Spatial Monetary Economic Growth with Housing and Residential Distribution over the Urban Area

This study introduces space, transportation, and money into an economic growth model. Growth theory neglects the importance of transportation on economic growth and transportation economics fails to properly explain how changes in transportation conditions (such as technological improvement, infrastructure investment, and oil prices) affect long-term economic growth. By proposing a growth model with transportations, we try to explain effects of transportation on economic growth. Our model describes dynamic interactions among capital accumulation, travel time, housing, residential distribution, amenity, and endogenous time distribution among work, travel, and leisure. The study examines effects of inflation policy, transportation conditions, and other conditions on long-term economic growth and economic geography. The paper demonstrates a way to integrating some important models in the literature in economic growth theory, urban economics, and transportation research so that the significance of transportation systems upon economies can be properly analyzed.

The Economic Effect of the Housing Refurbishment in Urban Regeneration

With the increasing ratio of self-owned housing, the demand for new building as gradually reduced. In other words, the demand of refurbishment becomes more urgent. The major objective of this paper is to explore and investigate the consumer behavior of housing renovation. We plan to explore the direct effects of housing refurbishment or restoration on the housing prices, and then the indirect effects of an externality spilled over to the neighbor. We will understand the overall effects to provide a preliminary estimate of the changing in the economic value resulting from the change in the housing refurbishment or restoration of buildings. This research also dig into how the effects in the housing refurbishment or restoration in Taipei city ＆ Kaohsiung city. The purpose is to investigate the driving force on the housing restoration. This study will be the empirical study on the economic values by using hedonic price model. The result will be useful on the decision-making on the urban regeneration by the way of housing restoration and suggests that property owners of a housing estate will benefit from participating on refurbishment in Taiwan.

Analysis of Economic and Socio-Environmental Indicators for Energy, Materials and Water Management and Proposal of Technologies and Alternatives for Sustainable Construction in Housing

The work presents technologies of materials,energy and water management that can be used for sustainable buildings,reducing costs and environmental impacts.The aim was to encourage the reduction of energy consumption,adequate water management and more sustainable material choices in new or existing buildings.For this,a diagnosis of existing technologies and alternatives was carried out in the first stage of the work.The second stage consisted of analyzing among the technologies and alternatives diagnosed from the methodology which can be applied in a fictitious case study of housing,its implementation and maintenance and viability analyzing,finally,environmental indicators,social and economic.The results showed that the best evaluated technologies/alternatives were in Energy:ventilation and natural light;in Water Management:double-action sanitary basin,flow restrictors,aerators with constant flow,and minicistern systems;and in Materials:bamboo,wood,soil-cement brick,earth,steel frame and wood frame,aggregate with ash from rice husks,aggregate with ash from sugarcane bagasse,glass,phase change materials,aggregate with residues of construction and demolition,Portland cement and cement with blast furnace slag;which can be used in the civil construction sector,and provide socio-environmental and economic benefits,encouraging new studies and its use for public/private buildings,aid in the elaboration of public policies to reduce costs and improve the quality of buildings.

Effects of economic factors on median list and selling prices in the U.S.housing market

This study investigates the effects of key economic factors on the median list price and median selling price in the U.S.housing market.Key economic factors such as interest rates,unemployment rates,inflation rates,real gross domestic product,money supply,mortgage rate,Standard&Poor’s(S&P)500,and government expenditure are investigated to understand their relationships with housing prices.Conventional econometric models are typically used for housing market analysis;however,advancements in data science and machine learning allow these relationships to be examined more accurately.This study employs a decision tree regressor,k-nearest neighbors,random forest,and gradient boosting to enhance analysis accuracy and feature selection,thus enriching literature pertaining to machine learning in the housing market domain.The significance of housing market data as an indicator of economic growth is emphasized,and its effect on the overall economy,consumer spending,investment patterns,and financial stability is discussed.By utilizing a robust dataset and performing rigorous preprocessing,this study aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers,investors,and individuals involved in the housing sector.

Taking a Path of Human Rights Development Suitable to the Economic Basis and Humanistic Environment of China, Realizing“Chinese Dream”

The Sixth Beijing Forum on Human Rights is opened today, which is co-spon- sored by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the China Foundation for Human Rights Development. First, on behalf of the China Foundation for Human Rights Development, I would like to express warm congratulations to the opening of the Forum, and heartfelt thanks tothe friends who have always cared for and supported for the development and progress of human rights cause of China.

GIS-based Ecological Suitability Assessment for Land Use——A Case Study of an Economic Development Zone in Shenyang

Analysis indices of ecological suitability were selected through literature reviewing and expert consultation. Visualization of assessment course was achieved based on different land use functions with the help of ArcGIS9.0 and GIS layers with different properties were overlapped and computed with GIS grids. Hence, the areas were colored and reclassified（colors representing different ecological suitability degrees）. Finally, land use functions can be readjusted by the evaluation results,providing references for rational planning of economic development zones.

An evaluation system for suitability of urban public rental housing construction in Chongqing

A social problem that low-income people are unable to purchase houses in urban areas has been focused in recent years and the housing security system has also become an important part of the social security system. In recent years, public rental houses appeared as a new type of affordable houses. The national government took the construction of public rental houses to the national strategic level. Currently, there are many problems in the public rental house construction. For example, policy mechanisms are inadequate, the use of funding is not in an efficient way, the location of public rental houses is far away from the downtown, the plot ratio is too high, and facilities are incomplete. There are no appropriate indicators to comprehensively evaluate the public rental house construction. Based on the livable evaluation system in Chongqing, we selected four aspects of relevant indicators as the economic suitability, environmental suitability, social suitability, and life suitability to establish the public rental house construction suitability evaluation system.

China＇s Economic Growth Cycles over the Past 60 Years and the Current New Cycle

This paper first summarizes China＇s economic growth rate fluctuations over the past 60 years since 1949 and examines the new developments in China＇s economic structure behind these fluctuations since reform and opening-up in the late 1970s.In tackling the global financial crisis,China is embracing a new economic cycle and must draw upon its economic history to prolong the upward momentum in the new cycle.To do so means maintaining an appropriate growth rate in the new cycle.This paper also analyzes the importance urbanization and the housing sector will play in the new cycle and how to address rising housing prices.

Housing Prices and General Economic Conditions: An Analysis of Chinese New Dwelling Market

This paper presents an investigation of the interaction between housing prices and general eco- nomic conditions in China for the period of 1986-2002. The empirical results indicate that housing prices in China are predictable by market fundamentals, which could explain most of the variations in housing prices. The results of Granger causality tests confirm that unemployment rate, total population, changes in con- struction costs, changes in the consumer price index (CPI) are all Granger causalities of housing prices, with feedback effects observed to affect the vacancy rate of new dwellings, changes in CPI, and changes in per capita disposable income of urban households. Studies with impulse response functions further illustrate these relationships in terms of the degree of the impact on housing prices from the determinants and the feedbacks. The findings indicate that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between housing prices and market fundamentals in China and it is the identified fundamentals that drive housing prices up, rather than a bubble.

Probe into the “Mania for School District Houses”——Research into the Motivations for Purchasing School District Houses from the Perspective of Cultural Capital

In recent years,the"mania for school district houses"has disrupted the housing market and undermined education equity and class mobility,thus becoming a common concern.Most existing research focus on market motivations for purchasing school district houses while neglecting the connections between school district houses and cultural and social elements in the process of class reproduction.To make up for this deficiency this article introduces the neighborhood-based cultural capital theory to explore the diversified motivations,the processes of motivation formation,and the determining factors in purchasing school district houses.Reviews and analysis of interview materials revealed that while theories based on western experience can explain the basic purchasing motivations and their formation processes,there are distinct and varied purchasing motivations in China,more comprehensive and complex forms of capital exchange,and more dynamic factors that impact purchases of school district houses.Suggestions on solving the"mania for school district houses"are also presented.

土地、住房与城市经济增长:一个综合分析框架

宏观经济与房地产市场的稳定发展离不开土地要素的支撑。在稳地价、稳房价和稳预期的政策背景下,本文通过构建土地、住房和经济增长的空间经济学分析框架,研究了地方政府的土地供给策略对我国城市经济增长和住房市场的综合影响。研究结论认为,在当前城市建设用地供给总量受约束的前提条件下,地方政府有激励采取改变土地供给结构的竞争策略来干预土地市场,即通过压低工业用地价格、提高工业用地出让比重的方式来实现土地引资,这在客观上促进了城市经济增长。但与此同时,地方政府干预土地供给结构时,往往是以压缩居住用地的供应比例为代价,这在一定程度上从供需两端推高了本地房地产价格。综合来看,本文结论可以在理论上解释为什么当前我国经济增长较快的城市和区域,其房地产价格也相对较高。基于研究结论,本文有针对性地提出了优化我国地方政府土地供给制度的相关政策建议。

中国古代牙人牙行制度变迁研究

中国牙人牙行制度是具有中国特色的商业中介制度,其产生和发展有一个复杂的演变过程。文章从制度变迁的角度切入,通过分析中国牙人牙行制度在唐朝以前、唐宋元时期、明清时期的源流和发展变化,以大历史观的视角探索中国社会和经济结构的历史脉动,考察牙人牙行制度的发展规律,总结传统商业法律文化与商业社会运行机制,以期丰富经济史、商业史、市场贸易史的研究。

房价预期对经济波动影响——基于动态随机一般均衡模型的分析

从预期视角探究房价预期因素对经济波动的影响,构建包含房价预期的动态随机一般均衡模型,考察了单期和连续的正向房价预期冲击对经济变量的影响,分析了预期冲击下限购和限贷政策的调控效果。研究结果表明:房价单期预期冲击对经济波动产生的影响大于未预期房价冲击,并且居民预期形成越早,或居民房价看涨预期持续时间越长,经济波动会越剧烈;当居民持有看涨预期时,限贷政策在削弱经济波动的同时能遏制房价上涨,而限购政策失效。政府部门应当建立居民房价预期监测体系,将预期管理引入房价调控政策体系,有助于增强我国经济增长的平稳性和持续性。

山东省日照市蓝色经济区工程建设适宜性评价

本文以山东省日照市蓝色经济区为研究区,通过野外地质调查和室内综合分析,选取场地稳定性、工程地质条件、地下水条件,地形排水条件、地质灾害及其他因素6个一级评价因子,构造活动、场地土类型、建筑场地类别等13个二级评价因子,利用专家-层次分析定权法进行区内工程建设适宜性评价,得到了相应工程建设评价分区图。评价结果表明,日照市场地工程建设适宜性总体较好,大部分地区适宜进行高层建筑工程建设,占84.50%;地下空间开发利用条件优越,全区多数地区属于城市地下空间建设适宜区,适宜性差及不适宜区主要分布在付疃河两岸附近和海岸附近、大型高速公路和铁路沿线一带区域及城区;轨道交通建设适宜性良好,小部分不适宜区主要集中在付疃河下游夹仓和小古镇一带及其沿海地区。评价结果可有效地服务于该地区规划布局、建设发展和工程选址,具有重要的理论和实践指导意义。

住房产权对城镇居民家庭经济地位变动的异质性影响

依据2010年、2012年、2014年、2016年和2018年的中国家庭追踪调查数据,考量住房产权对居民家庭经济地位变动的异质性影响。结果显示:由于完全住房产权获得的房奴效应超过其财富效应,存在贷款偿还压力的家庭为了保证月供还款,不敢冒险追求具有更好工作前景和高工资的职位或创业机会。完全住房产权获得对居民家庭经济地位提升有负向影响,部分产权获得对居民家庭经济地位变动的影响不显著,住房产权获得对老年群体、低学历群体家庭经济地位提升负向影响显著,对青年群体、高学历群体的家庭经济地位变动的影响不显著。

基于水-经济社会-生态环境协同演变的生态流量阈值适宜性研究

针对天门河-汉北河流域生活-生产-生态“三生”用水矛盾突出、水生态退化及经济社会发展受限等问题,基于水系统理论与系统动力学方法,构建“水-经济社会-生态环境”耦合模型,从系统层面研究河道内生态流量阈值的适宜性。应用情景模拟法,考虑高效节水、再生水利用率提高等调控措施及未来天然来水的不确定性,设置9种情景模拟2022—2035年研究区高、中、低3种生态流量阈值下的水资源供需及经济社会发展态势。结果表明:高效节水和再生水利用率提高均有利于缓解因生态流量阈值增大而引起的区域水资源用户间的冲突问题;从“水-经济社会-生态环境”协调发展的角度分析,建议研究区丰水年(P=25%)生态流量阈值设置为年径流量的30%~50%,平水年(P=50%)和枯水年(P=75%)生态流量阈值设置为年径流量的10%~30%;增大生态流量阈值的同时应采取提高水资源利用效率的调控措施。研究结果从“水-经济社会-生态环境”耦合系统的协同演化机制出发分析河流生态流量阈值的适宜性,为复杂水资源系统的优化运行与科学管理提供了理论基础。

中部经济圈城市住宅价格空间分异格局及影响因素

以中部经济圈36个地级市住宅价格为研究对象,重点分析各城市住宅价格的空间分异格局及影响因素。采用空间自相关分析及空间热点分析等方法对城市住宅价格空间分异格局进行了探讨,基于供需理论(S-D)和特征价格理论(Hedonic),从土地与住宅供应、居民收入水平、人口规模、自然环境特征、经济发展水平和基础设施配套水平等6个维度建立城市住宅价格空间分异格局初选影响因素,通过相关性检验与多重共线性检验筛选出主要影响因素,并建立地理加权回归模型探讨各因素对城市住宅价格的作用差异。结果表明:中部经济圈的城市住宅价格在空间上表现为东北部高、西南部低,且呈现出空间聚集性和行政等级性;城市土地与住宅供给、城市人口规模与需求潜力和城市经济发展特征均对城市住宅价格空间分异产生重要影响。

集体土地房屋征收补偿对象和补偿标准问题研究

2019年修正的《中华人民共和国土地管理法》第四十八条规定了集体土地房屋征收补偿原则和补偿方式,但是没有明确补偿对象和补偿标准,目前只有部分省市对此进行了细化。但是这些地方立法存在立法权限不足、补偿对象认定标准混乱以及补偿标准不尽合理的问题,有待制定行政法规,统一补偿对象以及补偿标准的计算方式等。原则上安置补偿对象以法律界定的集体经济组织成员为限。安置房补偿应以一户一宅限定的合法宅基地面积认定为前提,同时确定一户内人均安置房面积的最低和最高标准,以保障被补偿人的居住条件。货币补偿标准应当坚持市场评估导向,保障房屋权利人的财产权。

基于BIM技术寒冷地区近零能耗农宅技术经济分析

随着“双碳”目标的提出,观念从节能减排、低碳环保提升到近零能耗建筑的建设,近零能耗建筑一词也正式进入我们的视野里,针对于寒冷地区高耗能、高排放的现状,发展推进近零能耗建筑已经成为必然趋势,根据实例运用BIM技术进行近零能耗农宅Revit建模,运用Mars进行渲染,对应项目进行节能技术分析,导入广联达软件进行工程算量计价,从而对普通农宅和近零能耗农宅的保温系统、门窗工程、太阳能系统和新风系统进行经济造价对比分析,为在寒冷地区建设近零能耗农宅提供数据支持和帮助。