Path Choice of New Countryside Construction in Western Region of China under the Perspective of Ecological Environment

General situation of ecological environment in western region is introduced,as well as its relationship with new countryside construction.Result shows that ecological conditions of western region not only play an important role in the achievement of new countryside construction in western region,but also directly affect the ecological safety of eastern region and the sustainable development of China.Problems in new countryside construction in western region are analyzed under the perspective of ecological environment,which are the weak concept of ecological protection,the ecological environment which needs to be improved,the difficulty in agriculture development,and the backward plan for human settlement.According to these problems,path of new countryside construction in western China is pointed out under the perspective of ecological environment,such as promoting ecological economy,developing competitive industries,speeding up spatial planning,optimizing the living environment,changing the traditional concept into scientific and rational development,and restoring the ecological environment by making use of agricultural support.

Materializing the “Urban Region” Concept by Integrating Ecological Networks and Central Place Theory

This paper attempts to integrate urban development and ecological conservation by applying and syncretizing the “urban region” concept from landscape ecology and the “city-region” concept from socioeconomics. First, various concepts pertaining to regions are discussed and then, the integration of ecological conservation and urban development on a regional scale is introduced. Subsequently, the Greater Pearl River Delta, in China, is used as a case study area and landscape ecology’s “urban region” concept is applied to produce a landscape spatial arrangement framework for an urban region. This framework is achieved through the following steps: conceiving the study area as a region that consists of two urban regions, arranging ecological conservation landscapes by establishing a regional ecological network within the urban-region rings;and formulating an urban development strategy using central place theory. The resulting landscape spatial arrangement solution includes natural protection areas that cover half of the study area, several key strategic urbanizing locations, and suggestions for the strict protection of certain agricultural land-use areas. We believe that this framework facilitates a feasible exploration of land-use planning on a regional scale, although more in-depth studies are required to refine this approach.

Eurasia Continental Bridge——An Important Link of the Coordinated Development between China's Eastern,Central and Western Regions

The new Eurasia Continental Bridgeruns from East China to Central andWest China, crossing 11 provincesand regions, namely Jiangsu, Shandong,Hubei, Anhui, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shanxi,Sichuan, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Ningxia.The total area is 3.6 million sq km and thepopulation is about 300 million, accountingfor a third and a quarter of the whole countryrespectively. The area is very rich in naturalresources, so it is called an "Economic goldbelt" and "Gold corridor". Aerial remote-control survey indicates that along thecontinental bridge from Lianyungang to theAla Mountains within China’s boundary,

Effect of regional ecological carrying capacity on economic transformation

Combined with the actual situation of the western region city of Zunyi, the three subsystems including social, economic and natural environment evaluation index systems of ECC have been built based on the theory of ecological carrying capacity(ECC). In addition, the factor analysis method has been used and the influence factors on the ECC in the economic transition have been gained. The results show that factors of ECC in the three subsystems have different influence: 1) the natural subsystem, which contains factors on the ECC, has obvious limitation, and it has the greatest influence on industrial waste discharge per capita; 2) the social subsystem has a restriction on the ECC, which affects the traffic environment mostly; 3) the economic subsystem has a certain restriction on ECC, which has a large effect on the consumption level per capita.

Analysis of Externality of Rural Labor Force Flow in Central and Western Regions of China and Benefit Compensation

According to the theories of institutional economics and development economics,the positive and negative externality of rural labor force flowing from central and western regions and into eastern regions of China were analyzed,and then it was proposed that it is necessary to positive externality,rather than take"household register"measures to solve the problem simply.

Research on central village selection in western underdeveloped region:a case study of Lidian Town,Jingning County,Gansu Province,China

Central village selection is the priority of small town construction.Depending on the development potential analysis,classification analysis,and quantitative and qualitative analysis,this article systematically proposes the specific methods of central village selection and also constructs the indicator system used in central village selection in small towns of western underdeveloped region in China.The article also puts forward ideas and methods for selection of central village in the western underdeveloped region through an empirical research on Lidian Town,Jingning County,Gansu Province.In the final part,suggestions and recommendations on how to develop central village for Lidian Town are made.

Comparative Assessment of the Proximate and Mineral Composition of <i>Cucumis sativus</i>L. and <i>Solanum aethiopicum</i>L. Fruit Samples Grown in South Eastern and North Central Regions of Nigeria Respectively

Studies were carried out to comparatively assess the proximate and mineral composition of Solanum aethiopicum L. and Cucumis sativus L. fruit samples grown in the South Eastern and North Central regions of Nigeria respectively, following standard analytical procedures and instrumentation. The mineral elements (Na, K, Zn and Ca) were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer after wet digestion of the samples while the proximate parameters (ash content, moisture content, crude fibre content, crude protein content, crude fat content and carbohydrate content) were determined in accordance with standard analytical procedures. The mean range of the moisture, crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat, ash and carbohydrate contents in the S. aethiopicum L. fruit samples grown in the North Central and South Eastern regions of Nigeria were 72.49 - 88.23, 2.15 - 3.67, 1.31 - 1.85, 0.43 - 0.76, 0.51 - 0.84 and 3.18% - 5.72% respectively. Additionally, the moisture, crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat, ash and carbohydrate contents in the Cucumis sativus L. fruit samples grown in the South Eastern and North Central regions of Nigeria, had mean range of values of 93.60 - 98.76, 0.53 - 0.77, 2.14 - 2.84, 0.29 - 0.46, 0.90 - 1.14 and 3.88% - 4.66% respectively. The range of mean values of Na, K, Zn and Ca in the S. aethiopicum L. fruit samples from the South Eastern and North Central regions of Nigeria were 0.36 - 0.57, 1.92 - 2.80, 0.84 - 1.01 and 0.43 - 0.61 μg/g respectively. Also, Na, K, Zn and Ca had mean range of values of 1.36 - 4.08, 10.16 - 13.09, 0.45 - 0.66 and 5.85 - 9.3 μg/g respectively in the C. sativus L. fruit samples grown in the South Eastern and North Central regions in Nigeria. The levels of the determined proximate of parameters and mineral elements in the studied fruit samples from the investigated regions of Nigeria were statistically significant. This therefore indicates that the geographical locations where these fruit samples grew could have significantly impacted on their nutrient content levels. The levels of the determined proximate parameters from the selected regions of Nigeria shows that consumption of the fruit samples (S aethiopicum L. and C. sativus L.) especially regularly, would help supply the essential nutrients and minerals required for a healthy living.

Comparative Assessment of the Phytochemical and Selected Heavy Metal Levels in <i>Cucumis sativus</i>L. and <i>Solanum aethiopicum</i>L. Fruit Sample Grown in South Eastern and North Central Regions of Nigeria Respectively

Studies were carried out to comparatively assess the phytochemical and heavy metal levels in Solanum aethiopicum L. and Cucumis sativus L. fruit samples grown in the South Eastern and North Central regions of Nigeria respectively using standard analytical procedures and instrumentation. The fruit samples were assayed for selected heavy metals (Pb, Cd and Cu) using atomic absorption spectrophotometer after wet digestion of the samples. The five detected phytochemicals (flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins and glycosides) were present at varying amounts in the investigated fruit samples from the South Eastern and North Central regions of Nigeria. The range of mean values of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and glycosides in the S. aethiopicum L. fruit samples from the two studied regions were 0.50 - 0.57, 0.53 - 1.26, 0.44 - 0.78, 1.12 - 1.93 and 0.40 - 0.50 mg/g respectively. The range of mean values of flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins and glycosides in the C. sativus L. fruit samples from the two studied regions of Nigeria were 1.27 - 1.69, 0.53 - 0.55, 0.96 - 1.51, 0.41 - 0.83 and 0.90 - 1.74 mg/g respectively. The range of mean vales of Pb, Cd, and Cu in the S. aethiopicum L. fruit samples from the two studied regions were 0.15 - 0.24, 0 - 0.01, 0.78 - 1.12 μg/g respectively. 0.31 - 0.40, 0.02 - 0.05 and 0.62 - 0.96 μg/g were the range of mean values of Pb, Cd and Cu respectively in the C. sativus L. fruit samples from the two studied regions of Nigeria. Of the three investigated heavy metals, only Cd was at toxic levels in the C. sativus L. fruit samples from the South Eastern and North Central regions of Nigeria. This is therefore a health concern to the fruit consumers that includes these fruits in their habitual daily fruit diets. Although the therapeutic and pharmaceutical benefits that would be derived from consuming, the investigated fruit samples has been shown in this study, there is therefore a possible risk of undue exposure to environmental pollutants such as heavy metal, especially through growing these fruits in polluted soils resulting from unwholesome anthropogenic practices. For fruit consumers to derive maximum health benefits from consuming these fruits, pollutants like heavy metals must be at non-toxic levels and this can only be achieved by ensuring that these fruits samples are grown and harvested in environments with less anthropogenic activities.

An Evaluation on the Effects of the Policy of the Great Campaign of Western Development of China in the First 10 Years Based on the Kuznets Regional Inverted-U Theory

In order to reduce the regional differentials or narrow the gap in economic development between eastern and western areas and prevent the intensification of contradictions resulting from the regional inequality during the development process, the government of China launched the Great Campaign of Western Development （GCWD） in 2000. In this paper, we will evaluate the effects of the first 10 years＇ GCWD and use the latest Chinese annual data from 1978 to 2010 to investigate the problem of regional differentials in the development process, evaluate the effects of GCWD policy and test whether there is a regional Kuznets inverted-U curve in the regional development of China. The result shows that there are both good and bad news： the good news is that the inverted U-shaped curve of absolute differential between eastern and western areas finally emerges （the previous studies showed that the inverted-U curve did not appear and the differentials between eastern and western areas became worse） and the bad news is that the differential is in the first half of the inverted U-shaped curve in our choice of time span （1978-2010）, that is, it is still in the situation of deterioration, and the turning better point will emerge in 2025. Although the western areas have benefitted from GCWD, the absolute gap has been still widened. To narrow the gap, the western areas should accelerate the industrial development and the government should adjust the policy and make more efforts to support the development of the industry in the western areas, especially cultivate and support the development of the western characteristic and advantageous industry rather than just supporting the construction of infrastructure in the western areas.

Study on the Moment Magnitude of Small and Moderate Earthquakes Located in the Inner Mongolia Region

Based on digital seismic waveform data from Inner Mongolia Digital Seismic Network,the source spectrum parameters of 182 small and moderate earthquakes from January,2009to September,2016 are derived,and the seismic momentmoment magnitude MW of the earthquakes are calculated.Theand the relationship between stress drop and magnitude are obtained using the linear regression method.It is clear that incorporating the moment magnitude into the seismic quick report catalog and the official earthquake catalog can enrich earthquake observation report content,thus providing better service for earthquake emergency and earthquake scientific research.

2005-2020年亚洲中部干旱区生态站月潜在蒸散量数据集

潜在蒸散表征大气蒸发能力,是衡量区域蒸发能力的重要指标,也是评价气候干旱程度变化、水资源供需平衡、植被耗水量等的关键参数。在收集中亚生态系统监测网络12个生态站和中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)11个位于西北干旱区生态站的气象观测数据基础上,经过数据质量控制与插补,采用Penman-Monteith模型计算潜在蒸散量,生成了2005-2020年亚洲中部干旱区生态站月潜在蒸散量数据集。本数据集时间序列较长、覆盖多种生态系统类型,可作为亚洲中部干旱问题研究的基础数据、模型输入数据、模拟结果验证数据等,也可为该区域水资源的合理开发与利用、生态环境保护等方面研究提供数据支撑。

湘西森林旅游区域生态服务功能与价值估算

【目的】湘西是我国南方重要的生态功能区,在森林旅游区域实施林分抚育协同森林旅游开发,对推动地区绿色发展有益。【方法】面积迭置获取森林旅游区域生态服务价值估算依据,采用货币价值法、森林旅游功能指数(FTFI)和偏离-份额分析法(SSM),系统评价湘西森林旅游区域生态服务价值演变与空间特征。【结果】1)近20年来湘西森林旅游区域生态服务价值增加了771.90万元/hm^(2),年均增长38.59万元/hm^(2),县均增加32.16万元/hm^(2)。区域单位面积价值排序为:3A级及以上旅游景区(352.14亿元)>国有林场(121.06亿元)>国家森林(湿地)公园(115.86亿元)>自然保护区(99.18亿元)>全国乡村旅游扶贫重点村(47.83亿元)>中国少数民族特色村寨(27.71亿元)>文物保护单位(8.12亿元),森林旅游区域年均价值居前五位的是慈利县、永顺县、桑植县、永定区和沅陵县,居后五位的是洪江市、辰溪县、麻阳县、花垣县和新晃县;2)3A级及以上旅游景区价值最少县域为洪江市(1.16万元/hm^(2)),永定区、慈利县等12个县域的自然保护区区域价值为0,靖州县、龙山县等10个县域文物保护单位价值为0.01万元/hm^(2),桑植县、泸溪县等4个县域国家森林(湿地)公园单位价值为0,国有林场、全国乡村旅游扶贫重点村、中国少数民族特色村寨单位价值最少县域为芷江县(0.18万元/hm^(2))、花垣县(0.12万元/hm^(2))和麻阳县(0.08万元/hm^(2));3)森林旅游区域的固碳释氧、涵养水源功能价值县均达390.43万元/hm^(2)和382.94万元/hm^(2),保育土壤、积累营养物质和保护生物多样性价值较大,森林景观价值县均为11.01万元/hm^(2)。各时段永定区、慈利县、桑植县、永顺县的森林旅游功能指数较大,均超过了1.5的水平值,其他20个县域基本持平。【结论】湘西森林旅游区域生态服务功能多样、价值不断增加,3A级及以上旅游景区、国有林场、国家森林(湿地)公园、自然保护区是发挥生态服务价值的主要区域类型。加强县域协作,坚持森林主体功能定位,调整森林生态绩效结构,合理划定森林生态服务功能分区,能提高森林旅游区域生态服务价值供给水平。

我国中西部地区经济高质量发展水平测度与区域差异比较

了解中西部地区经济高质量发展水平现状,进一步分析各地区经济高质量发展水平存在差异的原因,对加快推动中西部地区经济高质量发展具有重要意义。基于五大新发展理念,构建经济高质量发展水平评价指标体系,采用熵值法,对中西部地区156个地级市的经济高质量发展水平进行测度,并通过Dagum基尼系数、耦合协调度模型与Moran’s I指数,探究西部地区经济高质量发展水平的差异性及其原因。研究结果表明:中西部地区整体的经济高质量发展水平呈不断上升趋势,但仍处于较低水平,其中,中部地区的经济高质量发展水平高于西部地区,且两地区之间的发展水平有进一步被拉大的趋势。经济高质量发展水平差距主要来源于区域内差异,且五大新发展理念在互动过程中存在着严重失调的情况,会严重制约经济高质量发展水平的提升。对此,应持续坚持区域协调发展战略,提高地区创新水平,有效推动地区发展之间的良性互动。

社会-生态系统视角下的传统村落空间景观演化机制及资源治理特征

【目的】将以资源治理为主要研究对象的“社会-生态系统”相关理论引入传统村落保护研究领域,从多学科视野阐明人居环境有形表征下普遍存在的无形社会治理过程,推动传统村落价值认知和保护方法的创新。【方法】以滇西地区云龙盐业村落为案例,采用社会-生态系统框架与适应性循环模型,通过共时性和历时性分析,揭示云龙传统盐业村落空间景观在不同演化阶段的治理情景和特征。【结果】在前循环期,社会-生态系统以资源生产为演化驱动力,行动者在“资源开发维持”与“资源流通管理”两个行动情景中,通过制定一系列可持续的资源分配规则,产出了丰富的物质与非物质要素,进而发展出“业缘-血缘-地缘”联结的盐业社会及河谷盐业村落景观、山间古道桥梁景观、山地梯田田园景观。进入以资源转化为演化驱动力的后循环期,经历“资源停滞衰败”与“资源转化更新”行动情景,针对要素关联断裂、空间景观缺乏保护的现状,通过治理策略将遗产资源转化为生态、社会、经济等资源。【结论】传统盐业村落的空间景观演化过程体现了人类社会围绕盐资源开发利用而进行的复杂治理关系。重识村落演化特征及可持续利用自然资源的传统智慧、重构以资源治理为核心线索的遗产保护框架、重建以资源转化重组为驱动力的治理机制,有利于促进传统村落特色空间景观的保护与发展。

Historical experience in the elimination of visceral leishmaniasis in the plain region of Eastern and Central China

Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)(kala-azar)was most seriously prevalent in the plain regions of eight provinces/municipalities in the eastern and central parts of China.In the early 1950s,the number of counties/cities endemic for VL and the number of cases in the plain regions accounted for 60%and 80%,respectively,of the total numbers in the entire country.By implementing comprehensive control measures,including treatment of patients for eliminating the source of infection and spraying insecticide in endemic villages to kill sandflies,VL transmission has been brought under control in this region by the early 1960s,and no new infected cases have been found since 1983,achieving the goal of eliminating VL.

中原地区战国至西汉墓葬出土陶釜研究

本文通过系统聚类分析方法,对中原地区战国至西汉墓葬出土的陶釜进行了类型学研究,认为战国中期陶釜以一种特殊葬俗的形式出现在郑州地区,战国晚期开始陶釜迅速发展,分布范围变广,数量和类型明显增多,包含有郑韩文化、晋文化和秦文化三大系统。进入汉代,陶釜数量急剧减少,类型单一。陶釜在中原地区的发展历程与秦文化有密切的关系。

鄂西—渝东地区上二叠统大隆组页岩气富集条件与勘探有利区

近年来,鄂西—渝东地区多口井在二叠系大隆组获得页岩气重要发现和工业气流,展现出新层系海相页岩气良好的勘探开发前景,深化其地质认识对于指导下一步页岩气勘探具有重要意义。为此,基于岩心观察、薄片及扫描电镜观察、测/录井和有机地球化学数据分析,系统研究了该地区页岩沉积特征、储层特征、有机地球化学特征、含气性和保存条件,明确了大隆组海相页岩气勘探有利区。研究结果表明:①晚二叠世大隆期,该区发育深水台盆相沉积,富有机质页岩发育厚度10~60 m,现今埋深具有盆内埋深大、盆外埋深浅的特征;②大隆组自下而上划分为3段,一段以硅质页岩为主,二段岩性较为复杂,三段以混合质页岩为主,测井响应上表现为高自然伽马、高补偿中子、高声波时差、低电阻率、低密度、电阻率向底部逐渐降低的“三高两低一降”特征;③大隆组页岩脆性矿物以石英和方解石为主,平均值分别为40.58%和23.76%,储集空间分为孔隙(有机质孔、矿物颗粒间孔、粒间溶蚀孔、粒内溶蚀孔)和裂缝(矿物层间缝、有机质与矿物间缝、有机质内裂缝)2大类7种类型,以有机质孔为主,孔径分布呈现“四峰”特征,孔体积集中介于1~10 nm和500~5000 nm两个孔径区间;④大隆组有机质丰度高、储层非均质性强、热演化程度高、有机质类型以Ⅱ1型为主、Ⅱ2型为辅,有机质孔发育;⑤大隆组页岩具有较高的含气量,良好的顶底板条件发挥了重要的封闭作用;盆内受构造抬升剥蚀和断裂影响小,保存条件整体较好,盆外残留向斜核部保存条件较好。结论认为:①大隆组是四川盆地页岩气勘探的新领域,在盆地内发育5个勘探有利区,面积合计5500 km^(2),可加快勘探评价节奏;②在盆外发育7个勘探有利区,面积合计6700 km^(2),应优选残留面积大的有利区开展风险勘探,寻找新的突破和发现。

“一带一路”建设中中西部地区对外开放战略思考点

“内陆地区外向化、中西部地区国际化”是促进区域协调发展的重点,是践行“一带一路”建设的重要内容,也是边疆地区实现跨越式发展的必然选择。影响西部地区发展的主要问题是“要素贫困”和“流动性资源短缺”,解决这些问题的根本方略就是运用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想构建和实施对外开放新战略,运用对空开放、沿边开放、沿路开放、网络开放等全方位开放方式,促进区域融合,融入国内和国际两个大循环之中,将当地丰富的自然资源转化为经济资源,转化为生产要素,汇聚流动性资源,推动财富增长,促进区域整体发展,建设中国式现代化。

川西藏东地区隧道围岩有害气体孕育机制及逸出风险评价研究

青藏高原复杂的地质构造使区域内断裂分布密集、岩性变化巨大,现有的研究成果无法有效预测岩层内有害气体赋存种类与状态。基于川西藏东地质演化相关研究成果,对区域内岩石、断裂构造以及水热循环影响下有害气体的成因及组分特征进行研究。通过对区域内地层构造及岩石分布进行分析,明确区域内主要气藏类型及分布范围;建立复杂地层有害气体逸出风险评价体系,并通过现场监测对评价效果进行验证。结果表明:1)川西藏东地区岩层主要有害气体孕育类型包括岩浆岩脱气孕育气体、变质岩化学反应释放气体、沉积岩油气矿藏富集气体、金属矿伴生气体等;其中,岩浆岩孕育有害气体主要赋存于入侵通道形成的气囊内,变质岩孕育有害气体主要赋存于酸性岩浆岩与碳酸岩接触面以及金属矿附近,沉积岩孕育有害气体主要赋存于油气盖层内。2)岩石圈断裂对深部有害气体的赋存最有利,水热循环通过物质扩散和水力运移2种方式加速深部有害气体的运移,其中深大主断裂控制型水热循环模式影响最显著。3)基于川西藏东地区地层岩性及断裂构造特征,对CO_(2)、CH_(4)、SO_(2)及H_(2)S等主要有害气体的赋存区域进行划分。4)根据研究区域地层岩性、断裂构造、水热分布特点,建立复杂地层有害气体逸出风险评价体系;根据隧道开挖高浓度有害气体逸出可能性划分为5个风险等级,并针对不同逸出风险提出相应防治建议。

2018-2021年我国东中西部地区医防协同耦合协调度分析

[目的]探究我国东中西部地区医防协同耦合协调度水平,为我国医防协同发展提供参考。[方法]基于文献研究法构建评价指标体系,运用熵权法和耦合协调度模型测算医防协同耦合协调度水平。[结果]2018-2021年我国东中西部地区平均耦合协调度分别为0.527、0.531、0.470,耦合协调度水平整体偏低。[结论]2018-2021年我国东中西部地区医防协同机制不完善,重医轻防现象严重,两系统发展不协调现象日益加剧,提示应提升预防在健康中国战略中的地位,逐渐改善“重医疗、轻预防”的局面,构建医疗与公共卫生有效协同机制。