Endoscopic therapy for early gastric cancer: Standard techniques and recent advances in ESD

The technique of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)is now a well-known endoscopic therapy for early gastric cancer.ESD was introduced to resect large specimens of early gastric cancer in a single piece.ESD can provide precision of histologic diagnosis and can also reduce the recurrence rate.However,the drawback of ESD is its technical difficulty,and,consequently,it is associated with a high rate of complications,the need for advanced endoscopic techniques,and a lengthy procedure time.Various advances in the devices and techniques used for ESD have contributed to overcoming these drawbacks.

Application of the cultural techniques of cotton leaf-age adjusting-controlling for promotng early maturity

According to the production index of lint cotton yield over 100kg per mu(1/15ha)and the relationship between the climate factors and the distribution of time and space for cottonboll setting in 1985—1990,we established a model of cultural techniques of cotton leaf-age-ad-justing-controlling for enhancing early maturity.By utilizing the principle of leaf-age model andthe principle of regulating nutrient distribution with DPC(Mepiquate chloride),the plants weretreated with DPC in proper time.A new type of population plant patterns was set up.It character-ized by high population density,dwarf,high boll weight,bolls near nodes,high energy and lowconsumption,short distance transport of nutrients,high yield and good quality.We put forward aset of management measures,i.e.adjusting boll setting stage,adjusting and controlling boll set-ting structure,stably applying N,increasing P,supplementing plants with K,increasing irrigationefficiency,techniques were applied and demonstrated in large areas in high yield

A study on the early-warning technique concerning debris flow disasters

According to the principle of the eruption of debris flows, the new torrent classification techniques are brought forward. The torrent there can be divided into 4 types such as the debris flow torrent with high destructive strength, the debris flow torrent, high sand-carrying capacity flush flood torrent and common flush flood by the techniques. In this paper, the classification indices system and the quantitative rating methods are presented. Based on torrent classification, debris flow torrent hazard zone mapping techniques by which the debris flow disaster early-warning object can be ascertained accurately are identified. The key techniques of building the debris flow disaster neural network (NN) real time forecasting model are given detailed explanations in this paper, including the determination of neural node at the input layer, the output layer and the implicit layer, the construction of knowledge source and the initial weight value and so on. With this technique, the debris flow disaster real-time forecasting neural network model is built according to the rainfall features of the historical debris flow disasters, which includes multiple rain factors such as rainfall of the disaster day, the rainfall of 15 days before the disaster day, the maximal rate of rainfall in one hour and ten minutes. It can forecast the probability, critical rainfall of eruption of the debris flows, through the real-time rainfall monitoring or weather forecasting. Based on the torrent classification and hazard zone mapping, combined with rainfall monitoring in the rainy season and real-time forecasting models, the debris flow disaster early-warning system is built. In this system, the GIS technique, the advanced international software and hardware are applied, which makes the system’s performance steady with good expansibility. The system is a visual information system that serves management and decision-making, which can facilitate timely inspect of the variation of the torrent type and hazardous zone, the torrent management, the early-warning of disasters and the disaster reduction and prevention.

Characteristics of Early-maturing Hybrid Rice Anyou 08 and Its Cultivation Technique

Anyou 08 is an early-maturing hybrid rice variety bred by crossing high- quality resistant sterile line Anfeng A as female parent with high-combining ability restoring line QN2058 as male parent. Its average yield in regional trail in Guizhou Province in 2009-2010 reached 9.11t/hm^2, which was higher than control by 11.31%. Anyou 08 shows good comprehensive traits of population. It is suitable for high cold mountainous areas and middle-early maturing rice areas.

Magnetic anchor technique assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection for early esophageal cancer

BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer has high incidence globally and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage.With the widespread application of endoscopic technologies,the need for early detection and diagnosis of esophageal cancer has gradually been realized.Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)has become the standard of care for managing early tumors of the esophagus,stomach,and colon.However,due to the steep learning curve,difficult operation,and technically demanding nature of the procedure,ESD has currently been committed to the development of various assistive technologies.AIM To explore the feasibility and applicability of magnetic anchor technique(MAT)-assisted ESD for early esophageal cancer.METHODS Isolated pig esophagi were used as the experimental model,and the magnetic anchor device was designed by us.The esophagi used were divided into two groups,namely the operational and control groups,and 10 endoscopists completed the procedure.The two groups were evaluated for the following aspects:The total operative time,perforation rate,rate of whole mucosal resection,diameter of the peering mucosa,and scores of endoscopists’feelings with the procedure,including the convenience,mucosal surface exposure degree,and tissue tension.In addition,in the operational group,the soft tissue clip and the target magnet(TM)were connected by a thin wire through a small hole at the tail end of the TM.Under gastroscopic guidance,the soft tissue clip was clamped to the edge of the lesioned mucosa,which was marked in advance.By changing the position of the anchor magnet(AM)outside the esophagus,the pulling force and pulling direction of the TM could be changed,thus exposing the mucosal peeling surface and assisting the ESD.RESULTS Herein,each of the two groups comprised 10 isolated esophageal putative mucosal lesions.The diameter of the peering mucosa did not significantly differ between the two groups(2.13±0.06 vs 2.15±0.06,P=0.882).The total operative time was shorter in the operational group than in the control group(17.04±0.22 min vs 21.94±0.23 min,P<0.001).During the entire experiment,the TM remained firmly connected with the soft tissue clip and did not affect the opening,closing,and release of the soft tissue clip.The interaction between the TM and AM could provide sufficient tissue tension and completely expose the mucosa,which greatly assists the surgeon with the operation.There was no avulsion of the mucosa,and mucosal lesions were intact when peeled.Therefore,the scores of endoscopists’feelings were higher in the operational group than in the control group in terms of the convenience(9.22±0.19 vs 8.34±0.15,P=0.002),mucosal surface exposure degree(9.11±0.15 vs 8.25±0.12,P<0.001),and tissue tension(9.35±0.13 vs 8.02±0.17,P<0.001).The two groups did not significantly differ in the perforation rate and rate of whole mucosal resection.CONCLUSION We found MAT-assisted ESD safe and feasible for early esophageal cancer.It could greatly improve the endoscopic operation experience and showed good clinical application prospects.

Application of the painless technique for visual induced abortion in early pregnancy clinic female

Objective: This project is to analyze and evaluate the efYect of the painless technique in the visual induced abortion. Methods: 300 pregnant women who needed induced abortion and had no contraindication were selected as the research objects. Under the condition of the informed consent of the pregnant women, they were divided into two groups according to the different methods of the induced abortion. 150 cases in the observation group were treated with the painless technique for visual abortion, and 150 cases in the control group were treated with the painless technique for the blind curettage. Relevant surgical indicators and complications were compared between the two groups. Results: The operation time, the vaginal bleeding time, the induced abortion syndrome, the uterine aspiration incompleteness, and the postoperative infection in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The difference between the two groups was significant (P 0.05), with the statistical significance. The incidence of complications in the observation group (8.33%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (37.50%). The difference between the two groups was significant (P 0.05), with the statistical significance. Conclusion: The visual induced abortion with the painless technique is of great value in the outpatient induced abortion, and it is worth adopting and applying.

Research on Monitoring and Early-warning Standards of Ancient and Famous Trees Protection in the Humble Administrator's Garden

Based on the current situation and symptoms of the trees' growth in the Humble Administrator's Garden,this paper put forward corresponding monitoring and early-warning standards and technical measures of the ancient and famous trees protection in the Humble Administrator's Garden specifically.The aim of doing this is to establish a scientific basis for the protection of the ancient and famous trees in the Humble Administrator's Garden by setting up systematic fundamental data,dynamic protection standard grades and technique measures of protecting the trees.The main symptom of trees in the Humble Administrator's Garden is the erosion and decay of the tree trunks.Fifteen tree trunks need technical protection,which holds 65.22% of the total sum of trees in the Humble Administrator's Garden.Therefore,much more emphasis should be paid in strengthening technical protection procedures of monitoring and early warning of the tree trunks in the future protection of the ancient and famous trees in the garden.Besides,the rejuvenation technique of rooting zone and rooting system,tree pruning technique as well as tree supporting measures according to the specific condition and symptom of the trees should be concerned with in order to protect the ancient and famous trees in the Humble Administrator's Garden in a more scientific and effective way.

Technical issues and new devices of ESD of early gastric cancer

Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) is a highly refined technique compared to conventional endoscopic mucosal resection.It enables complete resection of early gastric cancer(EGC) which has no possibility of lymph node metastasis.Indication for ESD of EGC generally entails early gastric cancer confined to the mucosa with well differentiated histology,though there are clinically suitable expanded criteria.As ESD requires specific skill and expertise,endoscopists need to be familiarized with basic methods and the use of special devices.The essence of the technique is to dissect the submucosal layer with direct vision and maintain thecutting plane above the underlying proper muscle layer.Although there are some differences in the detailed technical aspect,the cardinal method of ESD is now well established and standardized.Furthermore,research and development of new ESD devices that render more efficient,safe ESD are still in progress to improve the overall result of ESD on early gastric cancer.

Breeding and Cultivation Technique of Ditian 6

Ditian 6 is super sweet corn hybrid. Its parents are inbred line 201-2 and 769 respectively. It was certificated by Variety Certification Committee of Shanxi Province in 2013. Ditian 6 participated in regional trials of Shanxi Province in 2010 and 2011. The average fresh ear yield is 14257. 5 kg / ha. Its growth period is 81 d,belonging to the early variety. It has obvious advantages if it is early cultivated. The kernel is yellow,and the quality reaches a high level. In the early or late market,it has significant economic benefits. The variety has strong resistance to disease and adversity,with wide adaptability,high and stable yield. It can be planted in the areas where accumulated temperature is above 2300℃.

New Early Rice Variety Jiangzao 361

Jiangzao 361 was bred by Institute of Food and Oil Crops, Nanchang Ac- ademy of Agricultural Sciences and Jiangxi Kewei Institute of Agricultural Crops from Jiazao 311 and intermediate material Z6340 through sexual hybridization. This variety has proper plant shape, wide and straight flag leaf and strong and thick stem, with the advantages of more grains per panicle, close seeds, high seed set- ting rate and good color in maturation stage. In December 2014, the variety passed the examination and approval by Jiangxi Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2014. In this study, the characteristics of the variety, and its high-yielding cultivation tech- nique of direct seeding in the rice field in Jiangxi Province and seed reproduction technique were introduced.

早熟离核油桃优系“4-24-1”选育初报

“4-24-1”桃是以“丰光”为母本,“070507(天仙红×中油5号)”为父本杂交选育成的早熟离核油桃优系。该优系树势中庸,树姿较开张,在武汉地区3月上中旬开花,6月上旬果实成熟,平均单果质量81.64 g,最大130 g;果实近圆形,果底白,果面光滑无毛,红色,果肉白色;果肉脆,离核,风味甜,可溶性固形物含量12%~14%,可滴定酸0.16%~0.29%,果实品质优。丰产稳产性好,平均产量30.0 t/hm^(2)以上。

矿井火灾智能监测预警技术近20年研究进展及展望

为加强矿井火灾智能监测预警系统建设,提出了矿井火灾智能监测预警技术研究思路,从矿井火灾智能感知技术及装备、预测技术及模型、智能预警系统及平台3方面综述了矿井火灾智能监测预警技术研究进展。首先,总结了内外因火灾信息监测技术及装备,归纳了基于图像视频识别的识别流程,阐述了多源信息融合在火灾监测过程中的应用情况。其次,介绍了矿井火灾的预测技术及模型,包括支持向量机、人工神经网络、随机森林算法等机器学习算法。然后,阐述了矿井火灾预警系统及平台:在总结矿井煤自燃和外因火灾分级预警技术的基础上,介绍了矿井火灾预警系统平台的感知层、网络层、服务融合层以及应用层方面的进展内容;归纳了预警系统各层的内涵及应用框架;搭建了矿井火灾智能监测预警系统。最后,展望了我国矿井火灾智能监测预警技术的未来发展趋势,具体包括:在矿井火灾信息智能感知技术方面,提出加强传感技术及装备研发;在矿井火灾智能预测技术方面,提出加强隐蔽火源的位置探寻方法研究,构建火灾灾害透明化模型;在矿井火灾智能预警系统建设方面,提出将大数据融入智能判识,查明矿井火灾风险源及隐蔽火源位置的预报,实现特殊条件下煤自燃的预警。在矿井火灾智能判识与防控技术联动方面,提出利用大型语言模型在智能判识的基础上实现对矿井火灾的自适应防控。

早稻舜达135特早栽培高产技术研究

舜达135是绍兴市舜达种业有限公司与中国水稻研究所联合育成的早熟常规早籼稻新品种。为充分发挥该品种早熟、高产优势,在特早栽培条件下(播种期比绍兴传统播期提早10~15 d)开展了不同梯度机插密度和肥料用量对比试验。结果表明,不同机插密度对舜达135有效穗数和产量有极显著影响,对穗粒数和结实率影响未达到显著水平;不同氮肥水平和氮肥水平与机插密度的互作对舜达135有效穗数、穗粒数、结实率和产量的影响均不显著;以种植密度25 cm×14 cm、纯氮施用量150 kg/hm^(2)的处理实际产量最高,达9 633.45 kg/hm^(2)。在2021年和2022年示范中,特早栽培条件下舜达135百亩示范方产量分别达到10 563.00 kg/hm^(2)和10 258.05 kg/hm^(2)。通过2年的示范,总结提出了舜达135特早栽培高产技术。

超声S-Detect技术联合乳腺简化MRI对早期乳腺癌的诊断效能

目的 探讨超声S-Detect技术联合乳腺简化MRI对早期乳腺癌诊断效能的分析。方法 选取2020年1月至2021年12月进行乳腺超声和MRI检查的85个病灶。患者年龄>14岁,且未进行手术及新辅助化疗治疗,肿瘤病灶直径≤2 cm,并进行穿刺或手术获得病理结果。以乳腺穿刺肿瘤病理结果为金标准,评估超声S-Detect技术、乳腺简化MRI及二者联合检查的诊断效能。结果 S-Detect、简化MRI及两者联合诊断的灵敏度分别为:69.5%,81.4%,98.3%,特异度分别为:88.5%,80.8%,76.9%,准确率分别为:75.3%,81.2%,91.8%,与病理一致性检验Kappa值分别为:0.50,0.58,0.80,AUC分别为:0.79,0.81,0.88。差异均有统计学意义(Z=1.979,P<0.05;Z=2.096,P<0.05)。结论 超声S-Detect与乳腺简化MRI技术联合对早期乳腺癌检查的灵敏度、准确率以及与病理一致性比单独使用S-Detect技术或简化MRI高,具有较高的诊断效能,可以对早期乳腺癌的早发现早治疗起到积极作用并为临床科室制定治疗方案提供有效帮助。

MR mDxion-Quant技术评价早期糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏脂质沉积的实验研究

目的 探讨MR mDxion-Quant技术评价早期糖尿病肾病(DN)大鼠肾脏脂质沉积的价值。方法 选取6周龄健康清洁级(SPF级)雄性SD大鼠70只,分为实验组(50只)和对照组(20只)。实验组用高脂饮食配合链脲佐菌素建立2型糖尿病模型。于成模后第4、8、12、16周末分批行肾脏MR扫描得到肾脏脂肪分数(FF)。随后行血脂及肾脏病理检查。计算肾脏细胞内脂滴累计光密度值/细胞总面积值(IOD/TAC)。根据病理结果将实验组中病理分级为Ⅰ、Ⅱ级的大鼠纳入早期DN组(n=15),将对照组中肾脏未见异常的大鼠纳入正常对照组(n=13)。共28只大鼠纳入研究。比较早期DN组与正常对照组之间各指标的差异,分析肾脏FF值与其余指标的相关性。结果 早期DN组大鼠肾脏FF值、细胞内脂滴IOD/TAC、TC、TG、LDL较正常对照组升高,HDL含量降低(均P<0.001),FF值与IOD/TAC、TC、TG、LDL及糖尿病病程呈正相关(r分别为0.85、0.66、0.71、0.76、0.85,均P<0.01),与HDL呈负相关(r=-0.71,P<0.01)。结论 mDxion-Quant技术可无创性定量评估早期DN大鼠肾脏脂质沉积。早期DN大鼠肾脏脂肪含量较正常对照组增加,且与糖尿病病程、血脂水平相关。

循环肿瘤DNA在消化道肿瘤早期筛查中的研究进展

消化道肿瘤发病率高,起病隐匿,且预后较差。传统的筛查方法存在创伤性、滞后性、敏感度及特异度低等不足,导致其在消化道肿瘤早期筛查中的推广应用受到限制。循环肿瘤DNA(circulating tumor DNA,ctDNA)是由肿瘤细胞坏死或凋亡后释放到体液中的游离DNA片段,携带有突变、重排和甲基化等肿瘤特异性改变的遗传信息,与传统组织活检相比,ctDNA检测具有敏感度和特异度高、无创、易获得以及可重复性好的优势,在消化道肿瘤早期筛查中有很大潜力。本文通过对ctDNA在消化道肿瘤早期筛查中的研究现状作一综述,旨在评估ctDNA在消化道肿瘤诊断中的潜在价值,为探索消化道肿瘤的早期诊断手段提供理论依据。

多部位示踪技术前哨淋巴结活检在早期子宫内膜癌中的应用

目的探讨多部位示踪技术前哨淋巴结(SLN)活检在早期子宫内膜癌中的应用价值。方法选取我院收治的63例早期子宫内膜癌患者,随机平均分为宫颈注射组、宫体注射组、联合注射组,分别在相应部位注射吲哚菁绿,明确前哨淋巴结的部位及数量,将其切除后送病理检查,再行筋膜外全子宫切除术+双侧附件切除术+腹主动脉旁/盆腔淋巴结清扫术。比较三组SLN敏感度、准确度、假阴性率和阴性预测值。结果检出SLN的51例患者中有18例明确发生淋巴结转移(宫颈注射组3例,宫体注射组4例,联合注射组11例)。联合注射组有1例为腹主动脉旁区域淋巴结转移,属于早期高危型子宫内膜癌,为子宫内膜样癌。联合注射组敏感度、准确度高于宫颈组与宫体组,假阴性率低于宫颈组与宫体组(P<0.05)。结论联合宫颈与宫体作为注射部位能更有效识别盆腔区域SLN,且准确度更高,为术中淋巴结清扫提供积极的指导,对早期子宫内膜癌具有良好的应用价值。

石榴园初夏管理关键技术

峄城区是“中国石榴之乡”“峄城石榴”是山东省首个通过“国家农产品地理标志保护”“国家地理标志产品保护”双认证的农产品,“峄城石榴”特色产业发展是推动峄城区乡村振兴战略实施的重要依托。提升“峄城石榴”全产业链发展,第一产业是基础,良种良法配套是第一产业的必由之路。立夏是石榴树体逐渐由营养生长转入生殖生长的转折时期,该时期的管理至关重要,针对初夏石榴树的生长特点,提出了一些指导建议,以供果农朋友参考。

内镜医师内镜黏膜下剥离术教学的实践与思考

内镜黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD)是目前消化道早癌的首选微创治疗方法,其操作难度大,是国内内镜教学培训的热点和难点。本研究以重庆医科大学附属第一医院青年医师和进修ESD操作的内镜医师为教学对象,建立了ESD规范化培训流程。培训周期共3月,教学内容包括理论培训、临床观摩、简易离体猪胃模型操作、真实患者实践操作,以及结业考核。通过问卷调查,100%的学员认为重庆医科大学附属第一医院内镜中心ESD教学培训对于掌握ESD技术是非常必要的,且能明显提高学员的ESD操作水平。因此,重庆医科大学附属第一医院内镜中心ESD规范化培训流程总体设置合理,为我国内镜医师的教学与培训提供一定的借鉴与参考。

多参数磁共振成像技术对外周带早期前列腺癌和前列腺炎的鉴别诊断价值

目的分析多参数磁共振成像技术对外周带早期前列腺癌和前列腺炎的鉴别诊断价值。方法以我院2019年5月至2022年12月收治的31例疑似外周带早期前列腺癌和59例疑似前列腺炎患者为本次研究对象。所有研究对象入院后先开展磁共振成像检查,再开展多参数磁共振成像检查。参考金标准,比较两种检查方法对外周带早期前列腺癌及前列腺炎的诊断效能。结果多参数磁共振成像技术对外周带早期前列腺癌及前列腺炎的诊断准确度、特异度显著高于磁共振成像技术(P<0.05)。两种检查方法对外周带早期前列腺癌及前列腺炎的诊断灵敏度无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论多参数磁共振成像技术可有效提高外周带早期前列腺癌和前列腺炎患者的疾病诊断准确度,为患者的早期治疗提供可靠依据。