Assessment of impact of water diversion projects on ecological water uses in arid region

In arid regions, large-scale water diversion from rivers leads to significant changes in river flow regimes, which may have large impacts on ecological water uses of river-dependent ecosystems, such as river, lake, wetland, and riparian ecosystems. To assess the integrated impact of water diversion on ecological water uses, we proposed a hierarchy evaluation model composed of four layers representing the evaluation goal, sub-areas of the influenced region, evaluation criteria, and water diversion schemes, respectively. The evaluation criteria for different types of ecological water uses were proposed, and the analytical hierarchy process was used for the integrated assessment. For a river ecosystem, the percentage of mean annual flow was used to define the grade of environmental flow. For a lake ecosystem, water recharge to the lake to compensate the lake water losses was used to assess the ecological water use of a lake. The flooding level of the wetland and the groundwater level in the riparian plain were used to assess the wetland and riparian ecological water uses, respectively. The proposed model was applied to a basin in northern Xinjiang in northwest China, where both water diversion and inter-basin water transfer projects were planned to be carried out. Based on assessment results for the whole study area and two sub-areas, an appropriate scheme was recommended from four planning schemes. With the recommended scheme, ecological water uses of the influenced ecosystems can be maintained at an acceptable level. Meanwhile, economical water requirements can be met to a great extent.

Ecological impact assessment method of highways in Tibetan Plateau:A Case study of Gonghe-Yushu Expressway

In recent years,the ecological environment along highways in Tibetan Plateau has been severely affected due to the rapid construction of highways.In order to solve the problems of multiple indicators and inconsistent criteria in the ecological impact assessment of highways,and to scientifically screen assessment indicators,the paper proposes a multi-round indicator screening method,which combines literature analysis,expert rating,and statistical analysis.Based on this screening method,normalized difference vegetation index,land surface temperature,elevation,and normalized difference soil index are screened out.Combined with multiple linear regression,an ecological impact assessment model is established and applied to ecological impact assessment of Gonghe-Yushu Expressway.The results show that the expressway construction is the first driving force for the deterioration of the ecological environment along the roadside,and its interference range on the desert grassland ecosystem is greater than that on the agroforestry system.The ecological environment within 150 m on both sides of the expressway should be protected.

Preliminary Investigation on Tracking Evaluation of Planning Environmental Impact Assessment in Ecological Civilization Construction of Wuhan City

On the basis of experimental works of planning environmental impact assessment, works of planning environmental impact assessment such as each of the city＇s special planning and development zone planning were comprehensively promoted in Wuhan City, which effectively promoted the adjustment of Wuhan industrial structure, the rational layout of functions and the efficient utilization of resources, and laid a solid foundation for Wuhan City to be the supporting point for the rise of central China. Here, the work carried out in Wuhan was reviewed, combined with the new requirements of the current ecological civilization construction in Wuhan City, and the framework, the key technical points and the important focuses of the carrying out of the tracking evaluation of planning environmental impact assessment were proposed.

Research and Analysis of Regional Ecological Positioning in Planning Environmental Impact Assessment

The regional ecological positioning of one area is based on the region’s ecological orientation by the country or a larger region.Combined with the region’s natural geographical features,ecological background,main ecological problems,regional ecological structure,pattern,process,function and service,etc.,the position of a certain area in ecological space,structure,process,function and service,etc.is determined through the analysis and research.Regional ecological positioning is an important prerequisite and core basis for regional ecological impact assessment.However,in the current regional ecological impact assessment,most of them have not analyzed and studied the regional ecological positioning.Due to the lack of research on regional ecological positioning,it is rare to apply the research results of regional ecological positioning to the establishment of regional ecological objectives and the construction of index system.Regional ecological positioning does not guide the direction of regional ecological protection and construction well,and there is a general tendency of regional ecological positioning being one-sided and slogan-based.This paper analyzes the necessity and importance of research of regional ecological positioning,puts forward the technology framework of study on regional ecological positioning.With regional ecological positioning research in planning ecological impact assessment of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone as an example,how to carry out the study on the regional ecological positioning and how to apply the results of the study on the regional ecological positioning in regional ecological impact assessment are explained and illustrated.

Application of 3S techniques in the assessment of eco-environmental impact of the Shennongjia ski field, Hubei Province, China

The Shennongjia ski field lies at the edge of the Shennongjia nature reserves. The construction of the ski field will change the landscape pattern of the assessment district, and the production capacity and stability of the regional ecosystem in a certain degree, and will exert an influence on the ecological integrality of animal and plant habitats. This paper assesses the structure and function of the landscape ecosystem in the Niuchangpin ski field at Shennongjia, by using the theory and method of landscape ecology and 3S techniques. Through the calculation and comparison of landscape diversity indices and landscape aggregation indices, the influence imposed by the ski field project on the regional ecological integrality and relevant sensitive ecological issues is predicted. The results indicated that biomass of the natural system would decrease by 430.26 t, and correspondingly the average Net Primary Productivity would drop to 881.55 g/m2·a. The construction of the ski field would not change the matrix status of woodland and, however, it has a strong ability to control the quality of ecosystem. Combining 3S techniques with landscape-ecological theory will help turn the qualitative assessment into the quantitive one on the eco-environment impact. In this study a significant exploration has been conducted in the aspect of ecological impact assessment of construction projects.

Integrated Assessment of Trapping Efficiency of Colored Sticky Cards and Sex Pheromone on Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella

[Objective] To evaluate the control effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on Plutella xylostella and Liriomyza spp.,which can provide reference for large area extension of the technique.[Method] The integrated assessment of trapping efficiency of colored sticky cards and sex pheromone on Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella was conducted by field surveys and structured interview in Tonghai County,Yunnan Province,China.[Result] The results showed that yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone have strong power of trapping Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella（3 414±720 and（219±157） head/piece,respectively）;the control cost by the usage of pesticide is the highest,（10 099.5±2 752.5） yuan/hm^2,yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone takes the second place,（1 125.0±465.0） yuan/hm^2,the control cost by the usage of yellow sticky cards is the lowest,（450.0 ±186.0）yuan/hm^2.Without the usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs are（15.0±2.7） times and（12 070.5±2 136.0） yuan/hm^2;combined with usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs reduce by 5.7 times and 4 618.5 yuan/hm^2.The ratio of trapped beneficial insects and target pests was 1 ∶1 131,which showed that the negative effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on the non-target insects was very limited.[Conclusion] The trapping approach has become popular among all the local farmers.Looking at the above factors,the trapping technology has strong application prospect and promotion value in pest control field.

Ecological and Environmental Protection Requirements in China s Regional Coordinated Development Strategy in the New Era

Starting from the historical evolution of China s regional coordinated development policy and practice,three stages of"enlightenment stage","development stage"and"maturity stage",as well as the connotation,characteristics and content of implementing regional coordinated development strategy were analyzed.On this basis,from different aspects of industrial distribution,pollutant characteristics and regional environmental protection policy,the existing ecological and environmental protection problems in China s regional coordinated development in the new era were analyzed,and some suggestions for the next step were put forward.It is necessary to follow the"four ones"concept from the overall point of view,implement"three lines and one list"from the perspective of the width of the access red line,strengthen"joint prevention and control"from the perspective of the depth of regional regulation,deepen the"planning environmental impact assessment"from the perspective of the breadth of industrial distribution,and promote the"green-way model"from the perspective of ecological low carbon.

国土综合整治与生态修复对区域生态系统服务价值的影响评估

国土整治与生态修复对保障区域生态质量、优化生态安全格局和提升生态系统服务价值有积极的促进作用。定量化测算国土综合整治与生态修复对区域生态质量的影响是领域的研究热点和难点。以广西壮族自治区贺州市为例,提出了国土综合整治与生态修复对区域生态系统服务价值的影响评估方法,主要结论如下:(1)不同地类由于其质量不同,单位面积生态系统服务价值差距较大,研究提出了基于地类质量的单位面积生态系统服务价值确定方法,并据此测算了各地类通过整治修复质量的提升潜力;(2)贺州市整治修复前生态系统服务总价值为411.80亿元,经过评估,整治修复后生态系统服务总价值可以增加到458.06亿元,增加比例为11.23%。贺州市林地生态系统服务价值增加潜力最大,其次是草地、耕地。生态系统服务价值增加潜力在空间上呈现了东西两翼高于中部、南部地区高于东部地区的趋势;(3)贺州市各区县整治修复潜力差距较大,潜力最大的为八步区和昭平县,潜力提升比例最高的是富川县,不同区县可以根据结果确定整治修复的工程布局。研究结果对于区域国土空间整治与生态修复工程安排及整治修复绩效评估有重要的指导意义。

矿区生态环境调研评估与修复方案研究

以某矿区为例,对矿区水文环境、工程地质、基本设施等生态环境进行调研分析,结合调研结果预估矿山地质环境影响,分析矿区采矿活动对各类矿区地质环境因素所造成的影响。根据地质环境影响预测评估结果,实施矿区地质环境治理分区,介绍工程生态环境修复方案设计,为后续矿区生态环境修复方案设计,提供调研评估方法与修复设计方案参考。

抽水蓄能电站生态环境影响与环境影响评价要点研究

抽水蓄能电站的工程特点和环境影响特征与常规水电站存在差异,可根据环境影响特征将抽水蓄能电站分为“混合式”、“开循环(依托下库)”、“开循环(新建下库)”、“闭循环”4类,分别从评价等级与评价范围、环境现状调查与评价、影响预测与评价、环境保护对策措施等方面梳理了技术要点,并针对不同分类提出了生态用水保障、枢纽工程废水和污水处理、水库水质保护、水生生态保护及“以新带老”等环境保护措施。

生态学理论在建成环境评价体系中的融合与应用--BREEAM英国策略性生态框架研究

当前,生态学与人居环境科学之间的交叉融合成为建成环境可持续发展的重要研究方向。由于国家级的建成环境评价标准对城市建设活动具有引领性和导向性作用,因此如何将生态学理论融入标准中成为研究内容之一。本文介绍了BREEAM英国策略性生态框架的制定思路、总体目标和各项任务,以及在其指导下的基础设施评价、社区评价和建筑评价中关于场地生态影响评价部分的条款设置与实施重点。期望通过本研究能对如何将生态影响评价系统性、层级式、可实践化地融入国家级的建成环境评价标准起到一定的借鉴作用。

基于生态网络-脆弱性的生态修复保护区研究——以万年县为例

为了以系统思维为指导全方位加强生态文明建设,科学评估生态受损和失衡区域,实现保护和修复一体化,以江西省上饶市万年县为研究区,运用MSPA与MCR模型构筑生态网络,叠加生态脆弱性的评价分级,精准判定需进行生态修复的区域,并针对各区域的特性分类施策,提出相应的修复与保护措施。结果表明:(1)共识别出7处生态源地,总面积353.61 km^(2),21条生态廊道,总长度292.1 km,架构起了“一环、一核、多廊、多斑块”的生态安全网络格局;(2)研究区生态脆弱性评价结果以非脆弱与低度脆弱为主,但中心城区及其周围地带以及南部的低山区域的生态脆弱性较为显著,东南部边缘地带高脆弱区聚集;(3)识别出6块生态修复保护区域,并根据区域内土地利用实际情况将其分为三类,分别提出生态修复保护方案。本研究为万年县的生态修复保护工作提供了综合分析路径,能够精准识别出连通性强但脆弱性较高地带,为研究区国土空间生态修复和保护提供技术支撑。

基于思政育人理念的环境影响评价课程实践教学探索

在“绿水青山就是金山银山”的新时代论断下,在环境工程专业课程中引入思政育人理念,不仅有助于传统教学理念的改革,同时也可以提高教师的教学技能,还能够塑造当代大学生的生态文明观和增强社会责任感,培养具备良好的专业技能、拥有人文精神的新型理工科人才。该文以环境影响评价课程为例,对于环境工程专业基础课程如何开展课程思政改革进行实践教学探索。通过分析环境影响评价课程特点,结合课程思政建设目标,梳理课程思政建设的思路,总结将专业教育与思政教育融合的方法,举例说明如何建立思政育人目标达成的考核评价,初步为环境工程专业课程的思政改革提供实践经验。

基于MaxEnt模型的公路项目环评中重要物种适宜生境评价及预测

公路建设项目属于线性项目,其对生态环境的主要影响是对物种生境的阻隔和切割,致使物种适宜生境面积减少,并伴有光污染、声环境质量下降。基于拟建的穿越国家一级保护动物黑嘴松鸡生境的公路,以MaxEnt为预测模型,模拟公路建设前后黑嘴松鸡适宜生境的分布变化。结果显示:基于最大熵模型的黑嘴松鸡受试者工作特征曲线AUC值为0.945,可信度较高。适生区分析显示:黑嘴松鸡集中分布在保护区核心区和缓冲区,项目建设后不适生区面积大幅度增加。研究认为,最大熵模型能很好地模拟项目建设前后研究区黑嘴松鸡适生区的分布,明确公路项目建设对黑嘴松鸡分布的影响,研究结果可为环评中对适宜生境的评价及预测提供参考。

乡村振兴视域下新建机制砂场对生态环境影响评价研究

基于生态文明视角的乡村振兴,就是要转变传统以破坏生态环境换取经济发展水平提升的发展模式.强调经济建设与生态环境保护协调发展,建设项目的环境影响评价是保护生态环境的重要举措之一.以位于川东北乡村振兴重点发展地区之一——麻柳镇的达州双获建材新建机制砂场为例,评价砂场运营对乡村大气环境、地表水环境、声环境、生态环境等的影响,提出相应的环境问题防治措施和管理建议,对于探讨促进绿色经济的发展、建设生态友好型乡村方面有十分重要的现实意义.

废弃矿山地质环境影响评价与生态修复技术研究

基于贵州福泉某废弃矿山生态修复的技术研究。评价了废弃矿山地主要特征及其对周围环境的影响。构建了ISM的关联性分析模型,分析各个因素相互影响关系,将其分为表层、中层和深层因素,确定废弃矿山修复治理效果影响程度。通过因素关联性分析,确认影响废弃矿山修复治理关键节点。通过计算权重系数确定等级隶属度,采用ANP模型对影响评价分析。有助于实现可持续发展和生态保护的目标。

土壤重金属污染的环境影响评价及管理分析

重金属污染产生于多个方面,例如矿山开采、工业化工生产等方面。虽然,这些领域为建筑、生活提供了各种便利与原料,是经济发展与科学进步的体现,但由此引发的生态环境问题已然成为社会各界广泛关注的焦点。尤其是土壤中的重金属对环境的破坏更为突出。在这一背景下,本文探讨了土壤重金属污染的来源与危害,研究土壤重金属污染的环境影响评价及管理,为保护生态环境、土壤污染的预测、治理和土地利用管理提供合理化的环境决策依据。

水质生态监测与水环境保护的关键技术研究

本文致力于探索水质生态监测与水环境保护的关键技术。随着人类活动的不断增加,水资源的污染和生态环境的破坏日益严重,因此,水质生态监测与水环境保护的关键技术研究具有重要的现实意义和价值。本文将从水质指标监测、生态环境影响评估和水质预测预报三个方面进行深入探讨,旨在为保护水环境提供科学依据和技术支持。

滑坡灾害对区域生态环境影响评估方法研究--以黎川县为例

黎川县因地势多样性以及亚热带的季风气候所具备的降水特性,导致该县滑坡灾害频发,严重影响区域生态环境,为了降低影响,研究滑坡灾害对区域生态环境影响评估方法。在开展相应研究时,首先,构建滑坡灾害对区域生态环境影响评估层次结构;然后,结合滑坡灾害在区域生态环境中隐患点分布模式,构建区域生态环境影响评估矩阵;最后,将隐患点分布特征与层次分析法结合,通过差异度和偏差优化算法,构建生态环境影响评估模型。结果表明,该方法有效评估出黎川县滑坡灾害对区域生态环境的影响,为降低滑坡对生态环境影响提供保障。