Color descriptors are one of the important features used in content-based in, age retrieval. The dominant color descriptor （DCD） represents a few perceptually dominant colors in an image through color quantization. ...Color descriptors are one of the important features used in content-based in, age retrieval. The dominant color descriptor （DCD） represents a few perceptually dominant colors in an image through color quantization. For image retrieval based on DCD, the earth mover＇s distance （EMD） and the optimal color composition distance were proposed to measure the dissimilarity between two images. Although providing good retrieval results, both methods are too time-consuming to be used in a large image database. To solve the problem, we propose a new distance function that calculates an approximate earth mover＇s distance in linear time. To calculate the dissimilarity in linear time, the proposed approach employs the space-filling curve for multidimensional color space. To improve the accuracy, the proposed approach uses multiple curves and adjusts the color positions. As a result, our approach achieves order-of-magnitude time improvement but incurs small errors. We have performed extensive experiments to show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach. The results reveal that our approach achieves almost the same results with the EMD in linear time.展开更多
The rotation of the Earth and the related length of the day (LOD) are predominantly affected by tidal dissipation through the Moon and the growth of the Earth’s core. Due to the increased concentration of mass around...The rotation of the Earth and the related length of the day (LOD) are predominantly affected by tidal dissipation through the Moon and the growth of the Earth’s core. Due to the increased concentration of mass around the rotation axis of the spinning Earth during the growth of the core the rotation should have been accelerated. Controversially the tidal dissipation by the Moon, which is mainly dependent on the availability of open shallow seas and the kind of Moon escape from a nearby position, acts towards a deceleration of the rotating Earth. Measurements of LOD for Phanerozoic and Precambrian times open ways to solve questions concerning the geodynamical history of the Earth. These measurements encompass investigations of growth patterns in fossils and depositional patterns in sediments (Cyclostratigraphy, Tidalites, Stromatolites, Rhythmites). These patterns contain information on the LOD and on the changing distance between Earth and Moon and can be used as well for a discussion about the growth of the Earth’s core. By updating an older paper with its simple approach as well as incorporating newly published results provided by the geoscientific community, a moderate to fast growth of the core in a hot early Earth will be favored controversially to the assumption of a delayed development of the core in an originally cold Earth. Core development with acceleration of Earth’s rotation and the contemporaneous slowing down due to tidal dissipation during the filling of the ocean may significantly interrelate.展开更多
Seizure detection is extremely essential for long-term monitoring of epileptic patients. This paper investigates the detection of epileptic seizures in multi-channel long-term intracranial electroencephalogram （iEEG...Seizure detection is extremely essential for long-term monitoring of epileptic patients. This paper investigates the detection of epileptic seizures in multi-channel long-term intracranial electroencephalogram （iEEG）. The algorithm conducts wavelet decomposition of iEEGs with five scales, and transforms the sum of the three frequency bands into histogram for computing the distance. The proposed method combines a novel feature called EMD-L1, which is an efficient algorithm of earth movers＇ distance （EMD）, with support vector machine （SVM） for binary classification between seizures and non-sei- zures. The EMD-LI used in this method is characterized by low time complexity and high processing speed by exploiting the L~ metric structure. The smoothing and collar technique are applied on the raw outputs of SVM classifier to obtain more ac- curate results. Several evaluation criteria are recommended to compare our algorithm with other conventional methods using the same dataset from the Freiburg EEG database. Experiment results show that the proposed method achieves a high sensi- tivity, specificity and low false detection rate, which are 95.73 %, 98.45 % and 0.33/h, respectively. This algorithm is char- acterized by its robustness and high accuracy with the possibility of performing real-time analysis of EEG data, and may serve as a seizure detection tool for monitoring long-term EEG.展开更多
To solve the problems of high energy consumption,low efficiency and short service life of conventional rare earth reduction cells,a 20 kA new rare earth reduction cell(NRERC)was presented.The effects of the anode-cath...To solve the problems of high energy consumption,low efficiency and short service life of conventional rare earth reduction cells,a 20 kA new rare earth reduction cell(NRERC)was presented.The effects of the anode-cathode distance(ACD)and electrolyte height(EH)on the thermo-electrical behavior of the NRERC were studied by ANSYS.The results illustrate that the cell voltage drop(CVD)and the temperature will rise with a similar tendency when the ACD increases.Also,the temperature rises gradually with EH,but the CVD decreases.Ultimately,when the ACD is 115 mm and the EH is 380 mm,the CVD is 4.61 V and the temperature is 1109.8℃.Under these conditions,the thermal field distribution is more reasonable and the CVD is lower,which is beneficial to the long service life and low energy consumption of the NRERC.展开更多
We will measure the distance between the Sun and the Moon by considering the Parallax and also by considering the Mercury Sun distance. The goal is to utilize the observed data. The way that we have used in this paper...We will measure the distance between the Sun and the Moon by considering the Parallax and also by considering the Mercury Sun distance. The goal is to utilize the observed data. The way that we have used in this paper is based on two observational data in Iran （Mashhad 36°31′ N, 59°48′ E） and Canada （Yukon Territory 69°27′ N, 33°2′ E）. It is required to mention that in Mercury transition 2016, I had personally collected the first place, Mashhad. In measuring the distance between Mercury and the Sun we have utilized the trigonometry terms and the related formulas. Using all the collected data and studying on the contacts of the mercury, has helped us to reach the best results.展开更多
Google Earth软件使用灵活方便,便于再次开发,已被广泛应用于各种大型工程的规划设计及施工管理中。大型长输管道施工管理特点是管道线路长、施工工程量大、施工工序多、生产周期长、物资配送难、组织协调难度大,将Google Earth引入大...Google Earth软件使用灵活方便,便于再次开发,已被广泛应用于各种大型工程的规划设计及施工管理中。大型长输管道施工管理特点是管道线路长、施工工程量大、施工工序多、生产周期长、物资配送难、组织协调难度大,将Google Earth引入大型长输管道的施工管理当中,可通过软件获取大量施工现场详细数据,为快速、有效的解决施工管理中存在的诸多问题提供参考。展开更多
针对基于EMD(Earth Mover's Distance)的文档语义相似性算法不满足度量公理因而难以在信息检索与数据挖掘中推广应用的问题,该文提出了一种新的基于EMD的文档语义相似性度量——..Mdss_EMD(Metric for document semantic similarity...针对基于EMD(Earth Mover's Distance)的文档语义相似性算法不满足度量公理因而难以在信息检索与数据挖掘中推广应用的问题,该文提出了一种新的基于EMD的文档语义相似性度量——..Mdss_EMD(Metric for document semantic similarity based EMD)。首先在分析EMD及现有改进方法缺陷的基础上,给出了文档宽度、虚拟项的概念;随后通过增加虚拟项来对齐文档矢量的总权值,使所有度量公理得到满足;最后,为提高该度量的适应能力及处理速度,还实现了虚拟项相似距离的弹性设计并对EMD算法进行了简化。该方法把EMD扩展到度量空间中来,很大程度上提高了EMD的索引能力与精度,初步实验表明,Mdss_EMD的整体性能优于原EMD及现有其它类似方法。展开更多
基金supported by the MSIP(Ministry of Science,ICT,and Future Planning),Korea,under the IT-CRSP(IT Convergence Research Support Program)with No.NIPA-2013-H0401-13-1001 supervised by the NIPA(National IT Industry Promotion Agency)the NRF(National Research Foundation)of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government with No.NRF-2011-330-B00076supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology of Korea under Grant Nos.2012R1A1A2007817 and 2013R1A6A3A03027153
文摘Color descriptors are one of the important features used in content-based in, age retrieval. The dominant color descriptor （DCD） represents a few perceptually dominant colors in an image through color quantization. For image retrieval based on DCD, the earth mover＇s distance （EMD） and the optimal color composition distance were proposed to measure the dissimilarity between two images. Although providing good retrieval results, both methods are too time-consuming to be used in a large image database. To solve the problem, we propose a new distance function that calculates an approximate earth mover＇s distance in linear time. To calculate the dissimilarity in linear time, the proposed approach employs the space-filling curve for multidimensional color space. To improve the accuracy, the proposed approach uses multiple curves and adjusts the color positions. As a result, our approach achieves order-of-magnitude time improvement but incurs small errors. We have performed extensive experiments to show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach. The results reveal that our approach achieves almost the same results with the EMD in linear time.
文摘The rotation of the Earth and the related length of the day (LOD) are predominantly affected by tidal dissipation through the Moon and the growth of the Earth’s core. Due to the increased concentration of mass around the rotation axis of the spinning Earth during the growth of the core the rotation should have been accelerated. Controversially the tidal dissipation by the Moon, which is mainly dependent on the availability of open shallow seas and the kind of Moon escape from a nearby position, acts towards a deceleration of the rotating Earth. Measurements of LOD for Phanerozoic and Precambrian times open ways to solve questions concerning the geodynamical history of the Earth. These measurements encompass investigations of growth patterns in fossils and depositional patterns in sediments (Cyclostratigraphy, Tidalites, Stromatolites, Rhythmites). These patterns contain information on the LOD and on the changing distance between Earth and Moon and can be used as well for a discussion about the growth of the Earth’s core. By updating an older paper with its simple approach as well as incorporating newly published results provided by the geoscientific community, a moderate to fast growth of the core in a hot early Earth will be favored controversially to the assumption of a delayed development of the core in an originally cold Earth. Core development with acceleration of Earth’s rotation and the contemporaneous slowing down due to tidal dissipation during the filling of the ocean may significantly interrelate.
基金Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2013FZ002)Program of Science and Technology of Suzhou(No.ZXY2013030)Independent Innovation Foundation of Shandong University(No.2012DX008)
文摘Seizure detection is extremely essential for long-term monitoring of epileptic patients. This paper investigates the detection of epileptic seizures in multi-channel long-term intracranial electroencephalogram （iEEG）. The algorithm conducts wavelet decomposition of iEEGs with five scales, and transforms the sum of the three frequency bands into histogram for computing the distance. The proposed method combines a novel feature called EMD-L1, which is an efficient algorithm of earth movers＇ distance （EMD）, with support vector machine （SVM） for binary classification between seizures and non-sei- zures. The EMD-LI used in this method is characterized by low time complexity and high processing speed by exploiting the L~ metric structure. The smoothing and collar technique are applied on the raw outputs of SVM classifier to obtain more ac- curate results. Several evaluation criteria are recommended to compare our algorithm with other conventional methods using the same dataset from the Freiburg EEG database. Experiment results show that the proposed method achieves a high sensi- tivity, specificity and low false detection rate, which are 95.73 %, 98.45 % and 0.33/h, respectively. This algorithm is char- acterized by its robustness and high accuracy with the possibility of performing real-time analysis of EEG data, and may serve as a seizure detection tool for monitoring long-term EEG.
基金Project(51674302)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘To solve the problems of high energy consumption,low efficiency and short service life of conventional rare earth reduction cells,a 20 kA new rare earth reduction cell(NRERC)was presented.The effects of the anode-cathode distance(ACD)and electrolyte height(EH)on the thermo-electrical behavior of the NRERC were studied by ANSYS.The results illustrate that the cell voltage drop(CVD)and the temperature will rise with a similar tendency when the ACD increases.Also,the temperature rises gradually with EH,but the CVD decreases.Ultimately,when the ACD is 115 mm and the EH is 380 mm,the CVD is 4.61 V and the temperature is 1109.8℃.Under these conditions,the thermal field distribution is more reasonable and the CVD is lower,which is beneficial to the long service life and low energy consumption of the NRERC.
文摘We will measure the distance between the Sun and the Moon by considering the Parallax and also by considering the Mercury Sun distance. The goal is to utilize the observed data. The way that we have used in this paper is based on two observational data in Iran （Mashhad 36°31′ N, 59°48′ E） and Canada （Yukon Territory 69°27′ N, 33°2′ E）. It is required to mention that in Mercury transition 2016, I had personally collected the first place, Mashhad. In measuring the distance between Mercury and the Sun we have utilized the trigonometry terms and the related formulas. Using all the collected data and studying on the contacts of the mercury, has helped us to reach the best results.
文摘针对基于EMD(Earth Mover's Distance)的文档语义相似性算法不满足度量公理因而难以在信息检索与数据挖掘中推广应用的问题,该文提出了一种新的基于EMD的文档语义相似性度量——..Mdss_EMD(Metric for document semantic similarity based EMD)。首先在分析EMD及现有改进方法缺陷的基础上,给出了文档宽度、虚拟项的概念;随后通过增加虚拟项来对齐文档矢量的总权值,使所有度量公理得到满足;最后,为提高该度量的适应能力及处理速度,还实现了虚拟项相似距离的弹性设计并对EMD算法进行了简化。该方法把EMD扩展到度量空间中来,很大程度上提高了EMD的索引能力与精度,初步实验表明,Mdss_EMD的整体性能优于原EMD及现有其它类似方法。
