The diagnosis of pancreatic cancer associates an appalling significance.Detection of preinvasive stage of pancreatic cancer will ameliorate the survival of this deadly disease.Premalignant lesions such as Intraductal ...The diagnosis of pancreatic cancer associates an appalling significance.Detection of preinvasive stage of pancreatic cancer will ameliorate the survival of this deadly disease.Premalignant lesions such as Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms or Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms of the pancreas are detectable on imaging exams and this permits their management prior their invasive development.Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms(PanIN)are the most frequent precursors of pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDAC),and its particular type PanIN high-grade represents the malignant non-invasive form of PDAC.Unfortunately,PanINs are not detectable on radiologic exams.Nevertheless,they can associate indirect imaging signs which would rise the diagnostic suspicion.When this suspicion is established,the patient will be enrolled in a follow-up strategy that includes performing of blood test and serial imaging test such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging,which will cost in the best-case scenario a burden of healthcare systems,and potential mortality in the worst-case scenario when the patient underwent resection surgery,worthless when there is no moderate or high grade dysplasia in the final histopathology.This issue will be avoid having at its disposal a diagnostic technique capable of detecting high-grade PanIN lesions,such is the cytology of pancreatic juice obtained by nasopancreatic intubation.Herein,we review the possibility of detection of early malignant lesions before they become invasive PADC.展开更多
Efcient and accurate monitoring and early warning of coal dynamic disaster and other disasters can provide guarantee for the efcient operation of mine transportation system.However,the traditional threshold early warn...Efcient and accurate monitoring and early warning of coal dynamic disaster and other disasters can provide guarantee for the efcient operation of mine transportation system.However,the traditional threshold early warning method often fails to warning some accidents.To address above issues,a new early warning method was proposed based on"quiet period"phenomenon of AE and EMR during fracture.It is found that,a"quiet period"of AE and EMR was present before the load reaches the peak stress,which could be used as one of the precursors to warn the imminent failure of coal and rock specimens.MS and AE signals increased abnormally followed by the phenomenon of"quiet period"before the occurrence of coal dynamic disaster on site,and the decrease of MS events in the"quiet period"is about 57%–88%compared with that in previous abnormal increase stage.During the damage evolution of coal and rock,"quiet period"phenomenon usually occurred at 85%–90%of the peak stress,where the slope of damage parameter curve is almost zero.The"quiet period"of the AE-EMR signals and the low change rate of damage parameter before failure provide a theoretical foundation for the coal dynamic disaster warning based on the"quiet period"precursor found in MS-AE-EMR monitoring system.These fndings will help reduce the number of under-reported events and improve early warning accuracy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma(EATL)is a rare invasive lymphoma derived from gastrointestinal epithelial T lymphocytes.EATL involving the whole gastrointestinal tract accompanied with early colon ca...BACKGROUND Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma(EATL)is a rare invasive lymphoma derived from gastrointestinal epithelial T lymphocytes.EATL involving the whole gastrointestinal tract accompanied with early colon cancer is extremely rare.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 67-year-old man with diarrhea for more than 5 mo whose colonoscopy in another hospital showed multiple colonic polyps,which indicated moderate to severe dysplasia and focal early cancer.Therefore,he was referred to our hospital for further endoscopic treatment.Colonoscopy after admission showed that the mucosa of the terminal ileum and the entire colon were slightly swollen and finely granular.Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed for colonic polyps located in the liver flexure of the colon and descending colon,respectively.Histopathological findings revealed diffuse infiltration of mediumsized lymphoid cells in the colonic mucosa and visible lymphoepithelial lesions.The histopathology of the polyp in the descending colon indicated moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma limited to the mucosa with negative resection margins.Additionally,immunohistochemical analysis showed positive staining for CD7 and CD8.Therefore,we arrived at a diagnosis of EATL with early colon cancer.Subsequently,the patient was transferred to the hematology department for chemotherapy.The patient’s diarrhea was not significantly relieved after receiving chemotherapy,and he ultimately died of severe myelosuppression.CONCLUSION EATL should be considered in unexplained chronic diarrhea.EATL progresses rapidly with a poor prognosis,especially when accompanied with early colon cancer.展开更多
目的:对3个血液学中心的成人早期前体T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤(ETP-ALL/LBL)患者进行回顾性分析,总结其临床特点、治疗及预后影响因素。方法:收集2006年1月至2019年1月来自北京大学第三医院、解放军第一医学中心和中国医学科学院血液学研究所...目的:对3个血液学中心的成人早期前体T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤(ETP-ALL/LBL)患者进行回顾性分析,总结其临床特点、治疗及预后影响因素。方法:收集2006年1月至2019年1月来自北京大学第三医院、解放军第一医学中心和中国医学科学院血液学研究所3个血液研究中心共113例T淋巴母细胞白血病/淋巴瘤(T-ALL/LBL)患者的临床数据资料,对其中ETP-ALL/LBL及非ETP-ALL/LBL患者的临床特征及预后进行分析比较。结果:113例T-ALL/LBL患者中,13例诊断为ETP-ALL/LBL(11.5%),其中男性患者11例(84.6%),中位年龄28(18-53)岁。与非ETP-ALL/LBL患者相比,ETP-ALL/LBL患者在年龄、性别、纵隔大包块发生率、临床分期、IPI评分、白细胞水平、乳酸脱氢酶水平方面差异无统计学意义。在13例ETP-ALL/LBL患者中,9例(69.2%)获得完全缓解,ETP-ALL/LBL患者较非ETP-ALL/LBL患者化疗诱导缓解率无统计学差异。在单纯化疗未进行异基因造血干细胞移植的患者中,ETP-ALL/LBL组较非ETP-ALL/LBL组显示出更差的5年生存率(0 vs 7.1%,P=0.008),而在进行异基因造血干细胞移植的患者中,两组5年生存率无统计学差异(37.5%vs 40.2%,P>0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析提示,诱导治疗达到完全缓解、异基因造血干细胞移植以及乳酸脱氢酶水平为影响T-ALL/LBL的独立预后因素。结论:ETP-ALL/LBL较其他类型T-ALL/LBL患者诱导化疗反应率无显著差异,诱导缓解后续贯异基因造血干细胞移植巩固治疗对于提高ETP-ALL/LBL患者远期生存率具有重要意义。展开更多
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia includes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(T-ALL)and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL).In children,T-ALL usually has a worse prognosis than B-ALL,although childhood T-ALL progno...Acute lymphoblastic leukemia includes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(T-ALL)and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL).In children,T-ALL usually has a worse prognosis than B-ALL,although childhood T-ALL prognoses have improved remarkably.The varying outcomes among T-ALL cases suggest that an unrecognized biological heterogeneity may contribute to chemo-resistance.Deep exploration of T-lymphocyte development in recent years has found a subgroup of patients with a phenotype that resembles early T-cell precursor,which confers a much poorer prognosis than any other form of T-ALL.This novel subtype of T-ALL was called early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ETP-ALL).Flow cytometry data from T-ALL patients enrolled in Shanghai Children’s Medical Center between July 2002 and October 2010 were assessed according to Dr.Campana’s protocol.Among total 89 T-ALL cases,74 cases had enough immunophenotype data available to differentiate between ETP(CD1a^(-),CD8^(-),CD5^(dim),at least one marker of stem cell or myeloid lineage)and non-ETP.From these 74 subjects,12 ETP-ALL cases(16.2%)were identified.The event-free survival(EFS)rate at 66.8 months was 11.1%±10.1% for ETP-ALL and 57.6%±5.6% for non-ETP-ALL(P=0.003).The overall survival rates were 13.3%±11.0% for ETP-ALL and 64.7%±6.3% for non-ETP-ALL(P=0.002).Our findings demonstrate that early T-cell precursor leukemia is a very high-risk subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with poor prognosis.展开更多
Extracellular amyloid beta(Aβ) plaques are main pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease.However,the specific type of neuro ns that produce Aβ peptides in the initial stage of Alzheimer’s disease are unknown.In...Extracellular amyloid beta(Aβ) plaques are main pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease.However,the specific type of neuro ns that produce Aβ peptides in the initial stage of Alzheimer’s disease are unknown.In this study,we found that 5-hydroxytryptamin receptor 3A subunit(HTR3A) was highly expressed in the brain tissue of transgenic amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 mice(an Alzheimer’s disease model) and patients with Alzheimer’s disease.To investigate whether HTR3A-positive interneurons are associated with the production of Aβ plaques,we performed double immunostaining and found that HTR3A-positive interneurons were clustered around Aβ plaques in the mouse model.Some amyloid precursor protein-positive or β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1-positive neurites near Aβ plaques were co-localized with HTR3A interneurons.These results suggest that HTR3A-positive interneurons may partially contribute to the generation of Aβ peptides.We treated 5.0-5.5-month-old model mice with tro pisetron,a HTR3 antagonist,for 8 consecutive weeks.We found that the cognitive deficit of mice was partially reversed,Aβ plaques and neuroinflammation we re remarkably reduced,the expression of HTR3 was remarkably decreased and the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cell 4 signaling pathway was inhibited in treated model mice.These findings suggest that HTR3A interneurons partly contribute to generation of Aβ peptide at the initial stage of Alzheimer’s disease and inhibiting HTR3 partly reve rses the pathological changes of Alzheimer’s disease.展开更多
文摘The diagnosis of pancreatic cancer associates an appalling significance.Detection of preinvasive stage of pancreatic cancer will ameliorate the survival of this deadly disease.Premalignant lesions such as Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms or Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms of the pancreas are detectable on imaging exams and this permits their management prior their invasive development.Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms(PanIN)are the most frequent precursors of pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDAC),and its particular type PanIN high-grade represents the malignant non-invasive form of PDAC.Unfortunately,PanINs are not detectable on radiologic exams.Nevertheless,they can associate indirect imaging signs which would rise the diagnostic suspicion.When this suspicion is established,the patient will be enrolled in a follow-up strategy that includes performing of blood test and serial imaging test such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging,which will cost in the best-case scenario a burden of healthcare systems,and potential mortality in the worst-case scenario when the patient underwent resection surgery,worthless when there is no moderate or high grade dysplasia in the final histopathology.This issue will be avoid having at its disposal a diagnostic technique capable of detecting high-grade PanIN lesions,such is the cytology of pancreatic juice obtained by nasopancreatic intubation.Herein,we review the possibility of detection of early malignant lesions before they become invasive PADC.
基金supported by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52004016)the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China(No.2021M700371)+3 种基金the Major Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province(No.2019SDZY02)the Open Fund Project of Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Technology for Coal Mine Water Hazard(No.2021SKMS05)Science and Technology Support Plan Project of Guizhou Province(No.[2021]515)The authors are grateful to the anonymous referees for their precious comments and suggestions.
文摘Efcient and accurate monitoring and early warning of coal dynamic disaster and other disasters can provide guarantee for the efcient operation of mine transportation system.However,the traditional threshold early warning method often fails to warning some accidents.To address above issues,a new early warning method was proposed based on"quiet period"phenomenon of AE and EMR during fracture.It is found that,a"quiet period"of AE and EMR was present before the load reaches the peak stress,which could be used as one of the precursors to warn the imminent failure of coal and rock specimens.MS and AE signals increased abnormally followed by the phenomenon of"quiet period"before the occurrence of coal dynamic disaster on site,and the decrease of MS events in the"quiet period"is about 57%–88%compared with that in previous abnormal increase stage.During the damage evolution of coal and rock,"quiet period"phenomenon usually occurred at 85%–90%of the peak stress,where the slope of damage parameter curve is almost zero.The"quiet period"of the AE-EMR signals and the low change rate of damage parameter before failure provide a theoretical foundation for the coal dynamic disaster warning based on the"quiet period"precursor found in MS-AE-EMR monitoring system.These fndings will help reduce the number of under-reported events and improve early warning accuracy.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81802777Shandong Higher Education Research Center Scientific Research Project,No.YJKT201953+2 种基金Shandong Province 2018 Professional Degree Postgraduate Teaching Case Library Project,No.SDYAL18049Shandong Province 2018 Postgraduate Mentoring Ability Improvement Project,No.SDYY18073and the"Clinical Medicine+X"Project of Qingdao University Hospital.
文摘BACKGROUND Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma(EATL)is a rare invasive lymphoma derived from gastrointestinal epithelial T lymphocytes.EATL involving the whole gastrointestinal tract accompanied with early colon cancer is extremely rare.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 67-year-old man with diarrhea for more than 5 mo whose colonoscopy in another hospital showed multiple colonic polyps,which indicated moderate to severe dysplasia and focal early cancer.Therefore,he was referred to our hospital for further endoscopic treatment.Colonoscopy after admission showed that the mucosa of the terminal ileum and the entire colon were slightly swollen and finely granular.Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed for colonic polyps located in the liver flexure of the colon and descending colon,respectively.Histopathological findings revealed diffuse infiltration of mediumsized lymphoid cells in the colonic mucosa and visible lymphoepithelial lesions.The histopathology of the polyp in the descending colon indicated moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma limited to the mucosa with negative resection margins.Additionally,immunohistochemical analysis showed positive staining for CD7 and CD8.Therefore,we arrived at a diagnosis of EATL with early colon cancer.Subsequently,the patient was transferred to the hematology department for chemotherapy.The patient’s diarrhea was not significantly relieved after receiving chemotherapy,and he ultimately died of severe myelosuppression.CONCLUSION EATL should be considered in unexplained chronic diarrhea.EATL progresses rapidly with a poor prognosis,especially when accompanied with early colon cancer.
文摘目的:对3个血液学中心的成人早期前体T细胞白血病/淋巴瘤(ETP-ALL/LBL)患者进行回顾性分析,总结其临床特点、治疗及预后影响因素。方法:收集2006年1月至2019年1月来自北京大学第三医院、解放军第一医学中心和中国医学科学院血液学研究所3个血液研究中心共113例T淋巴母细胞白血病/淋巴瘤(T-ALL/LBL)患者的临床数据资料,对其中ETP-ALL/LBL及非ETP-ALL/LBL患者的临床特征及预后进行分析比较。结果:113例T-ALL/LBL患者中,13例诊断为ETP-ALL/LBL(11.5%),其中男性患者11例(84.6%),中位年龄28(18-53)岁。与非ETP-ALL/LBL患者相比,ETP-ALL/LBL患者在年龄、性别、纵隔大包块发生率、临床分期、IPI评分、白细胞水平、乳酸脱氢酶水平方面差异无统计学意义。在13例ETP-ALL/LBL患者中,9例(69.2%)获得完全缓解,ETP-ALL/LBL患者较非ETP-ALL/LBL患者化疗诱导缓解率无统计学差异。在单纯化疗未进行异基因造血干细胞移植的患者中,ETP-ALL/LBL组较非ETP-ALL/LBL组显示出更差的5年生存率(0 vs 7.1%,P=0.008),而在进行异基因造血干细胞移植的患者中,两组5年生存率无统计学差异(37.5%vs 40.2%,P>0.05)。多因素Cox回归分析提示,诱导治疗达到完全缓解、异基因造血干细胞移植以及乳酸脱氢酶水平为影响T-ALL/LBL的独立预后因素。结论:ETP-ALL/LBL较其他类型T-ALL/LBL患者诱导化疗反应率无显著差异,诱导缓解后续贯异基因造血干细胞移植巩固治疗对于提高ETP-ALL/LBL患者远期生存率具有重要意义。
基金Projects(52034009,51974319)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2020JCB01)supported by the Yueqi Distinguished Scholar Project of ChinaProject(2022YFC3004602)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China。
基金partly supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30670883).
文摘Acute lymphoblastic leukemia includes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(T-ALL)and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL).In children,T-ALL usually has a worse prognosis than B-ALL,although childhood T-ALL prognoses have improved remarkably.The varying outcomes among T-ALL cases suggest that an unrecognized biological heterogeneity may contribute to chemo-resistance.Deep exploration of T-lymphocyte development in recent years has found a subgroup of patients with a phenotype that resembles early T-cell precursor,which confers a much poorer prognosis than any other form of T-ALL.This novel subtype of T-ALL was called early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ETP-ALL).Flow cytometry data from T-ALL patients enrolled in Shanghai Children’s Medical Center between July 2002 and October 2010 were assessed according to Dr.Campana’s protocol.Among total 89 T-ALL cases,74 cases had enough immunophenotype data available to differentiate between ETP(CD1a^(-),CD8^(-),CD5^(dim),at least one marker of stem cell or myeloid lineage)and non-ETP.From these 74 subjects,12 ETP-ALL cases(16.2%)were identified.The event-free survival(EFS)rate at 66.8 months was 11.1%±10.1% for ETP-ALL and 57.6%±5.6% for non-ETP-ALL(P=0.003).The overall survival rates were 13.3%±11.0% for ETP-ALL and 64.7%±6.3% for non-ETP-ALL(P=0.002).Our findings demonstrate that early T-cell precursor leukemia is a very high-risk subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with poor prognosis.
基金supported by the Notional Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81371213 and 8107098 7the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,No.21ZR1468400 (all to QLY)。
文摘Extracellular amyloid beta(Aβ) plaques are main pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease.However,the specific type of neuro ns that produce Aβ peptides in the initial stage of Alzheimer’s disease are unknown.In this study,we found that 5-hydroxytryptamin receptor 3A subunit(HTR3A) was highly expressed in the brain tissue of transgenic amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 mice(an Alzheimer’s disease model) and patients with Alzheimer’s disease.To investigate whether HTR3A-positive interneurons are associated with the production of Aβ plaques,we performed double immunostaining and found that HTR3A-positive interneurons were clustered around Aβ plaques in the mouse model.Some amyloid precursor protein-positive or β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1-positive neurites near Aβ plaques were co-localized with HTR3A interneurons.These results suggest that HTR3A-positive interneurons may partially contribute to the generation of Aβ peptides.We treated 5.0-5.5-month-old model mice with tro pisetron,a HTR3 antagonist,for 8 consecutive weeks.We found that the cognitive deficit of mice was partially reversed,Aβ plaques and neuroinflammation we re remarkably reduced,the expression of HTR3 was remarkably decreased and the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cell 4 signaling pathway was inhibited in treated model mice.These findings suggest that HTR3A interneurons partly contribute to generation of Aβ peptide at the initial stage of Alzheimer’s disease and inhibiting HTR3 partly reve rses the pathological changes of Alzheimer’s disease.
