A Lyophilized Water Extract of Melissa officinalis L. as an Effective Natural Antioxidant during the Storage of Dry Fermented Sausages High in a-Linolenic Acid and DHA

A pre-emulsified mixture of linseed and algae oils （15/10） and stabilized with 686 ppm of a lyophilized water extract of Melissa officinalis, was successfully applied in dry fermented sausages to increase the ω-3 PUFA content. The objective of this work was to evaluate the stability of this modified formulation during the storage and to compare it to that of a traditional formulation. Traditional and modified products were stored during 90 days at 4 °C in aerobic conditions. Fatty acid profiles, TBARS and volatile compounds derived from oxidation were analyzed at 0, 30 and 90 days of storage. The fatty acid profiles did not significantly change along the storage period. The stabilizing effect of the natural antioxidants ofM. officinalis could contribute to detect no losses of to-3 PUFA in Modified （30 days： 2.13 g/100 g of product, 90 days： 2.33 g/100 g of product）, whereas in Control products a slightly significant reduction was detected （30 days： 0.34 g/100 g of product, 90 days： 0.29 g/! 00 g of product）. After 90 days, the increases of TBARS and hexanal content were much higher in Control than in Modified （Control： 1.41 mg MDA/kg ＆ 17,915 ng dodecane/kg of dry matter; Modified： 0.48 mg MDA/kg ＆ 2,496 ng dodecane/kg of dry matter）. In conclusion, the lyophilized water extract of M. officinalis protected high ωo-3 PUFA of dry fermented sausages from oxidation along the storage time, guaranteeing the nutritional improvements achieved with the modified formulation.

The Potential Application of Plant Essential Oils/Extracts as Natural Preservatives in Oils during Processing： A Review

The present work summarizes recent investigations carried out about the usage of natural antioxidants in lipid-rich food during processing. Synthetic antioxidants have been used as food additives to retard lipid oxidation and development of off-flavor for over 50 years. However, the literature has expressed safety concerns and health risks （toxic and carcinogenic effects） associated with the use of synthetic antioxidants recently. Natural antioxidative substances from the polyphenols of edible plants are believed to be safer and may provide with additional health benefits and more effective compared to synthetic antioxidants. Due to the fact that natural antioxidants are additives that people mixed with food and consumed for centuries, they are known to be safe by the consumer. Therefore, it is an area worth to investigate due to consumer concerns about health. In the literature, there are many studies showing that the natural antioxidants have important antioxidant effect. Plants （oil seeds, cereals, vegetables, fruits, herb and spices）, compounds from animal source （peptides and amino acids）, enzymes and some microorganisms are important natural antioxidants. Plant extracts have been widely used to retard lipid oxidation in foods during frying and accelerated storage processes. They were found as strong antioxidant sources due to their high contents of phenolic compounds. There are countless studies about natural antioxidants. However, they have not been investigated completely by means of toxicology.

Antioxidant potential of methanolic extracts and powders of some Cameroonian spices during accelerated storage of soybean oil

The efficacy of methanolic extracts and powders of 12 spices (Pimpinella anisum, Scorodophleuszenkeii, Xy- lopiaparviflora, Eugenia caryophyllus, Fagara leprieurii, Fagara macrophylla, Monodora myristica, Olax subscorpioidea, Xylopiaaethiopica, Allium sativum, Zinziber officinale and Cinnamomum zeylanicum) in stabilizing crude soyabean oil during accelerated storage was assessed. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenols in all the spices except that of Allium sativum. Total phenolic content (TPC) and DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts varied significantly (p < 0.01) ranging from 1.34 to17.72 gGAE/100 gand 18.91% to 96.39% respectively. Extract of Zinziber officinale, Olax subscorpioidea, Fagaramacrophylla, Eugenia caryophyllus and Xylopia parviflora, which offered the highest TPC, exhibited superior antioxidant activity with regard to the DPPH. Furthermore, the antioxidant effectiveness of the extracts and powders was assessed using crude soyabean oil (CSO) as the oxidation substrate. CSO samples stabilized with extracts at a concentration of 500 ppm (w/w) and powders at a concentration of 1000 ppm were subjected to accelerated storage (65?C, oven heating, 24 days, 8 h heating cycle per day), and analyzed periodically for the extent of oxidative alterations following the measurement of iodine and peroxide value. CSO + BHT at 200 ppm served as standards besides the control. Results?reveal Zinziberofficinale, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Scorodophleuszenkerii, Monodora myristica, Xylopiaaethiopica, Allium sativum, Fagara leprieurii extracts and powders and the powder of Pimpinella anisum to be potent antioxidants for stabilization of crude soyabean oil.

天然复合抗氧化剂对精炼栀子果油抗氧化性影响

为探究天然复合抗氧化剂在煎炸条件下对精炼栀子果油的保护作用,以精炼栀子果油为原料,比较天然抗氧化剂(葡萄籽提取物、茶多酚、茶多酚棕榈酸酯、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、迷迭香提取物)和合成抗氧化剂(dl-α-生育酚、BHT、TBHQ)在精炼栀子果油中溶解前后的自由基清除能力及对油脂保护系数(Pf)值的影响;通过D-optimal设计分析确定天然复合抗氧化剂复合配方;在160℃条件下,考察添加了TBHQ和天然复合抗氧化剂后精炼栀子果油的过氧化值、羰基价、茴香胺值和主要脂肪酸变化规律。结果表明,茶多酚棕榈酸酯、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、迷迭香提取物溶于精炼栀子果油后能更好的发挥其自由基清除能力,提高油脂Pf值,茶多酚在提高油脂Pf值方面也具有显著效果;天然复合抗氧化剂复合配方为茶多酚0.02 g/kg+茶多酚棕榈酸酯0.33 g/kg+抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯0.01 g/kg+迷迭香提取物0.03 g/kg;添加天然复合抗氧化剂后对精炼栀子果油的过氧化值、羰基价的抑制效果均好于TBHQ,对茴香胺值抑制效果与TBHQ相当,对多不饱和脂肪酸具有良好的保护效果。天然抗氧化剂在精炼栀子果油中的抗氧化效果良好,添加天然复合抗氧化剂后精炼栀子果油具有很好的氧化稳定性。

天然抗氧化剂对玉米油热致异构体的影响

玉米油在加工贮藏过程易发生异构化生成反式和共轭脂肪酸异构体,开展玉米油反式和共轭脂肪酸的调控研究对保障消费者安全与营养健康至关重要。人工抗氧化剂由于毒性累积已被许多国家禁用或严格限制,天然抗氧化剂已开始引起人们的高度关注。该研究采用气相色谱检测方法研究了天然抗氧化剂对玉米油热致异构体形成的影响。结果表明,玉米油反式和共轭脂肪酸含量随着加热温度和加热时间的增加而增加。天然抗氧化剂具有抑制玉米油反式脂肪酸(0.28%~6.59%)和诱导玉米油共轭脂肪酸(0.53%~16.42%)形成的作用,抑制率为鼠尾草酸>特丁基对苯二酚>L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯>茶多酚>维生素E,诱导率为维生素E>茶多酚>特丁基对苯二酚>L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯>鼠尾草酸。复配抗氧化剂的抗异构和诱导异构作用低于单独使用抗氧化剂,综合分析鼠尾草酸和L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯可作为有效的天然抗异构和诱导异构剂。

油橄榄叶醇提取物对煎炸油品质的影响

为促进橄榄油产业加工副产物的综合利用,探究了油橄榄叶醇提取物(EEOL)对煎炸薯条过程中大豆油品质的影响。以DPPH和ABTS+自由基清除率为指标,评价EEOL体外抗氧化能力,随后将EEOL加入大豆油中,于180℃进行30 h间歇煎炸,以特丁基对苯二酚和茶多酚为对照,对煎炸油的基本理化指标、色泽、脂肪酸组成进行分析。结果表明:EEOL中总酚含量为(84.47±0.02)mg/g,总黄酮含量为(35.03±0.03)mg/g;DPPH和ABTS+自由基清除率IC 50分别为15.01μg/mL和43.13μg/mL;煎炸结束后,添加质量分数为0.04%EEOL的煎炸油的酸价增加量与空白组相比降低48.24%,p-茴香胺值降低7.46%,共轭二烯含量降低29.41%,共轭三烯含量降低15.03%,总极性化合物含量降低38.63%,过氧化值波动范围(0.51~1.03 mmol/kg)低于空白组(0.24~1.03 mmol/kg),同时延缓煎炸油红值和黄值的升高及不饱和脂肪酸的氧化损失。综上,EEOL可作为一种具有开发价值的天然抗氧化剂应用到油脂行业中。

新型天然植物精油纳米制剂在食品保藏中的 研究及应用进展

天然植物精油具有芳香气味、低毒和良好的抑菌及抗氧化性能,但植物精油高挥发性、不稳定性等物理特性导致其与包装材料结合时损失率较高。采用纳米材料包载植物精油可增强其稳定性,通过缓释作用显著提高精油抑菌及保鲜功效。概述了植物精油的主要化学成分和生物学活性及其抑菌和抗氧化作用,综述了近年国内外针对精油纳米制剂的研究及其在食品包装、食品保藏中的应用,进一步比对不同植物精油及其纳米制剂对果蔬类、肉类及水产类食品的保藏效果,并对未来精油结合新型包装材料在食品保藏中的应用作出构想,为延长食品货架期提供理论支持。

天然抗氧化剂对辣椒鸡油抗氧化性能的影响

为了筛选出适合辣椒鸡油的天然抗氧化剂,以延长其保质期,研究并比较了6种天然抗氧化剂(迷迭香提取物、维生素E、茶多酚、维生素C、槲皮素和硫辛酸)对辣椒鸡油酸值、过氧化值、DPPH自由基清除能力和总还原能力的影响。结果表明:6种天然抗氧化剂在辣椒鸡油中均具有一定的抗氧化能力;在抑制酸值方面,槲皮素效果最佳,维生素C最差;在抑制过氧化值方面,槲皮素效果最佳,维生素E最差;在DPPH自由基清除能力方面,迷迭香提取物效果最佳,硫辛酸最差;在总还原能力方面,槲皮素效果最佳,维生素E最差;槲皮素、迷迭香提取物和茶多酚在酸值、过氧化值、DPPH自由基清除能力和总还原能力方面均位于前三。综合考虑抗氧化效果、抗氧化剂稳定性、成本等因素,可优先选择迷迭香提取物和茶多酚作为辣椒鸡油的抗氧化剂以提高其储藏性能。

Chia (<i>Salvia hispanica</i>L.) Seed Oil Rich in Omega-3 Fatty Acid: A Healthy Alternative for Milk Fat in Ice Milk

Chia seed oil (Salvia hispanica L.) contains polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids and natural antioxidants that have many health effects. Consequently, the chief purpose of the present study was the outcome of various attentiveness of chia seed oil on quality and sensory evaluation of ice milk. In treatments T1, T2, T3, and T4, the milk fat was moderately swapped with chia seed oil at 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, respectively, and compared with the control treatment (100% milk fat). All treatments were stored at -18°C for 30 days. Samples were analyzed fortnightly and monthly to determine the shelf life during the storage period by acidity and peroxide value. Physicochemical properties of fatty acids, total polyphenols, and total flavonoids of chia seed oil and ice milk samples were determined. Also, the overrun and sensory evaluation of ice milk samples were studied. Results indicated an increase in the absorption of omega-3 fatty acids (linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic “in the samples of” ice milk supplemented with chia seed oil compared with control. Furthermore, there has been an increase in natural antioxidants (total phenolic and total flavonoid contents) levels in the supplemented ice milk samples as compared to control. Furthermore, an increase in the shelf life of the supplemented ice milk samples was also noticed. Generally, fortification of ice milk with chia seed oil increased the concentration of omega-3 fatty acids and also improved the antioxidant properties of ice milk.

复合抗氧化剂及其对饲用油脂抗氧化协同功效的研究进展

为满足畜禽快速生长的高能量需求,配合饲料中常添加油脂提供能量,然而油脂中存在大量不饱和脂肪酸,极易发生氧化并产生有毒有害物质,破坏饲料养分,损害机体正常代谢。配合饲料中使用抗氧化剂可延缓饲料加工贮运中的氧化进程,但使用单一抗氧化剂对饲料的保护作用有限,且因高剂量添加与长期饲用人工合成抗氧化剂有潜在的细胞毒性风险。复合抗氧化剂具有协同高效抗氧化优势,已成为新的应用研究热点。文章综述饲用油脂中添加使用的抗氧化剂、复合抗氧化剂应用功效与应用研究进展,为进一步研制与应用复合抗氧化剂提供参考。

高温加热下芝麻素酚对花生油的抗氧化作用

旨在为芝麻素酚在食品加工中的应用提供参考,以过氧化值和茴香胺值为指标,通过正交实验研究了不同高温加热条件下芝麻素酚对花生油的抗氧化作用,并对比了芝麻素酚与α-生育酚、二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯的抗氧化效果及协同增效作用。结果表明:高温加热下花生油会发生显著氧化;在芝麻素酚添加量0.06%、加热温度150℃、加热时间15 h条件下,芝麻素酚对花生油过氧化值和茴香胺值的抑制率最高,且优于抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、α-生育酚及BHT的抗氧化能力;芝麻素酚与α-生育酚及BHT均具有一定的协同增效作用。综上,芝麻素酚可以作为天然抗氧化剂应用于延缓高温加热油脂的氧化。

两种天然抗氧化剂对稻米油煎炸性能的影响

为选择适合稻米油煎炸的天然抗氧化剂,对茶多酚和迷迭香提取物两种天然抗氧化剂的添加量进行了选择,并测定了稻米油在30 h煎炸过程中理化指标、营养物质以及危害物质的变化。结果表明:茶多酚和迷迭香提取物的最佳添加量均为200 mg/kg,其氧化诱导时间均高于未添加天然抗氧化剂组(1.50 h);煎炸过程中,添加迷迭香提取物的稻米油酸值(KOH)增幅最小(30 h, 0.64 mg/g),极性组分含量达到煎炸油废弃标准(27%)的时间最长(23 h);添加茶多酚的稻米油过氧化值最高值较小(6.12 mmol/kg);煎炸后,添加迷迭香提取物的稻米油α-生育酚(18 h, 17.66%)和谷维素(24 h, 93.24%)的保留率最高;茶多酚可有效减少反式脂肪酸的生成,但迷迭香提取物抑制BaP生成的效果较好;添加天然抗氧化剂可显著提升稻米油脂肪酸的稳定性;两种天然抗氧化剂对稻米油煎炸过程中3-MCPD酯含量的变化影响不显著。综合考虑煎炸效果和成本,迷迭香提取物对提升稻米油煎炸性能更具优势。

3种天然抗氧化剂对鳄鱼油的抗氧化性研究

为探究不同质量浓度(0.02%、0.04%、0.06%、0.08%)的迷迭香提取物(LRO)、茶多酚(LTP)和维生素E(VE)三种天然抗氧化剂及其复合物对鳄鱼油氧化稳定性的影响。以精制鳄鱼油为研究对象,以过氧化值(POV)、酸价(AV)为评价指标,采用Schaal烘箱加速氧化实验法对鳄鱼油进行氧化稳定性评价,并采用正交实验优化复配抗氧化剂的配方。结果表明,3种抗氧化剂能有效减缓鳄鱼油氧化速率,其最佳质量浓度分别为:0.02%LRO、0.02%LTP、0.04%VE。其中,0.04%VE抗氧化效果最为理想,0.02%LRO最差。贮藏6 d、VE添加量为0.04%时,鳄鱼油的过氧化值和酸价比空白对照组分别降低了81.14%和77.51%;正交实验得到最优复配抗氧化剂配方为:0.02%LRO、0.01%LTP、0.04%VE。在此配方下40℃氧化20 min的鳄鱼油平均过氧化值为1.738±1.049 mmol/kg。本试验结果可对鳄鱼油脂的综合利用及其贮藏条件和加工过程提供理论参考。

牡丹油改性的乳胶膜制备、表征及其功能分析

以天然乳胶和牡丹油为材料,开发一种牡丹油乳胶抗氧化膜。探究牡丹油添加量对天然乳胶膜理化性质的影响,分析牡丹油乳胶膜的抗氧化活性。结果表明,添加牡丹油能够增加乳胶膜的拉伸韧性、吸水性、保水性和水蒸气透过率,乳胶膜中牡丹油的适宜添加量为15%。牡丹油与乳胶膜为非共价交联,但添加牡丹油能够疏松乳胶膜的致密性结构,在膜的内部产生孔隙。牡丹油乳胶膜具有一定的DPPH和ABTS+自由基清除能力。因此,牡丹油乳胶膜作为开发具有抗氧化功能的敷料具有潜在的应用价值。

天然抗氧化剂对葵花籽油抗氧化作用的研究

研究天然维生素E、抗坏血酸、大豆磷脂、β-胡萝卜素、茶多酚、没食子酸、迷迭香提取物七种天然抗氧化剂对葵花籽油的抗氧化活性。研究结果表明:七种天然抗氧化剂对葵花籽油均具有一定的抗氧化活性,其中茶多酚、没食子酸和迷迭香提取物具有较好的抗氧化效果;对没食子酸和迷迭香提取物进行复配得出最佳质量比为4∶1;复合抗氧化剂最佳添加量为0.02%。

紫苏提取物对紫苏油抗氧化作用的研究

采用不同溶剂从紫苏叶及紫苏籽皮中提取抗氧化成分,比较它们在紫苏油中的抗氧化活性。实验结果表明,紫苏籽皮乙醇提取物显示出较高的抗氧化活性,其合适的添加量为0.09%,如果与柠檬酸或甘氨酸配制成复合抗氧化剂,能显著提高抗氧化活性。

油脂的氧化机理及天然抗氧化物的简介

本文简要介绍了油脂主要的三种抗氧化方式自动氧化,光氧化和酶氧化的氧化机理,以及影响油脂氧化的主要因素。并对高效无毒的天然抗氧化剂进行简要的分类介绍。

天然抗氧化剂对玉米油稳定性的影响

分别将生育酚、β-胡萝卜素和迷迭香提取物天然抗氧化剂添加到纯化后的玉米油中,采用Schaal烘箱加速氧化法,对比纯化玉米油,研究天然抗氧化剂对玉米油稳定性的影响,建立氧化反应动力学方程。结果表明,3种抗氧化剂抗氧化能力为迷迭香提取物>β-胡萝卜素>生育酚。当每100 g玉米油添加天然抗氧化剂0.02 g时,玉米油添加生育酚、β-胡萝卜素和迷迭香提取物后的动力学模型分别为k=e^(40.62)e^(-13 528.21/T)、k=e^(44.45)e^(-13841.05/T)和k=e^(42.26)e^(-14120.09/T),而纯化玉米油的动力学模型为k=e^(40.21)e^(-13330.36/T),并推测出纯化玉米油与添加过3种天然抗氧化剂后,一级玉米油的货架期分别为15、19、24、27个月。所以以迷迭香提取物为抗氧化剂添加到玉米油中,可明显提高玉米油的货架期。

食用油天然抗氧化剂的研究与开发

油脂氧化是影响油脂质量的主要因素,油脂抗氧化剂在油脂贮藏和食品加工过程中起着重要的作用,尤其天然抗氧化剂既能解决油脂氧化,又能解决食品安全问题,而且还可以开发保健型食用油脂。本文阐述了油源及非油源、国标及非国标天然抗氧化剂的种类及其抗氧化效率,对尚在研发中的葡萄多酚、花生壳多酚、槐角黄酮、麦冬黄酮等非油源性天然抗氧化剂进行详述,其多兼具多重保健功能,是食用油天然抗氧化剂和复合抗氧化剂的开发方向,以期为天然抗氧化剂的开发和利用提供参考。

食用天然抗氧化剂研究进展

综述了各种来源的天然抗氧化剂，它们的抗氧化成分和抗氧化效果。