1 Introduction There are numerous salt lakes in western China(Zheng Mianping,et al.,2011).Yiliping playa on the western Qaidam Basin is a magnesium sulfate subtype dry salt lake with high concentrations of potassium,b...1 Introduction There are numerous salt lakes in western China(Zheng Mianping,et al.,2011).Yiliping playa on the western Qaidam Basin is a magnesium sulfate subtype dry salt lake with high concentrations of potassium,boron and lithium.展开更多
Pesticide droplet is evaporating during the falling from the nozzle to the target.This dynamic evaporation is influenced by ambient temperature,relative humidity(RH),adjuvant type and concentration.In the evaporation ...Pesticide droplet is evaporating during the falling from the nozzle to the target.This dynamic evaporation is influenced by ambient temperature,relative humidity(RH),adjuvant type and concentration.In the evaporation process,the droplet size at different height is affected by the droplet evaporation.Based on this,this study determined the droplet dynamic evaporation by collecting the droplets from different height via silicone oil method with a certain temperature and RH.Eight adjuvants were chosen,including three organo-silicon,three vegetable oil and two non-ionic,with five concentrations.All droplets were generated by a droplet generator.The results showed that the type of adjuvant,ambient temperature and RH had no significant influence on droplet size generated by droplet generator.All the adjuvants in this experiment cannot reduce dynamic evaporation;Concentration of adjuvant made a difference in dynamic evaporation.This could be because of the property of adjuvant.Organo-silicon adjuvants have a negative correlation with water vapor pressure,it showed less dynamic evaporation at high temperature and RH.Vegetable oil and non-ionic adjuvant,they are the same as the controlled blank that the dynamic evaporation reduces with decreasing temperature and increasing RH.展开更多
We experimentally observe the dynamic evolution of atoms in the evaporative cooling, by in-situ imaging the plugged hole of ultracold atoms. Ultracold rubidium atoms confined in a magnetic trap are plugged using a blu...We experimentally observe the dynamic evolution of atoms in the evaporative cooling, by in-situ imaging the plugged hole of ultracold atoms. Ultracold rubidium atoms confined in a magnetic trap are plugged using a blue-detuned laser beam with a waist of 20 m at a wavelength of 767 nm. We probe the variation of the atomic temperature and width versus the radio frequency in the evaporative cooling. Both the behaviors are in good agreement with the calculation of the trapping potential dressed by the rf signal above the threshold temperature,while deviating from the calculation near the phase transition. To accurately obtain the atomic width, we use the plugged hole as the reference to optimize the optical imaging system by precisely minimizing the artificial structures due to the defocus effect.展开更多
The characteristics of seasonal and annual changes of potential evaporation,the variations of thermal and dynamical evaporation in different seasons and the relationshipsbetween potential evaporation and meteorologica...The characteristics of seasonal and annual changes of potential evaporation,the variations of thermal and dynamical evaporation in different seasons and the relationshipsbetween potential evaporation and meteorological elements were analyzed according to the observeddata of 9 stations from 1961 to 2001 in the Tianjin region of China. Analyses indicate that thermalevaporation is the main part of the potential evaporation and offers about 90% fraction of to it insummer, while in winter the dynamical evaporation is greater than the thermal one, especially inJan. , offering 100% contribution, that the influence of temperature on the change of potentialevaporation was much larger than that of wind, vapor pressure and sunshine duration, and potentialevaporation increased by 30. 33mm with temperature raise 1℃, and that potential evaporation had asurprising increasing tendency, in particular during the recent decade, with the velocity of 4.22mm/a. The potential evaporation in the Tianjin region will be higher than the past, especially onthe global warming background, so that it has the great effects not only on the climatic forcingchanges, but also on development of city and e-conomy.展开更多
The ability of particles to stabilize liquid films has broad applications in many fields,such as drug delivery,biofuel catalysis,and crude-oil separation.The mechanism of particles to stabilize emulsions has been wide...The ability of particles to stabilize liquid films has broad applications in many fields,such as drug delivery,biofuel catalysis,and crude-oil separation.The mechanism of particles to stabilize emulsions has been widely studied.However,how particles affect the stability of suspension films is still unclear.Here,the dynamics of bacterial particles on free liquid films during evaporation is obtained by direct microscopic observation.We find that the initial concentration of the bacterial solution affects the evolution of the shapes and stabilities of liquid films.The liquid film with a low bacterial concentration exhibits a drainage and rupture process similar to pure water,and bacteria would be evacuated during the evaporation of liquid film.However,when the bacterial concentration is high,bacteria form a single-layer array in the center of the film and greatly enhance the stability of the liquid film.We demonstrate that these two distinct film evaporation dynamics are caused by the difference in the lateral capillary force of the particles at different positions on the liquid film,which is not affected by the active motility of particle.Together,our research reveals the critical role of bacteria concentration in stabilizing suspension liquid film.展开更多
基金Financial support from China Geological Survey (1212011085523)the "Chunhui" project of the Ministry of Education of China
文摘1 Introduction There are numerous salt lakes in western China(Zheng Mianping,et al.,2011).Yiliping playa on the western Qaidam Basin is a magnesium sulfate subtype dry salt lake with high concentrations of potassium,boron and lithium.
基金This work could be carried out due to the financial supported from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31761133019)National Key Research and Development Plan of China(No.2017YFD0700903,2017YFD0200300)National Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System of China(No.CARS-28-20).
文摘Pesticide droplet is evaporating during the falling from the nozzle to the target.This dynamic evaporation is influenced by ambient temperature,relative humidity(RH),adjuvant type and concentration.In the evaporation process,the droplet size at different height is affected by the droplet evaporation.Based on this,this study determined the droplet dynamic evaporation by collecting the droplets from different height via silicone oil method with a certain temperature and RH.Eight adjuvants were chosen,including three organo-silicon,three vegetable oil and two non-ionic,with five concentrations.All droplets were generated by a droplet generator.The results showed that the type of adjuvant,ambient temperature and RH had no significant influence on droplet size generated by droplet generator.All the adjuvants in this experiment cannot reduce dynamic evaporation;Concentration of adjuvant made a difference in dynamic evaporation.This could be because of the property of adjuvant.Organo-silicon adjuvants have a negative correlation with water vapor pressure,it showed less dynamic evaporation at high temperature and RH.Vegetable oil and non-ionic adjuvant,they are the same as the controlled blank that the dynamic evaporation reduces with decreasing temperature and increasing RH.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No 2016YFA0301503the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11674358 and 11434015the Instrument Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No YJKYYQ20170025
文摘We experimentally observe the dynamic evolution of atoms in the evaporative cooling, by in-situ imaging the plugged hole of ultracold atoms. Ultracold rubidium atoms confined in a magnetic trap are plugged using a blue-detuned laser beam with a waist of 20 m at a wavelength of 767 nm. We probe the variation of the atomic temperature and width versus the radio frequency in the evaporative cooling. Both the behaviors are in good agreement with the calculation of the trapping potential dressed by the rf signal above the threshold temperature,while deviating from the calculation near the phase transition. To accurately obtain the atomic width, we use the plugged hole as the reference to optimize the optical imaging system by precisely minimizing the artificial structures due to the defocus effect.
文摘The characteristics of seasonal and annual changes of potential evaporation,the variations of thermal and dynamical evaporation in different seasons and the relationshipsbetween potential evaporation and meteorological elements were analyzed according to the observeddata of 9 stations from 1961 to 2001 in the Tianjin region of China. Analyses indicate that thermalevaporation is the main part of the potential evaporation and offers about 90% fraction of to it insummer, while in winter the dynamical evaporation is greater than the thermal one, especially inJan. , offering 100% contribution, that the influence of temperature on the change of potentialevaporation was much larger than that of wind, vapor pressure and sunshine duration, and potentialevaporation increased by 30. 33mm with temperature raise 1℃, and that potential evaporation had asurprising increasing tendency, in particular during the recent decade, with the velocity of 4.22mm/a. The potential evaporation in the Tianjin region will be higher than the past, especially onthe global warming background, so that it has the great effects not only on the climatic forcingchanges, but also on development of city and e-conomy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 11872357,11622222,and 12002338)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant XDB22040403)+4 种基金the Thousand Young Talents Program of China,the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(Grant BX20190318)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant 2019M662188)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant WK2090000017)the USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative(Grant YD2480002001)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant 2008085QA24).
文摘The ability of particles to stabilize liquid films has broad applications in many fields,such as drug delivery,biofuel catalysis,and crude-oil separation.The mechanism of particles to stabilize emulsions has been widely studied.However,how particles affect the stability of suspension films is still unclear.Here,the dynamics of bacterial particles on free liquid films during evaporation is obtained by direct microscopic observation.We find that the initial concentration of the bacterial solution affects the evolution of the shapes and stabilities of liquid films.The liquid film with a low bacterial concentration exhibits a drainage and rupture process similar to pure water,and bacteria would be evacuated during the evaporation of liquid film.However,when the bacterial concentration is high,bacteria form a single-layer array in the center of the film and greatly enhance the stability of the liquid film.We demonstrate that these two distinct film evaporation dynamics are caused by the difference in the lateral capillary force of the particles at different positions on the liquid film,which is not affected by the active motility of particle.Together,our research reveals the critical role of bacteria concentration in stabilizing suspension liquid film.