TCM diagnosis and treatment theory of chronic complete occlusion of coronary artery based on etiology and pathogenesis

Chronic total occlusive disease of the coronary artery belongs to the category of"chest palsy"and"true heart pain"in traditional Chinese medicine.Its etiology has two aspects:deficiency of blood,blood stasis,qi stagnation,and phlegm.Failure can be caused by deficiency or disease.The pathogenesis of this disease is caused by obstruction of the heart pulse,and its pathogenesis can be transformed into each other.The theory of traditional Chinese medicine believes that the general rule is not painful.Therefore,the treatment of coronary CTO lesions should be based on the combination of Tong and Tong tonic.The chronic complete occlusive disease of the coronary artery can be treated through Xuanbi Tongyang,Huoxue Tongluo,and Aroma Wentong.Based on the Chinese medicine's understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of coronary CTO lesions,it provides a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,solves the problems of interventional medicine in western medicine,and gives play to the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Mechanism of sex hormone level in biological clock disorder induced acne and analysis of TCM Pathogenesis

Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous units. And sex hormone level disorder has became a hot research topic in the pathogenesis of acne. Studies show that the biological clock disorder can result in the disorder of sex hormone levels which causes or aggravates acne. Biological clock disorder coincides naturally with "sleep rhythm disorder" in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM). In this paper, we will discuss the modern medical mechanism of the biological clock disorder resulting in acne from the angle of sex hormones, and analyze the TCM pathogenesis of the disease caused by the disorder of the biological clock.

Helicobacter pylori and functional dyspepsia: An unsolved issue?

Patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may complain of dyspeptic symptoms without presence of macroscopic lesions on gastroduodenal mucosa. Such a condition is usually recognized as functional dyspepsia, and different pathogenetic mechanisms are involved. The role of H. pylori in these patients is controversial. Several trials assessed the potential role of H. pylori eradication in improving dyspeptic symptoms, and data of some meta-analyses demonstrated that cure of infection is associated with a small (10%), but significant therapeutic gain as compared to placebo. The reason for which dyspeptic symptoms regress in some patients following bacterial eradication, but persist in others remains unclear. Regrettably, trials included in the meta-analyses are somewhat different for study design, definition of symptoms, assessment of symptoms changes, and some may be flawed by potential pitfalls. Consequently, the information could be not consistent. We critically reviewed the main available trials, attempting to address future research in this field

Rules and Characteristics of TCM Treatment Prescriptions for Patients with Decreased Ovarian Reserve

[Objectives]To analyze the characteristics and rules of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in the treatment of decreased ovarian reserve(DOR)in Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine.[Methods]A total of 107 patients with DOR in Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine were selected for sorting,and the usage,classification,nature,taste and meridian homing of the used drugs were statistically analyzed.[Results]A total of 107 patients were included in this stud and a total of 189 flavors of TCM are used.The total frequency of drugs was 4345 times,and a total of 535 prescriptions were issued.The top five frequency of drug use were 2261 times(50.04%)of Paeoniae Radix Alba(Cynanchum otophyllum Schneid.),2037 times(46.88%)of Corni Fructus(Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc.),1818 times(41.84%)of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata[Rehmannia glutinosa(Gaertn.)Libosch EX Fisch.et Mey.],1610 times(37.05%)of Guiban[Chinemys reevesii(Gray)],and 1303 times(29.99%)of Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis(Uncariar hynchophylla Miq.ex Havil.).Kidney deficiency syndrome accounted for the largest proportion at 51.40%,and the use frequency of tonic drugs accounted for the highest at 50.64%;heat-clearing drugs and qi and blood-boosting drugs separately accounted for 19.24%and 17.39%;the top 3 medicinal tastes are sweet(52.02%),pungent(20.71%)and bitter(20.32%);medicinal properties are ranked as warm(60.54%),cold(24.16%),hot(8.72%)and cool(6.49%);the main meridians are spleen,lung,liver,stomach and kidney.[Conclusions]The basic pathogenesis of DOR is deficiency of qi and blood,mainly due to dysfunction of the spleen,lung,liver,liver,stomach and other organs,and kidney deficiency and spleen deficiency are more common.

Zhang Xijian, a famous Chinese medicine practitioner in China, discusses the pathogenesis characteristics of adolescent central obesity based on "qi change theory"

Obesity[1]is a group of common and ancient metabolic diseases.Central obesity is common in clinical practice.Due to the simple constitution of adolescents,their pathogenesis is simple and changeable,or there is a mixture of cold and heat,or a mixture of cold and heat,or the same disease on the surface,and the pathogenesis of traditional Chinese medicine is complex and changeable.The pathogenesis of TCM pathogenesis of adolescent central obesity is analyzed with examples to provide new theoretical ideas for the treatment of obesity by Chinese medicine.

Rules of Ren Shunping's prescription for trearing Spleen Deficiency and Qi Stagnation Syndrome of Functional Dyspepsia Based on Data Mining

Objective:To explore the medication rules of Professor Ren Shunping treating spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia,so as to provide reference for clinical prevention and development of new drugs.Methods:The 144 Chinese herbal formulas considered as active prescribed by professor Ren Shunping for the first time treating the patients with spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia were collected,entered into TCM inheritance auxiliary platform(V2.5),and then mined by some data mining methods of the software,such as the association rules and unsupervised entropy hierarchical clustering.Results:This study involved 144 Chinese herbal formulas,including a total of 56 Chinese herbal medicines.Of these Chinese herbal medicines,the herbs of cold and warm nature,and pungent,bitter and sweet in flavors were used in a quite high frequency,all of which act on spleen,stomach,lungs,large intestine,liver and gallbladder meridians.One core Chinese herbal formula was excavated,composed of patchouli,perilla stem,radix bupleuri,scutellaria,ginger pinellia,codonopsispilosula,magnolia bark,tangerine peel,large-headed atractylodes,immature bitter orange,wood incense,fructus amomi,inula britannica chinensis,ginger,medicated leaven,fried rice and fried malt based on the association rules.And a total of 17 groups of core used drugs and 2 groups of new Chinese herbal formulas undiscovered were mined based on unsupervised entropy hierarchical clustering.Conclusion:In treating spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia,professor Ren is good at treating spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome of functional dyspepsia from the perspective of"tong jiang",using the"five-in-one"strategy of strengthening the spleen,evacuating the liver,coming down qi from the stomach,dispersing lung,and bowel-reflexing to treat patients as a whole.And the herbal medicines were light in dose,lovely and mild in nature for the formulars.At the same time,he paid attention to the combination of syndromes and symptoms,and flexible arbitration.

Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of dyspepsia following spleen stomach weakness

Dyspepsia is a clinical syndrome caused by gastric motility disorder,including gastroparesis and esophageal reflux disease.Dyspepsia of spleen stomach weakness type is the most common TCM syndrome type in clinic.TCM has unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of spleen stomach weakness dyspepsia.This paper summarizes the research progress of TCM in the prevention and treatment of spleen stomach weakness dyspepsia in recent years,discusses its mechanism and advantages,and analyzes the existing problems,so as to provide research ideas and directions for TCM to further prevent and treat the disease and improve human quality of life.

国医大师周仲瑛融贯古今创建病机理论新体系学术思想述要

概述了国医大师周仲瑛教授以创建中医病机理论新体系为核心学术思想的探索历程、学术意义,对其理论内涵进行解读。作为中医高等教育教材建设的开拓者,周仲瑛教授创建了中医内科脏腑辨证纲要,坚持不懈开展病机理论创新研究,取得丰硕的学术成果,充实、发展了中医理论学术体系。在对外感热病和内伤急难症临床诊疗过程中,系统创建了瘀热论、癌毒论等病机新理论,据此立法用药能够提高临床疗效,感悟出辨识病机是辨证论治的关键环节。周仲瑛教授晚年以整体观为指引,提出“病机十三条”,构建了中医病机辨证新体系,突出复合病机、病机要素因果链对临床复杂性病证的指导价值,形成以“审证求机,活化辨证”思想为灵魂的理论。该理论突破了从单一病机或固定证型辨证论治的僵化思维,以整体观思想重构了中医理论框架,是现代中医学的一次重大学术创新。

隐性听力损失中医病机及防治研究进展

隐性听力损失是以纯音听阈正常,噪声背景下言语识别能力降低为主要症状的疾病,噪声暴露、药物损伤、年龄老化是主要的致病危险因素,其发病隐匿,容易忽视,危险因素持续暴露可造成不可逆听力损伤,目前临床多无有效的治疗方法,以早期预防为主。根据隐性听力损失的致病因素及发病机制,探讨隐性听力损失的中医病机,认为脾虚湿滞、清窍蒙蔽、肾元不足、邪聚耳窍为致病的内在因素,毒邪犯耳、内毒留滞、毒瘀经络为病理机制,并对近年来隐性听力损失的预防与治疗研究概况做一总结,为中医药治疗隐性听力损失研究提供理论依据和临床经验。

基于癌毒理论探讨胃癌前病变的辨治思路

胃癌前病变是一类具有明显癌变危险的胃部慢性疾病,早期干预胃癌前病变,是胃癌二级预防的重要手段。吴勉华教授基于脾胃功能特点和癌毒理论,认为情志不畅是胃癌前病变的诱发因素,脾胃虚弱是基本病机,痰瘀互结是关键病机,癌毒蓄积是病理特征;辨证以辨病位、辨病理因素、辨病性为要点;治疗以疏肝利胆为先,运脾和胃为本,化痰祛瘀为治疗核心,抗癌解毒贯穿始终;注重病机的兼夹转化;遣方用药以理气不伤阴、滋阴不碍脾、化瘀不伤正、补益不助邪为主要原则,从而发挥中医药优势与特色,为胃癌前病变的临床诊治提供思路与借鉴。

中医辨证治疗妊娠期高血压疾病3例

妊娠期高血压疾病为妊娠期特有疾病,发病率较高,发病机制复杂。其治疗目的和原则是防止子痫,降低母婴严重并发症的发生。本研究回顾了3例中医辨证治疗妊娠期高血压疾病的临床医案,通过临床应用中医药辨证施治以祛邪消因,恢复机体平衡,使妊娠得以正常运行,验证了中医中药辨证施治妊娠期高血压疾病的有效性和可行性,分析了其中的治疗机制,为妊娠期高血压疾病的临床治疗提供了新的思路和方法。

基于生物信息学方法探讨骨质疏松症不同病因病机的治疗要点

目的:探讨在生物信息学方法指导下骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)不同病因病机的治疗要点。方法:以滋补肝肾、益气健脾、活血化瘀代表药物为搜索词,在中药系统药理数据库检索活性成分及预测靶点,借助Cytoscape 3.7.2软件构建药物与靶点之间的网络图。通过基因表达数据库(gene expression omnibus database,GEO)相关芯片分析差异基因,结合疾病数据库获取OP所有疾病靶点并构建药物与疾病的关键靶点韦恩图。通过DAVID数据库对关键靶点进行基因本体及京都基因与基因组百科全书富集,以探讨不同病因病机下OP的防治要点。结果:滋补肝肾、益气健脾及活血化瘀组分别筛选出146个、126个及117个靶点,GEO数据库筛选出1173个差异基因,疾病数据库筛选出靶点336个,去重整合后共获得OP靶点1469个。滋补肝肾、益气健脾组映射出25个相同靶点,活血化瘀组映射出21个关键靶点。基因可视化分析发现肝肾亏虚及脾胃虚弱型OP的治疗要点,且主要集中在肿瘤坏死因子通路、核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体通路等方面;气血瘀阻型的治疗要点主要在血管内皮生长因子通路、缺氧诱导因子1通路等方面。结论:OP具有复杂的病因病机,在对症治疗时,肝肾亏虚及脾胃虚弱型更应注重控制体内炎症水平,气血瘀阻型更应注意体内局部血管构建及纠正缺氧状态。同时,众多病因病机之间存在着相似病理过程,也应注重全面调控及防治。

病毒性心肌炎心房颤动的中医病机及治疗

病毒性心肌炎(VMC)多由感染嗜心肌性病毒,引起免疫炎症反应,从而导致心肌病变,而心房颤动是其重要的临床表现之一。中医辨证论治VMC有一定优势。VMC心房颤动的主要病机为正气不足,外感风邪,与湿、热、瘀、毒、虚等证候要素有关,“风惊悸”是对其最经典的概括。本文对VMC心房颤动急性期、缓解期、恢复期和慢性期四个疾病发展阶段分别以利湿、益气、养阴、温阳为治法,进行辨证论治,期待为VCM心房颤动的治疗提供理论支持。

从“六郁”论代谢相关脂肪性肝病的理论与临床实践

代谢相关脂肪性肝病已成为全球第一大肝病,包括单纯性脂肪变性,脂肪性肝炎,纤维化/肝硬化与肝癌,常与代谢综合征相关。其病理复杂,国内尚无新药上市。既往中医认识或从食,或从痰湿,或从湿热,或从肝郁脾虚等论治,但细致分析其疾病的病理过程与中医“六郁”理论相吻合。本文简要介绍了六郁致病理论的源流、导致脂肪肝的“六郁”病变特点,辨治要点与临床实践等,以期通过对代谢相关脂肪肝中医病机的深入认识,促进临床治疗进展。

代谢相关脂肪性肝病的发病机制与中医病机

代谢相关脂肪性肝病(MAFLD)是目前全球最常见的肝脏疾病。MAFLD不仅本身易进展为肝炎、肝纤维化和肝硬化等不良结局,还常常伴发共患病,如糖尿病、高血压、高血脂、高尿酸血症及心脑血管疾病。病因治疗是疾病治疗的基石,由于MAFLD具有复杂性和不良转归,因此,探索MAFLD的发病机制,并据此开发有效的防治方案和新药等具有重大意义。本文将从遗传因素,饮食不节和氧化应激,脾胃湿热和胰岛素抵抗,湿热邪气和有机酸代谢,肠道微生态几个方面对MAFLD的发病机制进行综述。

不同辨证体系中类风湿关节炎中医病机研究进展

类风湿关节炎属于一种以周围关节骨质损害为主要特征的自身免疫性疾病。中医学对其曾多以病因角度辨证,且多从风、寒、湿、热论治,其他辨证体系涉及较少。近年来,类风湿关节炎病机的相关研究得到广泛重视,其辨证体系和角度的探索也得到进一步拓展。该文对近年发表的有关中医治疗类风湿关节炎的文献进行梳理总结,从脏腑理论、气血津液理论及络病理论共三种辨证体系论述其论治研究进展。期望通过该文的归纳、分类与总结,为今后类风湿关节炎的病机研究和证型分类提供参考和思路。

从“毒”论治慢性肝病思路探讨

中医“毒邪”理论内涵丰富,“毒”与慢性肝病的发生发展密切相关,从“毒”论治是慢性肝病的重要治法。本文通过归纳古今文献阐释“毒”相关理论,结合临床经验认为“毒”在慢性肝病中具有偏性较强、毒性缠绵、复杂多变等致病特点,提出“毒使病生,毒致病进”观点,探讨从“毒”论治慢性肝病的思路,包括溯清毒源、厘清毒性、甄别毒变、扶正祛毒,以期为慢性肝病的临床治疗提供参考。

基于“阴阳水火”论心力衰竭合并失眠中医病机及治疗思路

失眠是心力衰竭患者常见伴发症状,且常可相互为患。作者基于“阴阳水火”理论,提出该病以阴阳疲怠为启病之本、阴阳失和为变病之著、阴阳失济为助病之澜、阴阳待决为重病之末。临证时应以“恢复人体阴阳水火”为本,初以气血同调,尤重参芪之用;病进为虚火燔灼时,每予寒热并用、阴中求阳,并配肉桂引火归元、黄连驱火下交于肾,但应注意中病即止,勿削元气;待病以阴水肆虐为患,则应于阳中求阴,以姜附与熟地黄、山药、麦冬等阴药相配,且不可妄用峻下逐水之法。此外,治病之时还应遵从四时阴阳节律、掌握病情顺逆规律,如夏时重于利水,冬时重于温补,阴水泛溢之时避免刺络、点滴等,通过尽早纠正阴阳失衡之势以阻止病进。从“阴阳水火”切入重新审度心力衰竭合并失眠之因机证治,可化繁为简,返璞归真。

绝经后骨质疏松症的中医病机认识及治疗进展

绝经后骨质疏松症(Postmenopausal Osteoporosis,PMOP)是临床常见的以全身骨骼疼痛、易于并发骨折为特征的全身代谢性骨骼疾病,具有发病率高、致残率及致死率极高、医疗费用高及治疗依从性低、诊断率低、治疗率低等特点,后期通常并发腰椎、腕关节及髋部骨折等,特别是其并发的髋部骨折被称为“人生最后一次骨折”。随着近年来社会人口老龄化速率加快,其发病率亦显著增加,严重影响患者生活质量及生活水平,消耗着国家有限的医疗资源,关于其防治已成为全球关注的公共卫生健康问题。中医将其归属于“骨痿”“骨痹”“骨枯”等范畴,认为其发病与肾精不足,肝阴血虚,脾胃虚弱,瘀血阻络或少阳经气阻塞导致脏腑气血不充,少阳经气不利紧密相关。当前其治疗以西药治疗为主,在取得临床疗效的同时亦显示出明显的不良反应。随着近年来中医药防治PMOP研究的不断深入,中医药治疗骨质疏松日渐得到重视,大量研究及临床用药经验得出,中医药治疗能够在取得临床疗效的同时有效地规避西药治疗带来的不良反应,显示出良好的临床效果及独特的优势。文章从中医对PMOP病名及病因病机的认识、传统中药或复方治疗及非药物治疗的临床效果方面做一综述,以期为PMOP的临床防治提供参考借鉴。

心房颤动的中西医研究进展

西医认为,心房颤动(简称房颤)的发病机制与心房的电重构、结构重构、炎症因子、氧化应激及分子遗传机制等因素有一定的相关性,临床治疗房颤除了使用常规抗心律失常药物外,射频消融术、左心耳封堵术等非药物疗法也有较好的疗效。中医则认为,房颤的病因病机多为本虚标实,其中本虚多以气阴两虚为主,标实多以痰浊、瘀血、水饮为主。历代医家治疗房颤是在经方、时方、验方的基础上结合临证经验而自拟方剂,可获得较好疗效。目前,关于房颤的研究仍存在以下问题:(1)缺乏从不同机制的交叉关系去研究是否存在有共同的靶点或信号通路;(2)中医证型较为繁杂,尚无统一的诊疗规范及疗效判定标准;(3)缺乏大样本、多中心、随机的双盲试验。今后,应充分利用现代药理学研究,探究中药疗效背后存在的作用机制,从而开展严谨、有效的大样本的临床试验。