Laparoscopic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison between Middle Eastern and Western experience

Laparoscopic liver resection （LLR） for hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is increasing in this era of minimal invasive liver surgery. LLR for HCC is currently known to be a safer procedure than it was before because of technical advances and improvement in postoperative patient management and remains the first-line treatment for HCC in compensated cirrhosis in many centers. We have the chance of analyzing the paper about the comparison between Middle Eastern and Western experience for LLR as treatment of HCC.

Eurasia Continental Bridge——An Important Link of the Coordinated Development between China's Eastern,Central and Western Regions

The new Eurasia Continental Bridgeruns from East China to Central andWest China, crossing 11 provincesand regions, namely Jiangsu, Shandong,Hubei, Anhui, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi,Sichuan, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Ningxia.The total area is 3.6 million sq km and thepopulation is about 300 million, accountingfor a third and a quarter of the whole countryrespectively. The area is very rich in naturalresources, so it is called an "Economic goldbelt" and "Gold corridor". Aerial remote-control survey indicates that along thecontinental bridge from Lianyungang to theAla Mountains within China’s boundary,

Occult hepatitis C virus infection in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean countries:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND The presence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)RNA in liver tissue or peripheral blood mononuclear cells with no identified virus genome in the serum has been reported worldwide among patients with either normal or elevated serum liver enzymes.The characterization of occult HCV infection(OCI)epidemiology in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean(M and E)countries,a region with the highest incidence and prevalence rates of HCV infection in the world,would be effective for more appropriate control of the infection.AIM To estimate the pooled prevalence of OCI in M and E countries using a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using international,regional and local electronic databases.Some conference proceedings and references from bibliographies were also reviewed manually.The search was carried out during May and June 2020.Original observational surveys were considered if they assessed the prevalence of OCI among the population of M and E countries by examination of HCV nucleic acid in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in at least 30 cases selected by random or non-random sampling methods.The meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-analysis software based on heterogeneity assessed by Cochran’s Q test and I-square statistics.Data were considered statistically significant at a P value<0.05.RESULTS A total of 116 non-duplicated citations were found in electronic sources and grey literature.A total of 51 non-overlapping original surveys were appraised,of which 37 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis.Data were available from 5 of 26 countries including Egypt,Iran,Pakistan,Saudi Arabia,and Turkey.The overall prevalence rate of OCI was estimated at 10.04%(95%CI:7.66%-13.05%).The lowest OCI rate was observed among healthy subjects(4.79%,95%CI:2.86%-7.93%).The higher rates were estimated for patients suffering from chronic liver diseases(12.04%,95%CI:5.87%-23.10%),and multi-transfused patients(8.71%,95%CI:6.05%-12.39%).Subgroup analysis indicated that the OCI rates were probably not associated with the studied subpopulations,country,year of study,the detection method of HCV RNA,sample size,patients’HCV serostatus,and sex(all P>0.05).Meta-regression analyses showed no significant time trends in OCI rates among different groups.CONCLUSION This review estimated high rates of OCI prevalence in M and E countries,especially among multi-transfused patients as well as patients with chronic liver diseases.

An Evaluation on the Effects of the Policy of the Great Campaign of Western Development of China in the First 10 Years Based on the Kuznets Regional Inverted-U Theory

In order to reduce the regional differentials or narrow the gap in economic development between eastern and western areas and prevent the intensification of contradictions resulting from the regional inequality during the development process, the government of China launched the Great Campaign of Western Development （GCWD） in 2000. In this paper, we will evaluate the effects of the first 10 years＇ GCWD and use the latest Chinese annual data from 1978 to 2010 to investigate the problem of regional differentials in the development process, evaluate the effects of GCWD policy and test whether there is a regional Kuznets inverted-U curve in the regional development of China. The result shows that there are both good and bad news： the good news is that the inverted U-shaped curve of absolute differential between eastern and western areas finally emerges （the previous studies showed that the inverted-U curve did not appear and the differentials between eastern and western areas became worse） and the bad news is that the differential is in the first half of the inverted U-shaped curve in our choice of time span （1978-2010）, that is, it is still in the situation of deterioration, and the turning better point will emerge in 2025. Although the western areas have benefitted from GCWD, the absolute gap has been still widened. To narrow the gap, the western areas should accelerate the industrial development and the government should adjust the policy and make more efforts to support the development of the industry in the western areas, especially cultivate and support the development of the western characteristic and advantageous industry rather than just supporting the construction of infrastructure in the western areas.

Volume and Surface Distribution Heterogeneity of Nano-pore in Coal Samples by CO2 and N2 Adsorption Experiments

In this paper,the heterogeneity of adsorption pores in middle and high rank coal samples were analyzed by using low temperature N2 and CO2 adsorption technology and fractal theory.The following results were achieved.1)According to the results of volume and surface fractal dimension,meso-pores can be classified into Mep-1,Mep-2,and Mep-3,respectively.Micro-pore can be classified into Mip-1,Mip-2,and Mip-3,respectively.2)Pore types play an important role in affecting the heterogeneity of meso-pores.The volume heterogeneity(VHY)of Mep-1 is simpler than that of Mep-2 and Mep-3 in type A samples.However,the VHY of Mep-1 becomes gradually larger than that of Mep-2 and Mep-3 from type A to type B and C.The VHY of open pore in the same diameter is higher than that of semi-open or closed pore.Meanwhile,the surface heterogeneity(SHY)of types A and B samples is significantly larger than that of type C,the SHY of semi-open or closed pores is more complicated than that of open pores.3)Coal rank mainly affects the heterogeneity of micro-pores.The heterogeneity of type A is always smaller than that of type B and C.The VHY of Mip-1 is more complicated than that of Mip-2 and Mip-3 in the same samples,and the sensitivity of the VHY of Mip-1 and Mip-2 to the degree of coal rank is smaller than that of Mip-3.Meanwhile,the SHY of Mip-1 and Mip-2 is simpler than that of Mip-3 in the same sample,the SHY of micro-pores remains stable as the pore size decreases,and the affect of coalification level on SHY decreases with the decrease in pore diameter.Full-scale fractal characterization has enabled quantitative characterization of adsorption pore properties and provided useful information with regards to the similarity of pore features in different coal reservoirs.

清末粤东地区师范教育的改革实践

中国现代师范教育体系始建于清末新政时期。粤东地区的实证研究表明,清末粤东地区的师范教育发展并非简单依循国家政策的规定,也并非单一的以师范学堂为主体。地方官绅群体对师范教育进行了多方位的深入探索,推行师范简易科和附设师范学堂改革,形成以师范学堂、师范传习所、中学堂和小学堂为核心的师范培养系统。清末粤东的师范教育呈现出鲜明的地方特点,粤东地区是全国最早推及初级师范教育的地区之一;师范学堂和中、小学堂开设的师范简易科,成为当时师范教育的主体。在短时间内为粤东地区的基础教育培养了一大批师范人才,为新式教育的普及奠定了基础。

鄂西—渝东地区上二叠统大隆组页岩气富集条件与勘探有利区

近年来,鄂西—渝东地区多口井在二叠系大隆组获得页岩气重要发现和工业气流,展现出新层系海相页岩气良好的勘探开发前景,深化其地质认识对于指导下一步页岩气勘探具有重要意义。为此,基于岩心观察、薄片及扫描电镜观察、测/录井和有机地球化学数据分析,系统研究了该地区页岩沉积特征、储层特征、有机地球化学特征、含气性和保存条件,明确了大隆组海相页岩气勘探有利区。研究结果表明:①晚二叠世大隆期,该区发育深水台盆相沉积,富有机质页岩发育厚度10~60 m,现今埋深具有盆内埋深大、盆外埋深浅的特征;②大隆组自下而上划分为3段,一段以硅质页岩为主,二段岩性较为复杂,三段以混合质页岩为主,测井响应上表现为高自然伽马、高补偿中子、高声波时差、低电阻率、低密度、电阻率向底部逐渐降低的“三高两低一降”特征;③大隆组页岩脆性矿物以石英和方解石为主,平均值分别为40.58%和23.76%,储集空间分为孔隙(有机质孔、矿物颗粒间孔、粒间溶蚀孔、粒内溶蚀孔)和裂缝(矿物层间缝、有机质与矿物间缝、有机质内裂缝)2大类7种类型,以有机质孔为主,孔径分布呈现“四峰”特征,孔体积集中介于1~10 nm和500~5000 nm两个孔径区间;④大隆组有机质丰度高、储层非均质性强、热演化程度高、有机质类型以Ⅱ1型为主、Ⅱ2型为辅,有机质孔发育;⑤大隆组页岩具有较高的含气量,良好的顶底板条件发挥了重要的封闭作用;盆内受构造抬升剥蚀和断裂影响小,保存条件整体较好,盆外残留向斜核部保存条件较好。结论认为:①大隆组是四川盆地页岩气勘探的新领域,在盆地内发育5个勘探有利区,面积合计5500 km^(2),可加快勘探评价节奏;②在盆外发育7个勘探有利区,面积合计6700 km^(2),应优选残留面积大的有利区开展风险勘探,寻找新的突破和发现。

川西藏东地区隧道围岩有害气体孕育机制及逸出风险评价研究

青藏高原复杂的地质构造使区域内断裂分布密集、岩性变化巨大,现有的研究成果无法有效预测岩层内有害气体赋存种类与状态。基于川西藏东地质演化相关研究成果,对区域内岩石、断裂构造以及水热循环影响下有害气体的成因及组分特征进行研究。通过对区域内地层构造及岩石分布进行分析,明确区域内主要气藏类型及分布范围;建立复杂地层有害气体逸出风险评价体系,并通过现场监测对评价效果进行验证。结果表明:1)川西藏东地区岩层主要有害气体孕育类型包括岩浆岩脱气孕育气体、变质岩化学反应释放气体、沉积岩油气矿藏富集气体、金属矿伴生气体等;其中,岩浆岩孕育有害气体主要赋存于入侵通道形成的气囊内,变质岩孕育有害气体主要赋存于酸性岩浆岩与碳酸岩接触面以及金属矿附近,沉积岩孕育有害气体主要赋存于油气盖层内。2)岩石圈断裂对深部有害气体的赋存最有利,水热循环通过物质扩散和水力运移2种方式加速深部有害气体的运移,其中深大主断裂控制型水热循环模式影响最显著。3)基于川西藏东地区地层岩性及断裂构造特征,对CO_(2)、CH_(4)、SO_(2)及H_(2)S等主要有害气体的赋存区域进行划分。4)根据研究区域地层岩性、断裂构造、水热分布特点,建立复杂地层有害气体逸出风险评价体系;根据隧道开挖高浓度有害气体逸出可能性划分为5个风险等级,并针对不同逸出风险提出相应防治建议。

2018-2021年我国东中西部地区医防协同耦合协调度分析

[目的]探究我国东中西部地区医防协同耦合协调度水平,为我国医防协同发展提供参考。[方法]基于文献研究法构建评价指标体系,运用熵权法和耦合协调度模型测算医防协同耦合协调度水平。[结果]2018-2021年我国东中西部地区平均耦合协调度分别为0.527、0.531、0.470,耦合协调度水平整体偏低。[结论]2018-2021年我国东中西部地区医防协同机制不完善,重医轻防现象严重,两系统发展不协调现象日益加剧,提示应提升预防在健康中国战略中的地位,逐渐改善“重医疗、轻预防”的局面,构建医疗与公共卫生有效协同机制。

基于自然伽马测井的煤系关键金属精细勘探技术

滇东—黔西上二叠统煤系底部赋存着累积厚度达数米、以自然伽马测井正异常为特征的Nb-Zr-REY-Ga型关键金属矿层,是我国最有开发潜力的煤系关键金属资源之一。当前对该矿层的研究主要聚焦于关键金属物质来源、赋存状态和成矿模式等方面,而利用自然伽马测井数据对该矿层进行定量识别和浓度计算等工作还未开展过,尽管这项工作对将来这些矿层关键金属的勘探和开发具有重要意义。论文以Zr和Ga两种元素为例,利用收集和实测的关键金属浓度及其对应的自然伽马值等数据,进行了基于自然伽马测井的关键金属矿层精细勘探技术研究。结果表明:研究区Zr和Ga元素浓度的预测模型分别为y=133.42x^(2)+262.23x+224.43和y=31.587e^(0.2273x),指示两者最低开发利用浓度(2000μg/g和50μg/g)对应的自然伽马值分别为2.8 pA/kg和2.0 pA/kg。发现Haar小波3层分解获得的预测矿层位置与地球化学实测的矿层位置吻合度最高。预测模型验证结果表明,Zr和Ga元素浓度预测平均相对误差分别为14.21%和10.97%,矿层厚度预测平均相对误差分别为4.16%和4.82%,说明论文建立的关键金属精细勘探技术可以精确识别研究区关键金属矿层浓度和厚度,对滇东—黔西地区Nb-Zr-REY-Ga型关键金属矿层的精细勘探具有较好的应用价值。

东西协作高技能人才培养的“穗毕模式”创新探索

东西协作是阻断脱贫地区规模性返贫实现共同富裕的持续性国家战略,产教融合是高职院校加强高技能人才培养与区域经济产业适应性的关键,区域经济、区域资源、区域产业、区域人才四个维度的产教融合效力,彰显着教育科学的价值意义。在广州市对口支援贵州毕节市的总体部署框架下,高职院校人才培养全链对接产业升级,创新高技能人才培养的“穗毕模式”,强力支撑西部山区乡村振兴。然而从东西协作市域产教融合新视角审视“穗毕模式”,仍存在着制约难题;在东西协作市域产教联合体构建中,必须强化政府主导,推进“政校行企社村”多主体扎根共生,积极探索理念共识与机制体系创新可持续发展的有效路径。

东汉时期罗马和贵霜对西域归属汉朝的认知

有汉一代,西域被正式纳入中国统一多民族国家的格局之中,与此同时“西域与中原地区是一个整体”的观念也开始形成。这一观念不仅体现在中央政权对西域管辖权的宣示和西域各民族对中央政权的认同,也体现在域外国家对西域归属中国的认知。东汉时期,不论是罗马帝国的马其顿商团,还是迫使部分西域地方政权纳质的贵霜统治者,均将西域视作汉朝的一部分。这不仅与汉朝中央、西域地方政权对西域属于汉朝的认知形成呼应和对证,而且开辟了日后亚欧大陆诸多民族对西域与中原地区一体性认知的先例,进而从思想史的层面和世界史的视野佐证这一事实,即汉代以后历代中央政权经略西域的实质,是中国统一多民族国家对在汉代已属一体的中原地区与西域的不断整合,而非西方帝国历史经验中的“征服”。这一研究有助于我们进一步审视近代以来部分国外学者在新疆历史认知上的局限,以及长期流行的“中原地区—内亚”二元对立视角,重新看待中国统一多民族国家形态的特殊性和延续性。

东西部区域协同创新水平测度及提升对策——以宁夏和10个东部地区省份为例

通过构建宁夏与东部省份的科技协同创新指标体系,运用熵值法确定各级指标的权重,系统性地评估2017—2021年间宁夏与东部10个省份的科技协同创新水平。通过对综合创新水平和协同创新水平这两个一级指标的深入分析,研究表明,宁夏与东部地区科技协同创新水平明显提高,但宁夏在综合创新水平上与东部地区相比仍有显著差距;东西部主体间和区域间的协同创新极大地促进宁夏区域创新能力的提升,凸显区域协同创新在提升西部省份科技创新能力、促进地区间资源共享和优势互补、加速地区经济发展的重要作用。因此,要从增强资源配置的强度、促进人才要素流动、驱动有效创新产出和加强主体间与区域间协同4个方面实现科技创新协同发展。研究结果不仅为宁夏与东部地区省份之间的科技协同创新提供了实证支持,也为缩小东西部发展差距、促进技术和知识交流提出具体对策建议。

湖南省城乡收入差距演变及空间分布格局研究

以湖南省各区县城乡居民人均可支配收入2012—2021年数据作为考察对象,对湖南省城乡收入差距进行空间统计分析,挖掘湖南省14个市州城乡居民收入差距的地域分布规律,研究表明:整体而言,湖南省14个市州的城乡居民收入比值在缩小,湖南省城乡居民收入比呈S型曲线,大体经历了两个快速下降和一个平缓阶段;但是湖南省14个市州城乡居民收入差距缩小幅度非均衡,城乡居民收入差距缩小幅度呈现东中西地带性分布格局。为此,需要推动西部地带农业现代化、城镇化和产业化,进而推动东中西地带农村经济协同发展。

可持续生计框架下城镇家庭生活性借贷行为研究--基于2017年CHFS数据的实证分析

基于2017年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,设计我国城镇家庭生活性借贷行为的可持续生计框架,运用熵值法赋权、Probit边际效应模型进行回归分析,首先实证分析全国城镇家庭生活性借贷行为影响因素,其次按东、中、西部地区进行划分,分析各地区城镇家庭生活性借贷行为的影响因素,并进行内生性与稳健性检验。实证结果表明,对中部地区城镇家庭而言,人力资本、经济资本、社会资本均会促进其生活性借贷的产生,而物质资本则会抑制其行为;对东、西部地区城镇家庭来说,人力资本、经济资本、社会资本均对其生活性借贷行为产生显著性影响,但不同地区具体的影响因素各不相同,使得其实证结论不一。因此,若欲改善各地区家庭生活性借贷现状,进而降低家庭负债率,应考虑各地区人力、经济、社会及物质等因素的实际情况,东部地区城镇家庭保持生计资本投入稳步增长,家庭借贷行为平稳有序发展;中、西部地区城镇家庭增加家庭资本积累,金融机构放宽借贷条件,配合政府政策,将家庭、金融机构及政府三方的努力相结合,共建稳定、和谐、高质量发展的新格局。

甘肃东西区夏季不同强度降水事件天气成因分析

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研究区地质构造上隶属于陶乐-彭阳冲断带中段韦州-马家滩褶断带,这一特殊的构造位置与演化特征,造就该区具备地热、煤炭等资源形成的优良地质条件。以往研究表明,断裂构造是地热及煤炭赋存的最主要控制因素。为解译鄂尔多斯西缘中段断裂体系特征,作者以1∶20万区域重力资料为基础,钻孔、大地电磁测深剖面为约束,利用水平方向导数、归一化标准差等各类边界识别方法,对研究区断裂体系进行精细解译,为后期地热资源及煤炭勘探工作提供依据。

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工业互联网标识解析作为促进数字经济高质量发展的关键基石,将为数字经济的发展增添新的动能。近年来,工业互联网标识解析的发展拔节而上、积厚成势,发展脉动愈发强劲。基于我国东西部工业互联网标识解析发展现状及差距,分析了工业互联网标识解析在我国东西部地区呈现显著差距的原因,提出了缩小中西部地区标识解析发展差距的对策和建议。

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