E-Commerce Supply Chain Process Optimization Based on Whole-Process Sharing of Internet of Things Identification Technology

With in-depth development of the Internet of Things(IoT)in various industries,the informatization process of various industries has also entered the fast lane.This article aims to solve the supply chain process problem in e-commerce,focusing on the specific application of Internet of Things technology in e-commerce.Warehousing logistics is an important link in today’s e-commerce transactions.This article proposes a distributed analysis method for RFID-based e-commerce warehousing process optimization and an e-commerce supply chain management process based on Internet of Things technology.This article first introduces the advantages and disadvantages of shared IoT identification technology and the IoT resource sharing platform based on the three-layer abstract data model and representational state transfer(REST)style.Combining actual IoT applications and the characteristics of an existing platform,a REST-based IoT resource sharing platform is proposed.Combined with actual projects,a REST-based IoT resource sharing platform was built,and key technology experiments were conducted for verification.Finally,optimizing the e-commerce supply chain management process under Internet of Things technology and explaining the advantages of optimized e-commerce supply chain management are discussed.Research on this subject provides a theoretical basis for the application of the Internet of Things in e-commerce and has practical significance and practical value for managing service capabilities and service levels in e-commerce.

E-commerce Supply Chain Management Research

This paper describes the characteristics of the supply chain e-commerce era, understands the concept,content and objectives of supply chain management,and raises supply chain management model,and also analyzes e-commerce supply chain architecture.On the existing architecture,elaborates the build about e-commerce supply chain management system, along with proposing strategic directions of e-commerce supply chain management,including JIT, quick response, efficient customer response, enterprise resource planning and electronic ordering system,and discusses in detail the effects of various policy for the entire e-commerce supply chain management.

To Explore the Innovation of Mobile E-commerce Model in Service Industry From the Perspective of Supply Chain

This paper analyzed the service supply chain of the domestic industry, tourist industry, information service industry in the mobile e-business environment, according to the function of different participators in supply chain and their relationship between each other, this paper obtained different patterns of different industry in the mobile e-commerce environment.

Financing Decisions Analysis of E-commerce Supply Chain Finance for Fresh Agricultural Products in China

The supply chain finance(SCF)solutions are becoming increasingly diversified with the continuous perfection of the economic system.However,financing for small and medium sized enterprises(SMEs)is still a difficult issue waiting to be solved by enterprises and the government in China.SCF solutions based on e-commerce platforms have developed rapidly in China that provide an alternative for SMEs when few studies have been conducted on e-commerce SCF solutions which focus on fresh agricultural products.Therefore,this research focuses on the SCF solutions applicable to e-commerce enterprises of fresh agricultural products.

Research of Order Allocation of E-commerce Logistics Service Supply Chain Considering Customer Evaluation

Based on the importance of customer evaluation for developing e-commerce enterprises,this paper analyzes the customer evaluation as a fuzzy variable and establishes a multi-objective mixed integer order allocation planning model by considering customer satisfaction,which maximizes customer praise and minimizes procurement cost.As the optimization goal,transaction cost is optimized for the order allocation of the secondary e-commerce logistics service supply chain.In order to defuzzify the customer evaluation,a fuzzy evaluation method is designed to transform the customer evaluation from fuzzy language evaluation to numerical measurement.Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the model are verified by using a specific example,and the order is made for the e-commerce enterprise.The allocation provides a theoretical reference.

Analyzing the Construction of the International Logistics Supply Chain Management Model from the Perspective of Cross-Border E-commerce

Cross-border e-commerce has progressively evolved with the deepening of economic globalization,and it now holds a significant place in the field of e-commerce.However,due to China’s late entry into the international logistics supply chain,there are issues such as complex environment,uneven information technology,and disagreements on standards,resulting in certain cross-border e-commerce disadvantages in China.Therefore,in this context,this study analyzes the construction of international logistics supply chain management model from the perspective of cross-border e-commerce,so as to provide some reference for the development of China’s international logistics supply chain.

Remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain network design based on genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm

As the huge computation and easily trapped local optimum in remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain network (RCSCN) design considered, a genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm was proposed. The total cost of closed-loop supply chain was selected as fitness function, and a unique and tidy coding mode was adopted in the proposed algorithm. Then, some mutation and crossover operators were introduced to achieve discrete optimization of RCSCN structure. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can gain global optimal solution with good convergent performance and rapidity. The computing speed is only 22.16 s, which is shorter than those of the other optimization algorithms.

Closed-loop supply chain network equilibrium strategy model with environmental protection objectives

With the increasing popularity of ecological civilization and sustainable development,enterprises should consider environmental protection measures in their operations in addition to pursue their economic interests.This paper establsihes a closed-loop supply chain network model composed of multiple suppliers,manufacturers,retailers,recyclers,and demand markets—regarding their dual goals of the profit maximization and the minimization of carbon emissions.The conditions necessary for establishing overall equilibrium and an equilibrium model of the entire closed-loop supply chain network are determined by applying variational inequality and dual theory.A modified projection contraction algorithm is used to design a model-solving program.Finally,using numerical examples,the paper conducts a comparative static analysis on important parameters such as the weight coefficients of environmental protection objectives and consumers'awareness of low-carbon environmental protection and attains some beneficial enlightenment on management.The results indicate that when the environmental protection objectives of a certain type of enterprise increases,both the economic benefits and environmental protection performance will improve;when the environmental protection objectives of all enterprises increases simultaneously,environmental protection performance improves significantly,but the changes in economic benefits of different enterprises are inconsistent and profit coordination is more complex.Although consumers’awareness of low-carbon preference could improve environmental performance,it reduces the overall profits of network members and the entire closed-loop supply chain network as a whole.The above conclusions can be used as a reference for the government in designing low-carbon environmental protection policy and in closed-loop supply chain research.

Pricing and decision of carbon emission reduction for closed-loop supply chain considering carbon trading mechanism

To determine the optimal pricing and carbon emission reduction decision, a closed-loop supply chain with a manufacturer and a retailer is investigated. In this system, the manufacturer manufactures new products and remanufactures used products while the retailer is responsible for selling new products and remanufactured products. The profit functions of the manufacturer and the retailer are developed, and the corresponding solution formulae for decision variables are given by the Stackelberg game model. Finally, a numerical example is given, and the optimal wholesale price, retail price, carbon emission reduction and others are obtained. Through the sensitivity of the unit carbon allowance price, some significant managerial insights are derived.

Decision and Coordination of an E-commerce Supply Chain Considering Returns and Network Externalities

Considering the large number of returns in online sales and the network externalities of e-platforms,we develop a decentralized model and a centralized model to explore the impacts of returns and network externalities on e-commerce supply chain(ECSC)decisions.We show that in the decentralized model,the service level,price,market demand,and ECSC members’profits increase with the network externality strength.However,the service level and price increase,while the market demand and ECSC members’profits decrease with the product return rate.The centralized model is the optimal operating mode when it is properly coordinated.We design the“commission and return cost-sharing”contract to optimize ECSC,in which the proportion of the e-platform’s sharing of the return handling cost is exactly equal to the proportion of the system profit after coordination.Based on the decentralized model,we develop two extended models in which we endogenize the impacts of the service level and return rate on the network externality strength.Through comparisons between the extended and decentralized models,we show that high-quality service can improve ECSC’s profitability,while a high return rate hurts its economic performance.

Improving the Performance of Urban Waste Management Systems in the Context of a Closed-Loop Supply Chain

The saving of non-renewable energies, as well as the reduction of emissions into the environment, are two crucial objectives of industrial production. The recovery of post-consumer products associated with the use of end-of-life products is part of a context of optimization of these objectives. This recovery maximizes the use of resources from end-of-life products in a circular logic while recording the environmental footprint. This study considers a recycling strategy adapted to the need and urgency to reduce greenhouse gas emissions caused by global warming. The proposed model aims to optimize the profits of the circular manufacturing strategies while minimizing operational costs (collection, sorting, recycling), transport, GHG emissions and recycling. In this paper, a compromise between the gains of CM and the costs associated with it was studied. The robustness of the designed model was tested using a case study based on real-world scenarios. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to study the impact of the emission cost on the overall objective, considering the two options currently offered to industries. The obtained results support companies to take the ecological aspect into account and integrate sustainable development into their strategic axes for their logistics supply chains.

Dynamic Pricing Model for the Operation of Closed-Loop Supply Chain System

A class of closed-loop supply chain system consisting of one manufacturer and one supplier is designed, in which re-distribution, remanufacturing and reuse are considered synthetically. The manufacturer is in charge of recollecting and re-disposal the used products. Demands of ultimate products and collecting quantity of used products are described as the function of prices and reference prices. A non-linear dynamic pricing model for this closed-loop supply chain is established. A numerical example is designed, and the results of this example verified the model’s validity to price for the operation of closed-loop supply chain system.

Decision model for closed loop supply chain with uncertain demand and price-dependent returns

A single product closed-loop supply chain that satisfies an uncertain market demand with original and remanufactured products is considered.The yield of the recovery process is random and depends on the acquisition price offered for the end-of-life products.In such a stochastic setting,a firm needs to make production and procurement decisions so that the total expected profit is maximized.Both centralized and decentralized models are established depending on the party collecting the returns.The optimal acquisition price and production quantities of original and remanufactured products are determined for the firm.The contracts to coordinate the decentralized systems are chosen and the optimal contract parameters are determined.A computational experiment is given to show the effects of recovery parameters on the system performance.Results show that the recovery parameters have a high impact on the profitability of the manufacturer in the centralized model and on that of the collection agency in the decentralized model.

Coordination for a Closed-loop Supply Chain with Recycling Platform Considering Dynamic Setting

This paper presents a dynamic closed-loop supply chain(CLSC)model,incorporating a manufacturer,a retailer,and an internet recycling platform(IRP),utilizing differential game theory while considering the forgetting effect of consumers.The model encompasses factors such as the quality level of used products and Big Data marketing(BDM),comparing optimal equilibriums under decentralized and cooperative decision scenarios.To effectively coordinate the dynamic CLSC at each time point,we propose a revenue-sharing and cost-sharing(RSCS)combined contract.In addition to ensuring reasonable sharing of revenues and costs,this contract allows the manufacturer to flexibly adjust wholesale prices for final products and transfer prices for used products in order to distribute profits appropriately and achieve Pareto optimality within the CLSC system.Furthermore,our results indicate that there exists a threshold for Big Data marketing efficiency;high-efficiency BDM not only facilitates increased recycling on Internet platforms but also reduces unit recycling costs for enterprises.Interestingly,when implementing the combined contract,Big Data marketing efficiency does not impact the transfer price paid by manufacturers to Internet recycling platforms.

Literature Review on Network Design Problems in Closed Loop and Reverse Supply Chains

The productivity of an organization is very much affected by non-value adding activity like logistics, which moves the resources from suppliers to factory, raw materials/semi-finished items within the factory and finished goods from factory to customers via a designated distribution channel called as forward logistics. In some cases, parts of the products such as automobiles, computers, cameras, mobile phones, washing machines, refrigerators, garments, footwear and empty glass bottles of beverages, etc. will be brought back to the factories as a product recovery strategy through reverse logistics network which is integrated in a sustainable closed loop supply chain network. So, it is highly essential to optimize the movement of the items in the reverse logistics network. This paper gives a comprehensive review of literature of the design of networks for the reverse logistics as well as for the reverse logistics coupled with forward logistics. The contributions of the researchers are classified into nine categories based on the methods used to design the logistics network.

A Study on the Application Model of B2B E-Commerce in the Agricultural Sector

There are two main application models of B2B e-commerce, which are best suitable for agricultural sector. One is the e-market intermediation model (EMIM), and the other is the Integrative content center model (ICCM). Based on the analysis of these two models in application field of agriculture, a conclusion is drawn that these two models will be the main application ones of agricultural e-commerce at present, while ICCM will be a transition from local e-commerce to integrative e-commerce. The future development of agricultural e-commerce will follow the direction of integrative e-commerce which is based on the supply chain model on the E-Hubs. And a new framework of integrative e-commerce is presented as a conclusion at last.

Collection Cost Screening Mechanism in a Closedloop Supply Chain

Recently, the product remanufacturing has been a hot topic in the field of operational management, and more manufacturers are beginning to recover the value in their end of life （EOI.） products hy remanufacturing. This paper focuses on the closed loop supply chain where the retailer takes charge of not only retail, but also col- lection. There are two possible types of the retailer＇s collection cost as an assumption, i.e. high cost or low cost, and the retailer knows his type, whereas the manufacturer only has a prior prohability over the two possible cost types. This paper deploys the contracts with which the manufacturer can screen the type of the retailer to improve her profit under incomplete information. As a result, the pooling contract can perfectly coordinate the decentral- ized system under incomplete information, but the manufacturer obtains the lower profit; nevertheless, with the separating contracts the manufacturer obtains the larger profits though the system profit is lower.

Pricing Decision of E-Commerce Supply Chains with Return and Online Review of Product Quality

The online review function helps consumers grasp more real product information and reduce the possibility of returning, but it may also damage firms’ reputations or profits. However, few studies considered the relationship between online reviews and consumer returns. Based on this, we develop an e-commerce supply chain(E-SC) game model consisting of a single manufacturer and a single e-platform, aiming to explore the relationship between consumer returns and online reviews and to analyze the impact on both the decision-making of E-SC members and their profits. We find that there is a negative relationship between consumer returns and online reviews of product quality, and consumer returns make the pricing decisions in the two scenarios of yes/no online reviews move toward two different directions. Only when the online review is positive and higher than a certain threshold will it have a positive impact on sales and E-SC members’ profits. Finally, we design a new “commission joint returns and quality improvement costs sharing” contract to optimize the decentralized model with online reviews, and we find that the higher the accuracy of product information, the less conducive the contract applied to E-SC.

Performance evaluation model of cross border e-commerce supply chain based on LMBP feedback neural network

In recent years,with the support of national policies,Cross Border E-Commerce(CBEC)has developed rapidly.This business model not only brings significant benefits to the national economy,but also has many unique challenges,especially at the level of supply chain management.Therefore,to enable CBEC enterprises to develop sustainable supply chain,this study discusses the performance evaluation model of supply chain and proposes a CBEC Supply Chain Performance Evaluation Model(CBECSC-EM)based on the Levenberg–Marquardt Backpropagation(LMBP)algorithm.This experiment constructs performance evaluation indicators for the supply chain of CBEC enterprises.On this basis,the LMBP algorithm is introduced,and improved in the experiment to make the overall performance of the evaluation model more scientific and reasonable.In the verification set,the maximum F1 values of LMBP,DEA,SBM,and BP are 98.46%,93.78%,87.29%,and 78.95%,respectively.The MAPE value of LMBP model is 0.102%,which is lower than the other three methods(0.282%,0.343%,and 0.385%)selected in the experiment.The maximum standard deviation rates of importance and operability of the evaluation indexes are 0.1346 and 0.1405,respectively,and there is a significant consistency between the expert scores.Therefore,the LMBP algorithm has broad application prospects in supply chain performance evaluation of CBEC enterprises.

Price Masking Strategy of Cross-Border E-Commerce Platform Financing

E-commerce platform financing is a new service pattern of supply chain finance.However,this pattern may bring some new issues when considering the problem of cash flow shortage and financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises.When enterprises use this service,they worry about the leakage of preferential wholesale price when applying the full loan amount and providing the true transaction information.Based on the model consisting of a supplier,a retailer and a cross-border e-commerce platform,the authors design a price masking strategy to prevent the retailer’s preferential wholesale price information from leakage.The authors analyze the profit of the retailer and the platform before and after adopting the price masking strategy.The authors find that the price masking strategy always benefits the retailer.Besides,the optimal profit of the retailer and the platform are both affected by the loan interest rate.Moreover,there exists a range of loan interest rates that can benefit both the retailer and the platform if the price masking strategy is adopted.The research emphasizes that platform can expand the total business volume by allowing retailers to use price masking strategy.In other words,there will be more and more retailers attracted by the strategy,which benefits the long-term growth of cross-border e-commerce platform financing.