Economic impacts of the Natural Forest Protection Program in Yunnan Province, China:an input-output analysis

The paper assesses the economic impacts of the natural forest protection program （NFPP） on the economy of Yunnan Province, China.in terms of gross output, value added,employment, and household income. An inputoutput model is developed to estimate NFPP＇s economic impacts by means of backward linkages in the forestry sector and logging and haudage sector. It is found than the NFPP has positive impacts on gross output, value added and houschold income in the initial year, but has significantly negative impacts on the regional economy in the following years as the investment decreases.

Urban Economic Cluster Template and Its Dynamics of Beijing,China

Economic clusters have been a central focus of current urban and regional research, policies and practices. However, a methodology to identify and analyze policy-relevant economic cluster dynamics is still not well developed. Based on input-output(I-O) data of 1987, 1992, 1997, 2002 and 2007 of Beijing, this article presents an adapted principle component analysis for identifying the evolution of local economic cluster patterns. This research addresses the changes of economic interaction of industries with complementary and common activities over time. The identified clusters provide an insight into the reality of economic development in a diversifying urban economy: the increasing importance of services and the growing interaction between service and manufacturing industries. Our method therefore provides the analysts with a better understanding of the emergence, disappearance and development of economic clusters citywide. The results could be used to assist monitoring urban economic development and designing more practical urban economic strategies.

The Economic Contribution of Natural Resources to a State Economy: A South Carolina Case Study

The structure of state or sub-state regional economies is heavily influenced by its natural resource endowment. Input-output analysis is often used to estimate the economic contribution of various sectors to a state’s economy. We apply input-output analysis to South Carolina’s economy to estimate the contribution of natural resource-based sectors to the overall economy. The natural resource-based sectors consist of six mutually exclusive sectors: fishing, hunting, and wildlife viewing;coastal tourism;commercial fisheries;boat industry;mining;and forestry. The total economic contribution of these six natural resource-based sectors is $33.4 billion, representing 8.3% of gross state product and 8.6% of all state employment.

INPUT-OUTPUT MODELS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION IN EVALUATING PROGRESS OF ENTERPRISE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

The method of compiling input-output models of science and technology was studied,and the application of input-output techniques in evaluating the progress of enterprise science and technology was discussed.And the models for determining direct,indirect and full contributions of the progress of enterprise science and technology have been set up which can be used to analyse and evaluate the direct,indirect and full benefits of the progress of enterprise science and technology.

Government Investment and High-Quality Economic Development——Measurement and Analysis Based on Input-Output Method

Analysis of how government investment promotes economic development and employment is important for improving government’s decision-making and promoting high-quality economic development in western China.In this paper,the authors take Xinjiang as an example to conduct such an analysis.Firstly,based on the competitive input-output table of Xinjiang,the non-competitive input-output tables of 2007,2012 and 2015 are compiled in this paper.Secondly,the contribution of Xinjiang government investment,especially the major government investment projects,to the valueadded of Xinjiang,other provinces and cities in China and abroad are calculated.Thirdly,this paper uses the non-competitive input-output table to compile the sectoral employment vector,and uses the input-occupancy-output technique to measure how government investment promotes employment.The results show that Xinjiang government investment contributes the most to the value-added of Xinjiang and other provinces and cities,but less to foreign countries;the government investment create the most job opportunities in projects including transportation projects and livelihood projects etc.

A Study on the Economic Dislocation in Dynamic input-Output Model

In this paper, we consider the discrete-time dynamic models of input-output whose input-coefficient matrices A. and capital-coefficient matrices Bn can vary with time n. Under certain conditions, we prove that there exists a subspace of nonnegative vectors Ωr such that if initial (input) product , then there is some natural number n0≥0 such that for n≥ n0, the n-th year’sproduct Xn has at least one negative component, which means that economic dislocation occurs.

京津冀城市群非中心城市经济投入产出效率的时空演变分析

城市群中心城市极化过程中,非中心城市的经济发展往往会受到抑制,为了促进两者的协调发展,总结非中心城市的发展规律,并找到合适的发展路径,论文以2000—2017年京津冀城市群中处于非中心地位的河北省11个主要城市作为样本,通过数据包络分析法(DEA),对这些城市的经济投入产出效率进行了长时序的回顾性分析,包括投入产出有效的城市数量变化和空间分布差异,投入冗余的要素类型、数量和空间分布,造成投入产出无效和冗余的原因和重要历史事件,以及非中心城市经济发展阶段划分等。

经济决策中模糊聚类灰关联度分析方法

经济决策中模糊聚类灰关联度分析方法陈非决策之核心在于选优。所谓选优就是把众多备选方案的作用、条件、效果反复比较鉴别，评价筛选，从中选出最能实现决策目标的方案。换言之。就是选出最贴近标准决策的最满意决策，以达到令人满意的效果。因此，需寻找一种既科学又实...

Economic and employment effects of China's power transition based on input‒output and scenario simulation

With high carbon emission,the low-carbon transition of power sector will be critical for China to achieve the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.The power transition will have an impact on the economy and employment through the value chain.Quantifying the impact is important for China's future energy and welfare policies.This study adopts input‒output model to analyze the impact on economy and employment based on accelerated and slow power transition scenarios.The results show that the low-carbon power transition will have a negative impact on coal power and coal mining and washing sectors,while a positive impact on machine manufacturing and equipment sector.Low-carbon power transition will have a positive economic and employment effect to promote inclusive growth.By 2060,economic output will increase by about 8.50 trillion CNY,value-added by about 3.39 trillion CNY,and employment will increase by about 3.74 million.Although slower coal power transition can stabilize the economic and employment effect in the short and medium run,accelerating the power transition will produce more positive effect and lower job losses by coal power in the long run.By 2060,accelerating transition will boost output by 8.21%,value-added by 8.20%and jobs by 7.97%.Accordingly,the government should establish an all-round just low-carbon transition mechanism.

GREY DISPLACEMENT INPUT－OUTPUT MODELS OF MINERAL PROCESSING－METALLURGY SYSTEM

ＧＲＥＹＤＩＳＰＬＡＣＥＭＥＮＴＩＮＰＵＴ－ＯＵＴＰＵＴＭＯＤＥＬＳＯＦＭＩＮＥＲＡＬＰＲＯＣＥＳＳＩＮＧ－ＭＥＴＡＬＬＵＲＧＹＳＹＳＴＥＭＨａｎ；ＸｕｌｉＬｉ；Ｓｏｎｇｒｅｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｉｎｅｒａｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，Ｃｅｎｔｒ...

Time Series of Random Macro-price and Application

This paper tries to utilize the methods of stochastic analysis and matrix analysis to research the existential problem of price series. By using the means of time series analysis, the input-output, Markov processes and the modern matrix analysis, the limiting problem of price balance and vibration in stochastic economic environment has been researched, and surprising conclusions obtained are as following： the probability that the economic collapse time is equal ∞ is 0.

A Method to Visualize the Skeleton Industrial Structure with Input-Output Analysis and Its Application in China,Japan and USA

The paper established a double filtering method (DFM) to visualize the skeleton industrial structure (SIS) of one economy and find its evolution rule. Different with the previous researches, this method is from a new view of industrial conjunctions combined by leading sectors to depict the industrial structure. It was proved that the leading sector selected by DFM must be key sector selected by Hirschman-Rasmussen method. Applied DFM to input-output tables of China, Japan and USA and MFA to Japan, and USA, the results analysis showed that DFM could overtake the two main shortcomings of minimum flow analysis (MFA), scratch SIS of each economy with its own characteristics, visualize the general evolution rules of the industrial structure with crisscrossed conjunctions among leading sectors.

Structural Decomposition Analysis of the Decline in China's CO_2 Emission Intensity 2005–2010

Here we utilize input-output tables for 2005 and 2010 to calculate the change in carbon dioxide emission intensity. Results show that total carbon dioxide emissions were 6.79 and 9.30 billion tons, and carbon dioxide emission intensity was 0.37 and 0.33 ton per thousand CNY in 2005 and 2010, respectively. Carbon dioxide emission intensity declined 11% over these five years. We used structural decomposition analysis modeling to measure the effect of four factors on this reduction in intensity. We found that the contribution values of energy structure, energy efficiency, economic growth mode and economic structure were -0.001, -0.102, 0.050, and 0.013 ton per thousand CNY, respectively. Changes in energy efficiency and energy structure are major factors promoting decreases in carbon dioxide emission intensity; the effect of the former is more distinct than the latter. Economic growth mode and economic structure are major factors that increase carbon dioxide emission intensity, whereby the effect of the former is more distinct than the latter.

交通运输建设项目地区经济效益研究方法及其模型

交通运输建设项目地区经济效益研究方法及其模型杨 （清华大学经济管理学院，北京１０００８４）ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＭａｔｈｏｄａｎｄＭｏｄｅｌｏｆＲｅｇｏｎａｌＥｃｏｎｏｍｉｃＢｅｎｅｆｉｔｆｏｒＣｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓａｎｄＴｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔａｔｉｏｎ...

Analysis of China's Production- and Consumption-Based CO_2 Emission Inventories

China, as the biggest GHG emitter and the largest developing country, has been urged by international society to take responsibilities for reducing GHG, especially in the post-Kyoto commitment period. Currently, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change （UNFCCC） assigns the responsibility to parties who produce the pollution, using the production-based GHG emissions inventories. In this article, we analyze the difference between China＇s production- and consumption- based emission inventories and conclude that consumption-based GHG emission inventories are preferred; as it is fair that whoever consumes the emission should pay for their consumption. In addition, in order to consider environmental justice, policy-makers should take both economic and administrative measures to support poor provinces for reducing C02 emissions.

Toward cost-effective residential energy reduction and community impacts: A data-based machine learning approach

Many U.S.utilities incentivize residential energy reduction through rebates,often in response to state mandates for energy reduction or from a desire to reduce demand to mitigate the need to grow generating assets.The assumption built into incentive programs is that the least efficient residences will be more likely take advantage of the rebates.This,however,is not always the case.The main goal of this study was to determine the potential for prioritized incentivization,i.e.,prioritizing incentives that deliver the greatest energy savings per invest-ment through an entire community.It uses a data mining approach that leverages known building and energy characteristics for predicting energy consumption of houses that collectively can be considered representative of all residences within an entire community.From this model,it estimates natural gas consumption and savings,and corresponding implementation costs associated with the adoption of the most impactful energy reduction measures.The resulting savings and cost estimates allow us to develop a sequential energy reduction strategy whereby the most economic measures within the whole utility district are addressed.The results show that an energy reduction of 36%can be achieved at a levelized cost of less than$14 per mmBTU($14,780 per MJ),demonstrating the strong potential of this approach.A corresponding Economic Input–Output Analysis captures the cascading community economic impacts of this strategy.The results show that for the roughly 45,000 single-family residences in the studied region,an initial energy efficiency investment of$26M could result in a total cascading multiplier economic impact of$41M and additional economic impacts of$2.2M for the lifetime of the considered energy efficiency measures.