Exploration of Ideological and Political Materials for the Course of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry for Environmental and Ecological Engineering Major

Integrating ideological and political theories teaching into the whole process of classroom teaching construction is a new requirement for implementing the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue and playing the role of collaborative education.In order to realize the seamless integration of inorganic and analytical chemistry courses and ideological and political education,this paper summarizes the current situation of ideological and political research on inorganic and analytical chemistry courses in three major databases in China(VIP,CNKI and Wanfang),and sorts out the knowledge points,ideological and political elements and educational goals according to the content of the course chapters,to provide a basic guarantee for the ideological and political education construction of the course.

Application of Energy-Saving Materials in Architectural Design

The conventional process of building construction is associated with issues such as the waste of construction materials and environmental pollution.Sustainable development highlights the importance of energy conservation and eco-friendly practices.It is essential to use energy-efficient and green materials in building designs to ensure the healthy growth of construction companies.This article discusses the advantages and principles of incorporating energy-saving materials in architectural design.It examines the strategies and critical control points for using energy-saving materials in architectural design,offering guidance for the sustainable development of the construction industry.

A Brief Analysis of Energy Conservation Ways by Building Materials for Ecological Architecture

The development of society and economy in China is bringing growth to all industries. In particular, the development of China’s building industry has attracted much attention. Building materials are an important part of and widely used in the building industry. Energy conservation by building materials has become an inevitable way of sustainable development. Centering on the building industry, this paper mainly discusses in detail the energy conservation ways by ecological architecture and building materials.

Green,Sustainable Architectural Bamboo with High Light Transmission and Excellent Electromagnetic Shielding as a Candidate for Energy-Saving Buildings

Currently,light-transmitting,energy-saving,and electromagnetic shielding materials are essential for reducing indoor energy consumption and improving the electromagnetic environment.Here,we developed a cellulose composite with excellent optical transmittance that retained the natural shape and fiber structure of bamboo.The modified whole bamboo possessed an impressive optical transmittance of approximately 60%at 6.23 mm,illuminance of 1000 luminance(lux),water absorption stability(mass change rate less than 4%),longitudinal tensile strength(46.40 MPa),and surface properties(80.2 HD).These were attributed to not only the retention of the natural circular hollow structure of the bamboo rod on the macro,but also the complete bamboo fiber skeleton template impregnated with UV resin on the micro.Moreover,a multilayered device consisting of translucent whole bamboo,transparent bamboo sheets,and electromagnetic shielding film exhibited remarkable heat insulation and heat preservation performance as well as an electromagnetic shielding performance of 46.3 dB.The impressive optical transmittance,mechanical properties,thermal performance,and electromagnetic shielding abilities combined with the renewable and sustainable nature,as well as the fast and efficient manufacturing process,make this bamboo composite material suitable for effective application in transparent,energy-saving,and electromagnetic shielding buildings.

Methodology of Marx for Ecological Justice

Historical materialism provides a methodology for solving the problem of ecological justice,that is,consciously constructing the socialist power system is the prerequisite and foundation for realizing ecological justice.In essence,the fundamental nature of the socialist power system,namely,“affinity to the people”,determines the realistic possibility of ecological justice.

Marx’s Ontology of Social Power System for Ecological Justice

Historical materialism provides the ontology basis to understand the contemporary ecological justice problem,which is the perspective for analyzing ecological interests from the nature,structure,and transition of the social power system.The transcendence of Marx’s thoughts on western mainstream environmental justice theory lies that it does not based on the“speculative ontology”of metaphysics,but on the basis of“realistic ontology”of social power system.

Recent Development of Sustainable Ecological Flame Retardant Textile Composite Material: A Review

The ecological and sustainable product is the demand of the present world. But it was not possible to produce an ecological and sustainable product for all sectors as the world requires now. The synthetic material is used to produce flame retardant materials due to the unavailable sustainable ecological flame-retardant material. But different researchers are trying to produce sustainable ecological flame-retardant material. This research found that the Spinach leaves Juice, banana pseudostem sap (SAP) and eggshell powder have flame retardant properties. Different literature shows that the ash also has flame retardant properties. So researcher suggested developing the composite material from the above materials with cotton fibres. It may be more effective as fire-retardant composite materials.

Monitoring long-term ecological impacts from release of Fukushima radiation water into ocean

After 10 years of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident,Japan decided to release the nuclear wastewater into the Pacific Ocean on 13 April 2021.It is apparent that Japan has chosen the most cost-efficient way to deal with the contaminated water,however,great opposition and concerns have been raised internationally due to the ecotoxicological features of radioactive materials and their harmful impacts on the environment.Here we an-alyze the ecological impacts caused by the nuclear accident and the potential impacts of releasing the nuclear wastewater into the ocean.Science-based solutions are proposed through a third-party evaluation and strict envi-ronmental assessment,multi-stakeholder public participation,integrated monitoring of the neighboring coastal countries,long-term international collaborative research,and setting up international convention for ecological compensation.

Research and Application Progress in Energy-saving Monolithic Refractories

Foeusing on high energy consumption of refracto- ties, our research works about monolithic refractories were introduced, such as bauxite-based corundum, mi- cro-porous light-weight bauxite-based clinker, light- weight ahunina-rich spinel, magnesia micropowder, .fast-drying refractory castables of blast furnace, largeare long-life fast-：~intering fling refractories for converter, higlz-strength light-weight mullite castalbles for ladle permanent liner, high-strength and low-conductivity for- sterite- vermiculite insulating board, basic shotcreting castables .for ladle permanent liner, magnesia - ealcia gunning mix for RH refining furnace, and light-weight castables in petrochemical industry.

Design Analysis and Research of Hydraulic Ecological Glass with Controllable Light Transmittance Function Based on Green Building Concept

This paper analyzes the related concepts of green buildings and hydraulic ecological glass,and explains in detail the market competitiveness of hydraulic ecological glass in green buildings.Finally,it analyzes the concept of hydraulic ecological glass design,and summarizes the universality and importance of hydraulic ecological glass in green buildings and modern housing.Through the analysis and application of green building design concept in housing and environment,it is concluded that hydraulic ecological glass has good market competitiveness,and its promotion will have a better impact on the whole green building.

Evaluation on Gambiered Guangdong Silk's Ecological Properties

To evaluate gambiered Guangdong silk's ecology properties,the raw materials ecology,production ecology and use ecology are analyzed;and the safety to human is tested according to GB/T18885-2002.Gambiered Guangdong silk is a kind of natural product.All its raw materials are reproducible and degradable natural resources,and it can decompose completely when being discarded.It is comfortable to wear,and easy to clean and dry.It is mainly manufactured by dip-dyeing in dye yam solution,and insolating under the burning sun.The production energy is solar,a kind of clean and reproducible energy.The production process is clean and environmental friendly.There is neither the utilization of synthetic dyestuff and chemical auxiliary,nor the discharge of environment pollutant,and even the dreg of dye yam is used as fuel.The safety test results show that pH value of water extract,heavy metal content(except for Pb content),color fastness and odor meet the requirements of GB/T18885-2002 and Okeo-tex standard 100.

铅冶炼渣基生态胶凝材料的研发及重金属固化

铅冶炼渣(LSS)是一种含有重金属(Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As和Pb)的危险废物,其不当处置会对生态系统造成不可挽回的危害。本工作采用化灰渣(LAS)、水氯镁石(BF)、矿粉(SP)及适量水泥(CM)协同激发铅冶炼渣制备生态胶凝材料。通过正交试验得到胶凝材料的最优配比,阐述了不同因素对生态胶凝材料抗压强度的影响;采用XRD、SEM、FTIR、硫酸和硝酸法等方法分析了胶凝材料水化产物的特性及重金属浸出规律。研究结果表明:当铅冶炼渣和水泥的质量比为3∶1,化灰渣、水氯镁石、矿粉的外掺量分别为铅冶炼渣和水泥质量总量的20%、10%、10%时,制备出的生态胶凝材料抗压强度最优,28 d抗压强度达到40.9 MPa,且矿粉掺量为影响其抗压强度的第一要素。微观分析表明,胶凝材料的水化产物主要为弗里德尔盐、方解石、C-S-H和C-A-S-H,它们相互连接形成致密的空间网络结构,这不但有助于提高胶凝材料的力学性能,还能实现对重金属元素的物理固封和离子交换吸附固化。胶凝材料对主要重金属的胶结固化率大于83%,重金属浸出液浓度符合生活饮用水卫生标准(GB5749-2006)的要求。

论生态文化在生态文明建设中的重要性

生态文化是以生态价值观为“灵魂”的文化。生态价值观可概括为两点:(1)非人自然物有其自身价值;(2)人与自然同属于一个生命共同体。人类中心主义和还原论是阻碍生态价值观深入人心的无比顽固的思想障碍。为建设生态文化,必须拒斥人类中心主义和还原论。环境伦理学对人类中心主义进行了系统的批判。量子物理学和复杂性科学(蕴含生态学)提供了反驳人类中心主义和还原论的科学依据。庸俗唯物主义错误理解了经济与文化的关系。工业文明带来的物质丰富,为我们正确理解经济与文化的关系提供了社会条件。生态文化建设对生态文明建设具有根本性的重要意义。生态文化直接倡导思想观念的根本转变,唯当人们转变了观念,才会产生从事各种生态文明建设具体事项的动机。

何以园林——浅议中国传统园林的象与境

该文在时空两个维度论证中国传统园林“境生象外”的特质。首先陈述“园以人存”的普遍现象,通过比较中西哲学,指出中国传统哲学以人生问题为主题,园林作为从传统文化中生发出来的艺术,实为生命的工具、人生价值的载体,与主人在儒家“三不朽”价值体系中共享永生,是时间维度的“境生象外”。其次,园林设计遵循“天人合一”原则而不拘泥于固定形式,追求主客体的统一、人与自然的协调相处,是空间维度的“境生象外”。最后总结了传统园林时空上的“象”虽变动,而其“境”的底层逻辑和价值标准却始终不变。这一观点对于理解传统园林的流变、推动新时代生态文明下园林形式的发展具有重要意义。

干旱半干旱区岩质边坡生态基材防护特性与优化配比

为修复干旱半干旱区岩质边坡的生态系统,获得生态护坡基材的优化配比,以一种新型生态基材为研究对象,以黏结剂、木纤维、保水剂为3个因素,各取3个水平,开展多指标多因素正交试验探索各因素和水平对基材性能的影响规律。结果表明:黏结剂可以有效提升基材的强度和水稳性能,与适量水分作用可以发挥最优效能。随其掺量的增加,抗剪强度表现为先增加后减小,渗透系数和崩解量均表现为减小;施用较少剂量的保水剂即可对基材的渗透、持水性能产生较大的影响,有效提高基材固持自然降水的能力;木纤维与黏结剂的相互作用,可以促进其对基材的加筋补强和改善土壤构型效能的发挥,增强基材的抗冲抗剪性能。除渗透系数随木纤维掺量的增加而增加外,其他指标均呈先增大后减小的趋势。由极差分析可得,各因素对基材性能的影响程度表现为黏结剂>木纤维>保水剂,获得基材的最优配比为黏结剂3%,木纤维4%,保水剂0.1%,最优含水率为16%。

长期化肥与不同有机物料配施对土壤微生物生态化学计量特征和群落结构的影响

【目的】研究长期化肥与不同有机物料配施对黄泥田土壤养分含量、土壤微生物生物量化学计量特征以及土壤微生物群落结构的影响,探讨微生物群落结构对养分变化的响应特征及其与微生物生物量化学计量变化的关系。【方法】田间试验开始于2011年,种植制度为单季稻。选取不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(NPK)、化肥配施紫云英(NPKGM)、化肥配施牛粪(NPKCM)和化肥配施水稻秸秆(NPKRS)5个处理。2022年水稻收获后采样,测定土壤有机质(SOM)、可溶性有机碳(DOC)、可溶性有机氮(DON)及全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)和有效磷(AP)、无机氮(IN)含量以及微生物生物量碳、氮、磷含量,并计算化学计量比;利用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)方法,分析微生物群落结构并计算相应指标。【结果】与NPK处理相比,化肥与紫云英、牛粪、水稻秸秆配施均能提高土壤有机质和养分含量,其中与牛粪配施的提升效果最好,SOM、TN、AP含量分别提高了40.7%、41.6%、108.6%。与CK相比,化肥与不同有机物料配施均显著提高了土壤MBC/MBN,降低了MBC/MBP和MBN/MBP,以配施牛粪处理的MBC/MBP最低。与NPK处理相比,化肥与不同有机物料配施均增加了土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌和总微生物生物量,降低了真菌/细菌(F/B)和革兰氏阳性菌/革兰氏阴性菌(G^(+)/G^(−))。冗余分析表明,土壤TN(P<0.05)是影响土壤微生物群落的最为关键环境因子,其次是土壤TP(P<0.05)。线性回归分析表明,MBC/MBN与DOC/(DON+IN)呈显著负相关,MBC/MBP与DOC/AP、MBN/MBP与(DON+IN)/AP均呈显著正相关。相关性分析表明,微生物生物量化学计量比的变化可能与F/B、G^(+)/G^(−)的值的变化密切相关,说明真菌与细菌、革兰氏阳性菌与革兰氏阴性菌等优势种群发生变化,可以在一定程度上引起微生物生物量化学计量比的变化。【结论】化肥与紫云英、牛粪、秸秆等有机物料配施,不仅可有效提高黄泥田土壤有机质和养分含量,还可改变土壤微生物生物量化学计量特征和微生物群落,其中与低化学计量比的牛粪配施效果最好。F/B、G^(+)/G^(−)的值与土壤微生物生物量化学计量比有相关关系,这种群落结构的重塑可能是黄泥田中土壤微生物响应底物化学计量比变化的有效策略。

不同有机物料与化肥配施对土壤真菌群落结构和生态功能的影响

为减少土壤土传病害,保障农田土壤健康,指导有机物料合理利用,在有机物料用量和化肥用量一致的基础上,设置单施化肥(CK)、羊粪+化肥(A)、木薯渣+化肥(P)、木本泥炭+化肥(M)、味精废浆料+化肥(I)5个处理,以玉米为供试作物进行了有机物料与化肥配施试验,观察了不同处理下土壤真菌群落结构的变化。结果表明:施用有机物料降低了土壤真菌群落多样性,但提高了真菌群落丰富度,其中味精废浆料配施化肥处理的真菌群落丰富度最高,各处理土壤中优势真菌门类均为子囊菌门、担子菌门和被孢菌门。施用有机物料后,木薯渣、木本泥炭和味精废浆料处理的子囊菌门的相对丰度均增加,担子菌门的相对丰度均降低;而羊粪处理表现出相反趋势,子囊菌门的相对丰度降低,担子菌门的相对丰度增加。冗余分析结果表明,土壤pH是影响真菌群落的主要环境因子,其次为有机质、电导率和速效钾,而碱解氮和有效磷的影响较小。另外,有机物料与化肥配施可以提高腐生营养型和共生营养型真菌的比例,减少病原菌的数量,其中以木本泥炭与化肥配施的效果更显著,这有利于维持土壤生态系统的稳定,为作物生产提供健康的土壤条件。