Effect of educational intervention on attitudes toward the concept of criminal responsibility

AIM To evaluate the effect of educational intervention on individuals' knowledge of and attitudes toward forensic mental health.METHODS We conducted a questionnaire regarding attitudes toward various ideas about forensic mental health. The respondents attended a 1-h seminar regarding forensic mental health after answering the questionnaire. On completion of the seminar, the respondents answered another questionnaire containing many of the same questions as contained in the pre-seminar questionnaire.RESULTS A total of 86 individuals attended the seminar, and 78 responded to the questionnaire. Only 13(18.8%) participants were supportive of the concept of criminal responsibility initially, and there was a statistically significant increase in those who became more supportive after the seminar, with 22(33%) being supportive after the seminar(Wilcoxon signed-rank test, P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that participants who were skeptical about forensic mental systems and those with fewer opportunities to see media reports regarding psychiatry were likely to become supportive of criminal responsibility after the intervention.CONCLUSION These results suggest that public attitudes toward criminal responsibility and mental health can be influenced via educational interventions.

No change of attitude toward forensic psychiatry: 5 years after the Medical Treatment and Supervision Act in Japan

Objective: The forensic mental health system in Japan changed dramatically with the enforcement of the “Act on Medical Care and Treatment for the Persons Who Had Caused Serious Cases under the Condition of Insanity” or MTS Act, in 2005. The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in attitude and behavior of general psychiatrists, towards forensic psychiatry. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey in 2010 on forensic psychiatry for Japanese psychiatrists, mirroring a previous study from 2007. Results: Comparing the results from both questionnaires, it is not evident that awareness of forensic mental health has improved among psychiatrists in the intervening three years. Conclusion: Further education about forensic mental health needs to be considered inJapan.

On the Right to Learn as a Fundamental Human Right

With the advent of the learning age,the connotation of the“right to education”can no longer meet the requirements of personal and social development,so it is necessary to introduce the concept of the right to learn with a richer connotation.As a basic human right,the proposal and guarantee of the right to learn directly respond to the practical problems in the information age and the learning age.The right to learn is fundamental freedom enjoyed by everyone to acquire useful knowledge,skill,value,spirit,and attitude through reading,watching,listening,thinking,researching,practicing,being educated,and other learning methods to develop and perfect a personality.The philosophical basis,connotation,attribute,extraterritorial legislative guarantee of the right to learn and the development of the times de termine it should be regarded as a basic human right.Treating the right to learn as a basic human right and systematically guaranteeing it through the amendment of China’s Education Law and other supporting legislation will contribute to the realization of this right,the improvement of national knowledge,and the progress of China’s social civilization.

《监察法》基本原则适用的方法论进路

监察法基本原则在监察法体系中占据重要地位,在纪检监察工作中发挥了重要的作用,但是在司法实践中适用监察法时,其作用发挥并没有达到预期,存在对监察法规则的浅层理解和同其他法律体系间的机械衔接问题。事实上,监察法基本原则对于监察法具体规则的理解和解释,对于公法部门间的体系性思维,对于监察法规则的价值补充等均具有重要的方法论意义。有必要重视监察法基本原则的适用,重视监察法基本原则和监察法律目的之间的关联关系,以规范公权力行使的实质价值为据,通过内在体系解释和价值补充方法,阐发监察法基本原则的意义。

课程思政视域下计算机公共基础课教学改革路径探索——以Python语言程序设计为例

课程思政是高校实施立德树人教育根本任务的重要途径。结合计算机公共基础课程的培养目标和育人要求,以Python语言程序设计课程为例,分析计算机公共基础课程思政教学改革必要性,提出"课前准备、课堂教学、课后加深"的全方位课程思政实施路径,并围绕课程教学内容科学设计思政教学案例,最后通过教学效果验证教学改革合理性。实践表明,科学合理地设计思政教学案例,能有效提升课程教学质量,引导学生树立正确的人生观、价值观和世界观,形成专业教学和思政教育有机融合。

优化县域义务教育资源配置的实践审视与路径

我国义务教育实行“以县为主”的管理体制。随着学龄人口的变化、新型城镇化的发展、地方财政紧缩以及义务教育优质均衡发展的要求,县域义务教育学校出现“城挤、乡弱、村空”的现象,义务教育资源配置面临新的挑战。各地在优化县域义务教育资源配置时,注重党政协同推进,强化办学标准引领,完善配套服务与加大投入力度,教育资源整合有力促进了义务教育优质均衡发展。同时,建立同人口变化相协调的基本公共教育服务供给机制,需要理性看待和因地制宜推进新一轮乡村学校布局调整,加强顶层设计,完善县域义务教育学校办学标准;加大教育投入,改进县域义务教育经费保障机制;统筹师资配置,促进县域义务教育强校提质扩优;盘活闲置资源,出台闲置校舍处置指导意见。

The analysis of a drug transmission model with family education and public health education

In this paper,we formulate a six dimensional drug transmission model to study the effect of family education and public health education.The dynamical behaviors of the model are discussed in terms of the basic reproduction number R0.By constructing Lyapunov functions,we obtain the drug-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if R0≤1 and the drug addiction equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable if R0>1.Sensitivity analyses are performed to seek for effective control measures for drug spread.The analysis show that both the family and public health education can influence the spread of drug transmission.However,the combination of family and public health education is more effective to reduce the prevalence of drugs.Some numerical simulations are given to confirm the obtained theoretical results.

Research on Environmental Public Interest Litigation in Taiwan

As germination and rise of public environmental awareness in Taiwan, large-scale air pollution, water pollution, noise, land subsidence and other public hazards harming human health and living environment caused by various production or consumption activities are generated. Facing the situation of environment increasingly aggravates, environmental public interest litigation system is constructed. First, Article 9 of Administrative Procedure Law stipulates public interest litigation;then ,Article 34 of Environmental Basic Law cleady stipulates important elements of public interest litigation. In the research, taking the first environmental public interest litigation in Taiwan as the example, collusion process between government and developer, and private environmental protection groups finally obtaining victory through the continuous effort and litigation are illustrated, thereby uncovering so-called ＂legal＂ saying by government and developer. Environmental maintenance and improvement is the duty of every citizen should do, but not only the duty of govemment, which is mentality of environmental public interest litigation development should have and road must take.

An inspection on the Gini coefficient of the budget educational public expenditure per student for China's basic education

Using statistical data on the implementing conditions of China's educational expenditure published by the state,this paper studies the Gini coefficient of the budget educational public expenditure per student in order to examine the concentration degree of the educational expenditure for China's basic education and analyze its balanced development condition.As the research shows,China's basic education is undergoing an unbalanced development due to diversified factors,which is mainly reflected as follows:firstly,the budget educational public expenditure presents a four-tiered appearance of the strong,the less strong,the less weak and the weak,which lead to a great discrepancy between the two opposing extremes;secondly,the compulsory education in rural areas is still confronted with great difficulties;thirdly,the general senior secondary education is loaded with the crisis of unbalance.Therefore,it is necessary to construct a balanced development policy framework of the basic education and pay close attention to the benefit and effectiveness of the educational input.In addition,it is also important to clearly stipulate the criterion of the government's educational allocation and to support the disadvantaged areas in order to promote the balanced development of the basic education.

贯彻最有利于学前儿童的原则:立法与实践的双重审视

学前教育高质量发展是实现“幼有优育”的必由之路,而立法则是促进学前教育高质量发展的有力保障。《中华人民共和国学前教育法(草案)》以最有利于学前儿童的原则为根本立场,旨在解决学前教育实践中面临的诸多问题。《草案》强调以公益普惠为基本方向,保障学前儿童的受教育权和参与权;推进科学保教,遵循学前儿童的身心发展规律;规定家园社三方协同育人责任,优化学前儿童的成长环境。尽管《草案》在许多方面具有前瞻性和指导意义,充分体现了对学前儿童权益的高度重视,但在具体实施上,仍需进一步完善相关条款,健全相应的制度保障。

我国非基本公共服务发展的基础与路径

非基本公共服务属于公共服务的一种类型,对满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要有重要意义。但从公共物品角度看,它不完整具备排他性和非竞争性,而是处于公共物品与私人物品之间的“中间地带”。我国公共服务领域正处于两类公共服务需求交融叠加的时期,基本公共服务均等化仍在进行中,非基本公共服务需求日益增加。聚焦于发展非基本公共服务的原因、基础和路径等问题,从收入、公共服务供给水平、我国社会基本矛盾的角度分析非基本公共服务的发展前提,可以通过“分步走”战略方式分阶段、分重点推动实现中国式公共服务现代化,为提高世界人类发展指数提供“中国智慧”和“中国方案”。

高职院校公共基础课程教学中美育实施的现状与对策

美育是促进学生全面发展的重要教学内容,高职院校公共基础课程要面对的是不同专业的学生,教育内容具有通识性,开展美育教学具有先天优势和独特性。通过研究高职院校公共基础课程教学中美育实施面临的挑战和开展美育的优势,提出公共基础课程中实施美育的建议,促进美育在高职院校的发展,助力人才培养质量的全面提升。

论新时代公安法治人才培养——基于习近平法治思想中的法学教育理论

习近平法治思想中的法学教育理论和习近平总书记关于新时代公安工作的一系列重要论述,为新时代公安法治人才培养提供了科学指引和根本遵循。其中的公安法治人才培养方向论、公安法治人才培养目标论、公安法治人才培养责任论、公安法治人才培养法学教育体系论、公安法治人才培养改革重点论,搭建起公安法治人才培养的系统理论。公安院校是公安法治人才培养的第一阵地,应当以“五论”为根本引领,着力培育德法兼修、明法笃行的高素质公安法治人才。

高职公共基础课程的通识教育功能及教学改革

在职业教育高质量发展的背景下,开展通识教育改革是高职院校提高育人成效的重要途径。厘清公共基础课程与通识教育的耦合关系,明晰公共基础课程的功能定位,是高职院校开展通识教育改革的理论基础。公共基础课程是实施通识教育的载体,通识教育理念是公共基础课程改革的抓手。基于公共基础课程,通过构建通识课程体系、发挥课程育人功能、加强师资队伍建设、开展以生为本的教学改革等途径,高职院校可推动通识教育改革的落地实施。

基于人口自由迁移流动的基本公共服务均等化研究

基本公共服务均等化是实现全民共同富裕的前提,也是中国式现代化的基础目标之一。人口的自由迁徙不仅是中国式现代化中人全面发展的显著标志,也是实现中国式现代化基本公共服务均等化以及共同富裕的重要途径。基本公共服务与人口迁移流动的空间差异都具有阶层性特征。基本公共服务的空间差异主要表现为不同等级地域基本公共服务的区域性和阶层性差异。人口迁移流动对推动不同等级地域基本公共服务均等化具有直接和间接的双重作用。推动不同等级地域基本公共服务均等化,不仅要加快城市化进程,更要提高农村基本公共服务水平。要推进城乡融合发展,优化市场体制机制,畅通人口迁移流动渠道,促进人口自由迁移流动,使人口迁移流动在推动基本公共服务均等化过程中发挥更大作用。

新时代大学生思想政治工作人才生成与发展的现实境遇、内在理路和开发策略

国家政策指向、队伍专业化建设驱动和人才培养科学化发展需要是新时代大学生思想政治工作人才生成与发展的自身逻辑。人才供给与人才需求相耦合是人才生成的根本要求,优势积累与创造实践相统一是人才生成的必要环节,连续过程转化是人才发展的必然过程。实现人才开发合目的性与合规律性的有机统一,需要面向需求,系统设计构建阶梯式大学生思想政治工作人才开发项目;坚持高端引领,以重大课题攻关项目开发战略领军人才;坚持以用为本,构筑高层次人才施展才能的专业平台;坚持改革创新,优化大学生思想政治工作高层次后备人才培养模式。

《中华人民共和国公共图书馆法》实施五周年暨《贵州省公共图书馆条例》一席谈

文章主要根据2023年贵州省图书馆学会学术年会关于“《中华人民共和国公共图书馆法》实施五周年暨《贵州省公共图书馆条例》面面观”专题研讨会上八位嘉宾发言材料记录整理而成。

法典编纂视角下教育法基本原则的体系化整合

教育法典总分式的编纂体例要求充分发挥总则中基本原则“公因式”的作用,而当前的教育法基本原则的提炼与解释面临来源单一性与性质复杂性、领域法思维与内容独立性要求、社会回应性与要件协同性的三重逐层递进的整合矛盾。应当在明确教育法部门行政法的性质定位和法律原则基本属性的理论前提下,以公民受教育权的保障以及社会主义教育事业发展为并行价值主线,以教育性、规范性、协同性为标准整合教育法基本原则,并以宪法在教育领域的两条价值主线确定教育法基本原则内容,以规范结构对应、法典性质对应、制度保障对应的融贯性思维推进其体系化整合。

世界教育强国的发展经验:经济社会学视角下的四维分析

世界之大变局总是与教育之大变局相伴而生。回首历史、立足现在、展望未来,“东升西降”的教育发展格局初见端倪且势不可挡。世界教育强国的发展有着诸多共性规律:从观念觉醒到教育形态变革,从引进模仿到自身制度创新,从时代变革到核心问题突破,从自然成长到国家战略驱动,从教育崛起到人才科技赶超,从科教融合到经济社会发展。以文化、人才、科技和经济四个维度为线索,揭示了世界教育强国在发展过程中注重多元文化与价值体系的共意治理,内源培养与外源引进的协同耦合,基础研究与学科交叉的循环推进,教育经费与财政结构的动态驱动等方面的经验与启示。

“互联网+教育”纳入基本公共教育服务的理论探讨

教育强国背景下,需将“互联网+教育”明确纳入基本公共教育服务。首先明确了“互联网+教育”内涵与属性;随后分析了“互联网+教育”纳入基本公共教育服务的必要性和可行性,并进一步从内容要素、组织与运行、政策实施几方面构建了基本公共“互联网+教育”服务体系。研究对教育强国背景下基本公共教育服务提质扩容,办好人民满意的教育具有一定借鉴意义。