From the concept of ecological economic benefit, I put forward the general formula for the benefit of ecological economy and the appraisal methods of the ecological economy. Theory on ecological benefit and economic ...From the concept of ecological economic benefit, I put forward the general formula for the benefit of ecological economy and the appraisal methods of the ecological economy. Theory on ecological benefit and economic benefit is the base of the benefits of ecological economy To some extent the development of ecological economy, theory and practice on eco-agriculture are both the production made from opposition and unify of ecological benefit and economic benefit. This paper discusses the ＂T＂ type saucture, which will give the theoretical bases for enhancing the ecological and economical benefits.展开更多
In order to assess the electrical energy storage technologies,the thermo-economy for both capacity-type and power-type energy storage are comprehensively investigated with consideration of political,environmental and ...In order to assess the electrical energy storage technologies,the thermo-economy for both capacity-type and power-type energy storage are comprehensively investigated with consideration of political,environmental and social influence.And for the first time,the Exergy Economy Benefit Ratio(EEBR)is proposed with thermo-economic model and applied to three different storage systems in various scenarios,including pumped storage,compressed air energy storage and flywheel energy storage.The impact of the total system efficiency,annual utilization hour,life time,and other key factors are also analyzed.The results show that the EEBRs of pumped storage and compressed air energy storage under peak load shaving condition and flywheel energy storage under frequency modulation service condition are all larger than zero,which means they are all thermo-economically feasible.With extra consideration of political,environmental and social impact,the exergy cost could reduce by about 25%and the EEBR doubles.The sensitivity analysis indicates the similarity and diversity of influence to EEBR between capacity-type and power-type energy storage systems.The former is that energy efficiency is the dominated factor for all three storage systems.The latter is that the difference of exergy benefit mode causes variety in other major factors.For energy-type storage system,like pumped storage and compressed air storage,the peak-to-valley price ratio is very sensitive in energy arbitrage.For power-type storage system,like flywheel storage,the mileage ratio is in leading position in auxiliary service benefit by mileage.In the three cases studied,the pumped storage has the best thermo-economy;the compressed air energy storage is the second,and the flywheel energy storage is the third.The main reason is that the pumped storage has the least non-exergy cost,and flywheel has the most.展开更多
文摘From the concept of ecological economic benefit, I put forward the general formula for the benefit of ecological economy and the appraisal methods of the ecological economy. Theory on ecological benefit and economic benefit is the base of the benefits of ecological economy To some extent the development of ecological economy, theory and practice on eco-agriculture are both the production made from opposition and unify of ecological benefit and economic benefit. This paper discusses the ＂T＂ type saucture, which will give the theoretical bases for enhancing the ecological and economical benefits.
基金funded by National Key R&D Plan(2017YFB0903605)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51606185)+2 种基金International Partnership Program,Bureau of International Cooperation of Chinese Academy of Sciences(182211KYSB20170029)Science and Technology Plan Program of Guizhou Province([2017]1163)Beijing Key Laboratory of Distributed Combined Cooling Heating and Power System.
文摘In order to assess the electrical energy storage technologies,the thermo-economy for both capacity-type and power-type energy storage are comprehensively investigated with consideration of political,environmental and social influence.And for the first time,the Exergy Economy Benefit Ratio(EEBR)is proposed with thermo-economic model and applied to three different storage systems in various scenarios,including pumped storage,compressed air energy storage and flywheel energy storage.The impact of the total system efficiency,annual utilization hour,life time,and other key factors are also analyzed.The results show that the EEBRs of pumped storage and compressed air energy storage under peak load shaving condition and flywheel energy storage under frequency modulation service condition are all larger than zero,which means they are all thermo-economically feasible.With extra consideration of political,environmental and social impact,the exergy cost could reduce by about 25%and the EEBR doubles.The sensitivity analysis indicates the similarity and diversity of influence to EEBR between capacity-type and power-type energy storage systems.The former is that energy efficiency is the dominated factor for all three storage systems.The latter is that the difference of exergy benefit mode causes variety in other major factors.For energy-type storage system,like pumped storage and compressed air storage,the peak-to-valley price ratio is very sensitive in energy arbitrage.For power-type storage system,like flywheel storage,the mileage ratio is in leading position in auxiliary service benefit by mileage.In the three cases studied,the pumped storage has the best thermo-economy;the compressed air energy storage is the second,and the flywheel energy storage is the third.The main reason is that the pumped storage has the least non-exergy cost,and flywheel has the most.
