显示,2016~2029年西北部沙尘源地起沙量高于北部沙尘源地,地形和气候的差异是导致两地起沙过程及其季节变化差异的主要原因。两个沙尘源地四季起沙通量呈总体减少而部分季节增加的趋势,西北部沙尘源地起沙通量在春季总体呈上升趋势,在夏、秋和冬季呈下降趋势;北部沙尘源地起沙通量在春、夏和冬季呈下降趋势,在秋季呈微弱上升趋势。两个沙尘源地各季起沙通量的变化趋势由近地面风速主导,植被覆盖率、降水和地面温度等因素对起沙通量的年际波动有着重要影响。
