This article explores the relationship between the tourist's cognition of the landscape experience and the environmental conservation efforts at three distinct tourist sites in mountains of southwestern China. A t...This article explores the relationship between the tourist's cognition of the landscape experience and the environmental conservation efforts at three distinct tourist sites in mountains of southwestern China. A total of 1500 on-site questionnaire surveys were distributed and 1142 valid questionnaires were used for statistical analysis. Results from multi-group path analysis showed that both cognition of the cultural landscape experience and cognition of the natural landscape experience had positive impacts on environmental conservation behaviors and behavior intentions of tourists. Results from comparative analysis among the three tourist sites indicated that cognition of the cultural landscape experience had a stronger power to predict senior environmental conservation behaviors and behavior intentions than cognition of the natural landscape experience, whereas cognition of the natural landscape experience had more power to predict general environmental conservation behaviors and behavior intentions than cognition of the cultural landscape experience. Furthermore, our findings benefit environmental management and sustainabilityat tourist sites.展开更多
The Chinese Grouse (Bonasa sewerzowi) is a bird endemic to China,inhabiting the conifer-dominated high mountains.It occurs in the most southern range of grouse and is the smallest grouse species in the world.The Chine...The Chinese Grouse (Bonasa sewerzowi) is a bird endemic to China,inhabiting the conifer-dominated high mountains.It occurs in the most southern range of grouse and is the smallest grouse species in the world.The Chinese Grouse has been listed as an endangered species by the China Red Data Book and placed in Category I of nationally protected animals.Since 1995,we have systematically conducted work on the Chinese Grouse using radiotelemetry techniques at the Lianhuashan Nature Reserve in Gansu Province,western China.In this presentation we summarize the mating behavior,nest site selection,incubation rhythm,winter social behavior,diet and other natural history characteristics of this species.With the aid of landscape ecological methods,we also analyze the condition of habitat fragmentation and propose suggestions for conservation.展开更多
Eco-environment lays foundation for human existence and development, and social and economy evolvement. Therefore, it is a fundamental principle to pro- tact and construct eco-environment and achieve sustainable devel...Eco-environment lays foundation for human existence and development, and social and economy evolvement. Therefore, it is a fundamental principle to pro- tact and construct eco-environment and achieve sustainable development. With ur- ban development, and destruction on natural environment, however, the issue of water and soil losses has become a serious problem, affecting people＇s life and production. The research, therefore, explored the role of water and soil conservation in ecological civilization construction, including bomprehensive treatment of water storage and sand reduction, improving agricultural structure and advancing rural econ- omy, relieving the conflict between supply and demand of water resources, improv- ing eco-environment in mountainous regions and accelerating eco-construction.展开更多
Under the implementation of principal functional zoning,further promotion of western development,regional migration,new countryside construction,global warming and so on,the spatial adjustment of regional industry and...Under the implementation of principal functional zoning,further promotion of western development,regional migration,new countryside construction,global warming and so on,the spatial adjustment of regional industry and its structure must be enforced.The spatial adjustment and arrangement of population and economy in the mountainous areas of southern Ningxia could create tremendous opportunity for its eco-environment conservation.Based on analysis on the opportunity and challenge of eco-environment conservation in the mountainous areas of southern Ningxia,some countermeasures of eco-environment conservation were discussed in the paper,so as to provide some theoretical references for the eco-environment conservation in the mountainous areas of southern Ningxia.展开更多
Cliff deformation behavior after conservation is of great significance for evaluating the conservation effect and discovering the dynamical law of soil. Modeling on deformation behavior is beneficial to the quantitati...Cliff deformation behavior after conservation is of great significance for evaluating the conservation effect and discovering the dynamical law of soil. Modeling on deformation behavior is beneficial to the quantitative evaluation of interactions between soil mass and structures as well as the forecast. Based on cliff conservation engineering of Jiaohe Ruins （the largest raw soil heritage site in the world）, data of horizontal deformation of the upper cliff were obtained by using Nanrui-made NDW-50 displacement device （precision： 0.01 mm, frequency： 15 min^-l）. Regression analysis indicates that deformation behavior models include exponential growth, linear growth and parabolic growth types, while daily deformation presents more intense periodicity （24 h）. The deformation is less than 1.5 mm during monitoring period, which has no impact on the stability of cliff. Deformation behavior provides the mutual duress and interaction between soil and engineering intervention. In addition, deformation mode attaches tensely to the damage pattern of the cliff. The conclusions are of importance to the stability evaluation of the carrier along Silk Road.展开更多
We study the large time behavior of solutions of scalar conservation laws with periodic initial data. Under a very weak nonlinearity condition,we prove that the solutions converge to constants as time tends to infinit...We study the large time behavior of solutions of scalar conservation laws with periodic initial data. Under a very weak nonlinearity condition,we prove that the solutions converge to constants as time tends to infinity. Our results improve the earlier ones since we only require the flux to be nonlinear at the mean value of the initial data.展开更多
In this paper, we use Lax-Oleinik formula to study the asymptotic behavior for the initial problem of scalar conservation law u_t + F(u)_x = 0. First, we prove a simple but useful property of Lax-Oleinik formula(Lemma...In this paper, we use Lax-Oleinik formula to study the asymptotic behavior for the initial problem of scalar conservation law u_t + F(u)_x = 0. First, we prove a simple but useful property of Lax-Oleinik formula(Lemma 2.7). In fact, denote the Legendre transform of F(u) as L(σ), then we can prove that the quantity F(q)-′qF(q) + L(′F(q)) is a constant independent of q. As a simple application, we first give the solution of Riemann problem without using of Rankine-Hugoniot condition and entropy condition. Then we study the asymptotic behavior of the problem with some special initial data and prove that the solution contains only a single shock for t > T~*. Meanwhile, we can give the equation of the shock and an explicit value of T~*.展开更多
This study aimed to pro-environmentally analyze farmers'concerns and behaviors towards soil conservation.This research was a descriptive,causal,and correlational and conducted through a survey technique.The study ...This study aimed to pro-environmentally analyze farmers'concerns and behaviors towards soil conservation.This research was a descriptive,causal,and correlational and conducted through a survey technique.The study population consisted of all farmers at the central district of Sari county,Iran(N=9621).Based on the Cochran's formula,120 farmers were selected using stratified random sampling.The instrument employed in this study was a questionnaire with its validity being confirmed by a number of academic experts and agriculture specialists and its reliability being proved using Cronbach's alpha coefficients in a pilot study(outside the scope of the current study).(0.66≤α≤0.90).The results of the analysis regarding the effects of independent variables on the variables"soil conservation behavior"and"soil conservation concern"indicated that,among the variables affecting these two variables,the variable"attitude towards soil conservation"was the most powerful predictor of"soil conservation concerns"and the variable"social pressures on soil conservation"predicted farmers'"soil conservation behaviors"better.Furthermore,the independent variables used in this research could predict 42% of the variance in terms of soil conservation concern and 21% of the variance in terms of soil conservation behavior.These findings can be practical and appropriate for executive officials since,instead of making efforts to direct change the behavior,they can first focus on conceptual changes and persuasive changes like changing attitudes towards soil conservation.展开更多
Abstract This paper concerns the asymptotic behaviors of the solutions to the initial-boundary value problem for scalar viscous conservations laws ut + f(u)x = ux,x on [0,1], with the boundary condition u(0,t)=um,u(1t...Abstract This paper concerns the asymptotic behaviors of the solutions to the initial-boundary value problem for scalar viscous conservations laws ut + f(u)x = ux,x on [0,1], with the boundary condition u(0,t)=um,u(1t)=u+ and the initial data u(x,0)= u0(x, where um p u+ and f is a given function satisfying f'(u>0 for u under consideration. By means of energy estimates method and under some more regular conditions on the initial data, both the global existence and the asymptotic behavior are obtained. When um < u+, which corresponds to rarefaction waves in inviscid conservation laws, no smallness conditions are needed. While for um > u+, which corresponds to shock waves in inviscid conservation laws, it is established for weak shock waves, which means that |um m u+| is small. Moreover, exponential decay rates are both given.展开更多
The fields of behavioral ecology, conservation science, and environmental toxicology individually aim to protect and manage the conservation of wildlife in response to anthropogenic stressors, including widespread ant...The fields of behavioral ecology, conservation science, and environmental toxicology individually aim to protect and manage the conservation of wildlife in response to anthropogenic stressors, including widespread anthropogenic pollution. Although great emphasis in the field of toxicology has been placed on understanding how single pollutants affect survival, a comprehensive, interdis- ciplinary approach that includes behavioral ecology is essential to address how anthropogenic compounds are a risk for the survival of species and populations in an increasingly polluted world. We provide an integrative framework for behavioral ecotoxicology using Tinbergen＇s four postu- lates （causation and mechanism, development and ontogeny, function and fitness, and evolution- ary history and phylogenetic patterns）. The aims of this review are： 1） to promote an integrative view and re-define the field of integrative behavioral ecotoxicology; 2） to demonstrate how study- ing ecotoxicology can promote behavior research; and 3） to identify areas of behavioral ecotoxicol- ogy that require further attention to promote the integration and growth of the field.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41171121, Grant No. 41301134)
文摘This article explores the relationship between the tourist's cognition of the landscape experience and the environmental conservation efforts at three distinct tourist sites in mountains of southwestern China. A total of 1500 on-site questionnaire surveys were distributed and 1142 valid questionnaires were used for statistical analysis. Results from multi-group path analysis showed that both cognition of the cultural landscape experience and cognition of the natural landscape experience had positive impacts on environmental conservation behaviors and behavior intentions of tourists. Results from comparative analysis among the three tourist sites indicated that cognition of the cultural landscape experience had a stronger power to predict senior environmental conservation behaviors and behavior intentions than cognition of the natural landscape experience, whereas cognition of the natural landscape experience had more power to predict general environmental conservation behaviors and behavior intentions than cognition of the cultural landscape experience. Furthermore, our findings benefit environmental management and sustainabilityat tourist sites.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 39400016,30370223,30620130110,31071931) since 1995
文摘The Chinese Grouse (Bonasa sewerzowi) is a bird endemic to China,inhabiting the conifer-dominated high mountains.It occurs in the most southern range of grouse and is the smallest grouse species in the world.The Chinese Grouse has been listed as an endangered species by the China Red Data Book and placed in Category I of nationally protected animals.Since 1995,we have systematically conducted work on the Chinese Grouse using radiotelemetry techniques at the Lianhuashan Nature Reserve in Gansu Province,western China.In this presentation we summarize the mating behavior,nest site selection,incubation rhythm,winter social behavior,diet and other natural history characteristics of this species.With the aid of landscape ecological methods,we also analyze the condition of habitat fragmentation and propose suggestions for conservation.
基金Supported by the Planning Subject of‘The Twelfth Five-Year-Plan’in National Science and Technology for The Rural Development in China(2011BAD31B01)~~
文摘Eco-environment lays foundation for human existence and development, and social and economy evolvement. Therefore, it is a fundamental principle to pro- tact and construct eco-environment and achieve sustainable development. With ur- ban development, and destruction on natural environment, however, the issue of water and soil losses has become a serious problem, affecting people＇s life and production. The research, therefore, explored the role of water and soil conservation in ecological civilization construction, including bomprehensive treatment of water storage and sand reduction, improving agricultural structure and advancing rural econ- omy, relieving the conflict between supply and demand of water resources, improv- ing eco-environment in mountainous regions and accelerating eco-construction.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (40801008)Scientific Research Project of North China University of Nationalities (2009Y014)
文摘Under the implementation of principal functional zoning,further promotion of western development,regional migration,new countryside construction,global warming and so on,the spatial adjustment of regional industry and its structure must be enforced.The spatial adjustment and arrangement of population and economy in the mountainous areas of southern Ningxia could create tremendous opportunity for its eco-environment conservation.Based on analysis on the opportunity and challenge of eco-environment conservation in the mountainous areas of southern Ningxia,some countermeasures of eco-environment conservation were discussed in the paper,so as to provide some theoretical references for the eco-environment conservation in the mountainous areas of southern Ningxia.
基金Project(2010BAK67B16) supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period of China
文摘Cliff deformation behavior after conservation is of great significance for evaluating the conservation effect and discovering the dynamical law of soil. Modeling on deformation behavior is beneficial to the quantitative evaluation of interactions between soil mass and structures as well as the forecast. Based on cliff conservation engineering of Jiaohe Ruins （the largest raw soil heritage site in the world）, data of horizontal deformation of the upper cliff were obtained by using Nanrui-made NDW-50 displacement device （precision： 0.01 mm, frequency： 15 min^-l）. Regression analysis indicates that deformation behavior models include exponential growth, linear growth and parabolic growth types, while daily deformation presents more intense periodicity （24 h）. The deformation is less than 1.5 mm during monitoring period, which has no impact on the stability of cliff. Deformation behavior provides the mutual duress and interaction between soil and engineering intervention. In addition, deformation mode attaches tensely to the damage pattern of the cliff. The conclusions are of importance to the stability evaluation of the carrier along Silk Road.
文摘We study the large time behavior of solutions of scalar conservation laws with periodic initial data. Under a very weak nonlinearity condition,we prove that the solutions converge to constants as time tends to infinity. Our results improve the earlier ones since we only require the flux to be nonlinear at the mean value of the initial data.
基金supported in part by NSFC(11671193)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(NE2015005)supported in part by NSFC(11271182 and 11501290)
文摘In this paper, we use Lax-Oleinik formula to study the asymptotic behavior for the initial problem of scalar conservation law u_t + F(u)_x = 0. First, we prove a simple but useful property of Lax-Oleinik formula(Lemma 2.7). In fact, denote the Legendre transform of F(u) as L(σ), then we can prove that the quantity F(q)-′qF(q) + L(′F(q)) is a constant independent of q. As a simple application, we first give the solution of Riemann problem without using of Rankine-Hugoniot condition and entropy condition. Then we study the asymptotic behavior of the problem with some special initial data and prove that the solution contains only a single shock for t > T~*. Meanwhile, we can give the equation of the shock and an explicit value of T~*.
文摘This study aimed to pro-environmentally analyze farmers'concerns and behaviors towards soil conservation.This research was a descriptive,causal,and correlational and conducted through a survey technique.The study population consisted of all farmers at the central district of Sari county,Iran(N=9621).Based on the Cochran's formula,120 farmers were selected using stratified random sampling.The instrument employed in this study was a questionnaire with its validity being confirmed by a number of academic experts and agriculture specialists and its reliability being proved using Cronbach's alpha coefficients in a pilot study(outside the scope of the current study).(0.66≤α≤0.90).The results of the analysis regarding the effects of independent variables on the variables"soil conservation behavior"and"soil conservation concern"indicated that,among the variables affecting these two variables,the variable"attitude towards soil conservation"was the most powerful predictor of"soil conservation concerns"and the variable"social pressures on soil conservation"predicted farmers'"soil conservation behaviors"better.Furthermore,the independent variables used in this research could predict 42% of the variance in terms of soil conservation concern and 21% of the variance in terms of soil conservation behavior.These findings can be practical and appropriate for executive officials since,instead of making efforts to direct change the behavior,they can first focus on conceptual changes and persuasive changes like changing attitudes towards soil conservation.
基金Partially supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 10101014), the Key Project of Natural Sciences Foundation of Beijing and Beijing Education Committee Foundation.Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Abstract This paper concerns the asymptotic behaviors of the solutions to the initial-boundary value problem for scalar viscous conservations laws ut + f(u)x = ux,x on [0,1], with the boundary condition u(0,t)=um,u(1t)=u+ and the initial data u(x,0)= u0(x, where um p u+ and f is a given function satisfying f'(u>0 for u under consideration. By means of energy estimates method and under some more regular conditions on the initial data, both the global existence and the asymptotic behavior are obtained. When um < u+, which corresponds to rarefaction waves in inviscid conservation laws, no smallness conditions are needed. While for um > u+, which corresponds to shock waves in inviscid conservation laws, it is established for weak shock waves, which means that |um m u+| is small. Moreover, exponential decay rates are both given.
基金JPS was funded by the National Science Foundation （IOS1257590）. The sym- posium from which this paper emerged was funded by the Animal Behavior Society.
文摘The fields of behavioral ecology, conservation science, and environmental toxicology individually aim to protect and manage the conservation of wildlife in response to anthropogenic stressors, including widespread anthropogenic pollution. Although great emphasis in the field of toxicology has been placed on understanding how single pollutants affect survival, a comprehensive, interdis- ciplinary approach that includes behavioral ecology is essential to address how anthropogenic compounds are a risk for the survival of species and populations in an increasingly polluted world. We provide an integrative framework for behavioral ecotoxicology using Tinbergen＇s four postu- lates （causation and mechanism, development and ontogeny, function and fitness, and evolution- ary history and phylogenetic patterns）. The aims of this review are： 1） to promote an integrative view and re-define the field of integrative behavioral ecotoxicology; 2） to demonstrate how study- ing ecotoxicology can promote behavior research; and 3） to identify areas of behavioral ecotoxicol- ogy that require further attention to promote the integration and growth of the field.
