Research on Anti-bacterial Effects of 5 Kinds of Chinese Herb Extracts on Ameromonas hydrophila in vitro

[Objective] The aim was to study the anti-bacterial effects of 5 kinds of Chinese herb extracts on Ameromonas hydrophila in vitro. [Method] in vitro anti-bacterial effects of 5 kinds of Chinese herb extracts like Galla Chinensis,Syzygium aromaticum,Salvia miltiorrhiza,Punica granatum L. and Terminalia chebula Retz on Ameromonas hydrophila were studied; furthermore,cure rates of the Chinese herb extracts with better anti-bacterial effects were determined to find out the optimal drug dosage. [Result] Under the same experimental conditions,Galla Chinensis,Punica granatum and Terminalia chebula Retz had relatively strong anti-bacterial effects on Ameromonas hydrophila,among them the anti-bacterial effect of Galla Chinensis was significantly higher than those of the others （P0.05）. The optimal treatment dose of Galla Chinensis treating bacterial septicemia caused by Aeromonas hydrophila was that they were treated with medicated bath for 40 min by 0.5 mg/ml Galla Chinensis extract,and the cure rate was 100%. [Conclusion] The research provides a scientific drug basis for the control and prevention of outbreak bacterial diseases of fish.

Sensitivities of Vibrio vulnificus to Chinese Herbs and Effect of Medicinal Bath on Vibrio vulnificus

Vibrio vulnificus can cause rotten-skin disease in marine fish aquaculture, resulting in a large number of deaths. The occurrence of rotten-skin disease is becoming severer and severer, leading to serious economic losses. In this study, the sensitivities of V. vulnificus to the 18 kinds of herbs, such as stone calamus and Chinese rhubarb, were determined using the agar diffusion method （susceptibility paper）. The results showed that Chinese gall, dark plum, sea buckthorn and eucalyptus leaves have bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects, while sappan wood, Chi- nese rhubarb, pomegranate bark, mentha and clove have strong bacteriostatic ef- fects. The Chinese medicinal herb bath showed good control effect on V. vulnificus.

Effects of the Chinese Medicinal Herb Com plex Additives on Non-specific Immunity of Amursturgeon( Acipenser schrencki Brandt)

This study was to investigate the effects of aqueous decotion from three Chinese medicinal herb additives （ Cyrtomium fortunei, prescription I and prescription II） on non-specific immunity of 1 ＋ age old Amur sturgeon （Acipenser schrencki Brandt） by oral perfusion. Cyrtomiumfortunei, prescription I and prescription II were orally given to 15 fishes for each experimental group once a day, with the concentration of 9,175 and 36 g/S0 kg body weight, respectively. The administration was lasted for 14 days. Meanwhile, distilled water was orally given as the control. After the experiment, some of the experimental fishes were stimulated with high temperature （30 ℃ ） for two hours. Sampling was performed from fishes treated at 22 ℃ and 30 ℃ for measuring the protein content in the serum, phagocytic activity of leucocytes and the activity of the lysozyme in six tissues. The results indicated that Cyrtomiumfortunei and prescription II could help to enhance the content of various proteins and the phagocytic activity of leucocytes. There was no significant change in the effects between these two additives at either the normal temperature or high temperature. Prescription I did not show an obvious effect on the immunity of fishes at the normal temperature, but it did in promo- ting high-efficiency response and improving immunoregulation of fish shocked by some stimuli.

中药有效成分结合骨组织工程材料用于骨修复

背景:如何修复骨缺损一直以来是临床难题,中药有效成分在骨修复方面具有良好的生物活性与治疗效果,将中药有效成分与组织工程材料相结合在骨修复领域具有广阔的前景。不同中药有效成分与支架的组合在作用关系方面具有相似之处。目的:搜集常见的中药有效成分与支架材料组合的案例,基于七情配伍的启发将组织工程支架与中药有效成分类比为产生配伍关系的两类中药,以二者的作用关系为纲进行归纳总结。方法:检索1998年1月至2024年1月Pub Med和中国知网数据库中发表的相关文献,英文检索词:“traditional Chinese medicine,Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicine monomers,bone defect,bone repair,bone tissue engineering,tissue engineering,scaffold”,中文检索词:“中药,中药有效成分,中药单体,骨组织工程,骨组织工程支架,支架,组织工程,骨缺损,骨修复”,最终纳入88篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:(1)组织工程支架材料与中药有效成分各自均在骨修复领域有广泛的运用,二者在成骨方面优势明显但仍有许多缺陷,许多研究致力于将二者制备成复合材料,希望通过二者间的相互作用发挥减毒增效作用。(2)一些药物与材料在成骨、抗菌、促血管生成方面能互相促进,增强原有的效果,受到传统方剂配伍观念的启发,文章将其归纳为“相须”关系,并举实例佐证。(3)一些药物能提高材料的强度,而某些材料能对负载于其上的药物实现缓释控释效果、增加载药量与稳定性,或是进行靶向递送,文章将这种单方面的提升效果归纳为“相使”关系。(4)一些中药与材料搭配使用能减少对方的毒副反应,文章将这种减毒关系归纳为“相畏相杀”。(5)文章得出了一个由七情配伍关系启发、基于作用关系分类的关于中药复合支架的全新视角,将中药传统观念引入组织工程领域,为后续复合支架的研究者提供新的研究思路,并在选材搭配方面提供一定的便利。

Investigation of paeonol-geniposide on acute alcoholic liver injury based on uniform design method

Objective:To explore the optimal ratio and compatibility effect of paeonol-geniposide combination on acute alcoholic liver injury by uniform design.Methods:Lieber-DeCarli alcoholic liquid feed was used to induce acute alcoholic liver injury in mice.Uniform design was used to select the best dosage combination of paeonol and geniposide,and the related indexes of liver injury and oxidative stress were detected by kit.Serum inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA,and the expressions of p38 MAPK,JNK and NF-κB P65 related proteins in liver were detected by Western-blot.Results:The regression equation suggested that paeonol:geniposide=220:20 was the best ratio of paeonol and geniposide to resist alcoholic liver injury.Compared with the model group,the liver injury indexes and oxidation products of the paeonol+geniposide group decreased significantly,the antioxidant activity of liver tissue increased significantly,and the expression levels of p-p38 MAPK,p-JNK and NF-κB P65 protein decreased significantly.Conclusion:The optimal dosage of paeonolgeniposide was effectively optimized by uniform design and pharmacodynamic analysis.The combination of the two drugs could reduce the alcoholic liver injury by reducing the oxidative stress injury and inflammatory response in the liver tissue of mice,and its effect might be related to the targeting of p38 MAPK/JNK/NF-κB channel.

渔用中草药种类、作用机理及应用效果研究进展

中草药具有成分天然、资源丰富、功能多样、双向调节、低毒、无残留、无耐药性等特点。本文主要阐述了中草药的特点、作用及其机制,总结了黄芪、当归、黄岑、黄连、姜黄、大蒜等常见的中草药作为饲料添加剂在鱼类养殖中的应用效果及对养殖水环境的改善作用,以期为中草药制剂在鱼类养殖中的科学应用提供参考。

中药调控氧化应激治疗男性不育症实验研究进展

氧化应激(OS)是指机体遭受各种有害刺激时产生过多的活性氧自由基而无法及时清除,导致氧化系统和抗氧化系统平衡失调,引起组织或细胞功能紊乱和损伤的一种状态。OS与男性不育症(MI)关系密切,OS通过影响精子发生,损伤精子膜、脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)、线粒体,降低精子运动能力,加速细胞凋等途径使精子质量下降,导致MI。研究发现,单味中药的有效成分多糖类化合物(黄芪多糖、党参多糖、枸杞多糖、黄精多糖、山茱萸多糖、当归多糖、女贞子多糖、石斛多糖),黄酮类化合物(菟丝子总黄酮、槲皮素、紫云英苷、羊藿苷、金丝桃苷),皂苷类化合物(人参皂苷、蒺藜皂苷、薯蓣皂苷元),苯丙素类化合物(五味子甲素、姜黄素、白藜芦醇),环烯醚萜苷类化合物(桃叶珊瑚苷),氮苷类化合物(红景天苷),低聚糖类化合物(巴戟甲素),苯乙醇苷类化合物(肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷)多肽类化合物(牡蛎肽)具有抗氧化作用,可提升雄性动物MI模型的生殖功能。

Antipyretic and Anti-Asthmatic Activities of Traditional Chinese Herb-Pairs, Ephedra and Gypsum

Objective： Mahuang-Shigao herb-pair is a famous formula composed of Ephedra and Gypsum. The herb-pair is frequently used for treating cold symptoms and bronchial asthma in the clinical practice of Chinese medicine （CM）. In the present study, we evaluated evidence for the benefit of combined use of Ephedra and Gypsum by analyzing the antipyretic and anti-asthmatic activities of Ephedra-Gypsum. Methods： The antipyretic effects of Ephedra-Gypsum were evaluated in yeast-induced hyperthermia test. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, including control group, standard aspirin group, and 3 Ephedra- Gypsum groups of different doses （6, 12, 24 g/kg）. Ephedra-Gypsum extract and asprin were administered orally 6 h after the injection of yeast solution and body temperature was measured every 1 h for 8 h. The anti- asthmatic effects of Ephedra-Gypsum were evaluated using an ovalbumin （OVA）-induced asthmatic rat model. Thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. Rats were alternately sensitized and OVA＋Al（OH）3 challenged by exposure to mists of ovalbumin. Ephedra-Gypsum extracts （6, 12, 24 g/kg） or dexamethasone were administered 45 min prior to the allergen challenge for 8 days. Latent period and the weight of wet to dry ratio of lung were determined. In addition, the eosinophils in blood and white blood cell （WBC） were counted by an YZ-Hemavet Analyzer. Results： The Ephedra-Gypsum extracts at test dose （6, 12, 24 g/kg） significantly and dose-dependently attenuated yeast-induced fever in rats. The Ephedra-Gypsum extracts also prolonged the latent period, reduced OVA-induced increases in eosinophils and WBC, and decreased the wet and dry weight ratio of the lungs in the anti-asthmatic test. Conclusions： These findings indicate that the Ephedra-Gypsum extract has antipyretic and anti-asthmatic properties. Hence, the results support additional scientific evidence in prescriptions.

中药饮片提取与浓缩工艺对有效成分提取率的影响研究

本文深入探讨了中药饮片提取与浓缩工艺对有效成分提取率的影响,旨在通过系统分析不同提取溶剂、工艺参数及药材前处理对提取率的影响,以及浓缩过程中工艺参数、新型技术及醇沉工序对最终产品质量的贡献,为中药现代化生产提供科学依据。研究发现,合理选择溶剂种类与配比、优化提取温度、时间及压力等参数,以及精细化的药材前处理与浓缩工艺,均能有效提升中药有效成分的提取率,保障中药产品的疗效与稳定性。同时,本文还揭示了浓缩过程中有效成分稳定性问题及解决方案,为中药产业技术升级提供了参考。

二草清胰汤对急性胰腺炎患者中医证候积分及血清相关细胞因子水平的影响

目的探讨二草清胰汤治疗急性胰腺炎(AP)的疗效及其对中医证候积分、炎症因子、免疫功能的影响。方法回顾性选取2023年1月至2024年4月于开封市中医院诊治的104例AP患者为研究对象,依据治疗方案分为对照组(乌司他丁+生长抑素)、研究组(乌司他丁+生长抑素+二草清胰汤治疗),各52例。观察两组临床疗效、临床症状改善情况及治疗前后中医证候积分、胃肠道功能[胃肠道症状评定量表(GSRS)]、急性胰腺炎严重程度床边指数(BISAP)、胰腺微循环障碍[胰腺血流量(BF)、血流容积(BV)、灌注达峰时间(TTP)]、炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、内毒素、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-18(IL-18)]、免疫功能(CD_(3)^(+)、CD_(4)^(+)、CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+))及两组不良反应。结果与对照组总有效率75.00%比较,研究组94.23%较高(P<0.05)。研究组肠鸣音恢复时间、腹痛缓解时间、体温恢复正常时间、血清淀粉酶恢复时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,研究组治疗后中医证候积分、GSRS、BISAP评分降低(P<0.05);BF、BV升高,TTP降低(P<0.05);血清TNF-α、内毒素、IL-1β、IL-18水平降低(P<0.05);CD_(3)^(+)、CD_(4)^(+)、CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+)升高(P<0.05);两组不良反应比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论二草清胰汤联合乌司他丁、生长抑素治疗AP患者,可提高临床疗效,改善临床症状、胰腺功能、胃肠道功能、胰腺微循环,并可减轻炎症反应,增强机体免疫力,且具有一定安全性。

Usage of Chinese Herbs in Cancer Patients in Southern China:A Survey

Objective To study the use of Chinese medicine(CM)in cancer patients in southern China.Methods A total of 1,950 cancer patients finished questionnaires in four provinces in southern China.The survey included socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of participants,dosage forms,efficacy,and side effects.Results The study results showed that cancer patients with higher education(>12 years)were more likely to accept the treatment of Chinese herbs.There were 54.61%(1,065 cases)of patients chose Chinese herbs for the initial treatment and 14.46%(282 cases)chose Chinese herbs as monotherapy.Most patients(54.51%,1,063 cases)continuously used CM for more than 6 months,and a few of them(212 cases)used CM for up to 3 years.All kinds of dosage forms of CM had been used,including CM decoction,CM patent prescription and CM injection.Concerning the efficacy in the view of patients,40.31%(786 cases)believed that it would be effective to take Chinese herbs before they starting the anti-cancer treatment,and the percentage increased to 81.08%after 1-month CM treatment.The effect of Chinese herbs was mainly demonstrated by symptom relief and improvement of quality of life,and 8.31%(162 cases)of patients experienced control of tumor growth and decreased tumor markers.Furthermore,only 14.31%(279 cases)participants reported that they experienced side effects during CM treatment.Conclusion This large scale investigation reflects the current situation of domestic CM usage objectively and comprehensively,which might provide new ways for cancer treatment.

中药抗菌作用文献研究现状

近年来随着抗生素在临床上的广泛应用,病原菌对传统抗生素的耐药性也不断增强,导致可供临床选择的抗生素愈发局限,加之传统抗生素的副作用明显,促使人们开始转而关注中药在抗菌方面的可能性。文章系统梳理了1987年-2017年的中药抗菌药理研究相关科技期刊文献,对部分中药单味药、中药复方、中药有效成分及中药提取物抗菌过程中所能抑制(或杀灭)微生物进行了整理分析,旨在为科研工作者的抗菌研究工作提供新思路,推动中医药在新时代的背景下进一步发挥其功效,造福人类。

国内外天然食品抗氧化剂的研究进展

本文综述了国内外各种来源的天然食品抗氧化剂及其抗氧化效果的研究进展,为开发、利用天然食品抗氧化剂提供信息和参考。

6种中草药抗病毒试验

选用人参叶、山楂、艾叶、紫苏叶、青蒿和刺五加等６种中草药的１３份提取液，在ＲＫ和ＤＫ细胞上分别进行了抗伪狂犬病病毒和抗狐狸脑炎病毒试验。结果，仅人参叶的水提取液和醇提取液对狐狸脑炎病毒和伪狂犬病病毒均有抗病毒作用；水提取液和醇提取液对狐狸脑炎病毒在ＤＫ细胞上的５０％抑制浓度（ＩＣ５０）分别为１∶５６５．５和１∶１０３７．４。

天然抗氧化剂发展近况

从中草药中天然抗氧化剂的开发、天然抗氧化剂抗氧化效果的评估及其影响因素、天然抗氧化剂之间的相乘作用、天然抗氧化剂对油脂氧化稳定性的促进作用等几方面对天然抗氧化剂的发展近况进行了概述。

31种常见抗菌中药对DPPH自由基清除作用的分析

采用乙醇提取法提取 31 种常见水产抗菌中草药中的抗氧化活性物质,采用 DPPH自由基分析法测定各提取液抗氧化活性的强弱,并与茶多酚进行比较,以分析其对 DPPH自由基的清除作用。结果表明,知母、白头翁和五味子3种中草药具有良好的清除自由基的作用。

中草药添加剂对生长肥育猪内分泌的影响研究

选用 2 0kg左右的“杜长大”三元杂交猪 12 0头 ,分成对照组、中药组、中药 +西药组 ,每组 4个重复。测定中草药添加剂对生长育肥猪血清中GH ,IGF -I,T3 ,T4和cAMP含量的影响。结果表明 :在 2 0～ 30kg ,30～ 70kg ,70～110kg阶段 ,中药组、中 +西药组与对照组相比 ,血清GH的浓度分别提高了 7 34% (P >0 0 5 )和 5 5 0 % (P >0 0 5 ) ,2 1 0 9% (P <0 0 5 )和 16 32 % (P <0 0 5 ) ,7 5 6 % (P >0 0 5 )和 6 4 0 % (P >0 0 5 ) ;IGF -I水平分别升高了 15 32 % (P<0 0 5 )和 13 86 % (P <0 0 5 ) ,17 2 0 % (P <0 0 5 )和 13 82 % (P <0 0 5 ) ,6 5 6 % (P >0 0 5 )和 4 16 % (P >0 0 5 )。在2 0～ 30kg ,30～ 70kg和 70～ 110kg阶段 ,T3 含量分别增加了 2 9 4 2 % (P <0 0 5 )和 19 83% (P <0 0 5 ) ,16 0 1% (P <0 0 5 )和 11 6 7% (P <0 0 5 ) ,12 4 1% (P <0 0 5 )和 7 33% (P >0 0 5 ) ;T4含量分别增加了 2 3 31% (P <0 0 5 )和14 32 % (P <0 0 5 ) ,17 0 6 % (P <0 0 5 )和 11 5 1% (P <0 0 5 ) ,6 81% (P >0 0 5 )和 2 0 3% (P >0 0 5 )。在 2 0～ 30kg ,30～ 70kg和 70～ 110kg阶段 ,cAMP含量分别提高了 15 88% (P <0 0 5 )和 13 97% (P <0 0 5 ) ,19 88%

中药方剂有效成(组)分配伍研究

方剂通过配伍提高临床疗效,组分配伍是中药方剂配伍的新形式。组分配伍以中医学理论为指导,其目标是能够按照中医理论辨证用药,并且具有较高的安全性,临床适应证明确且针对性好,成分及作用机理相对清楚,质量稳定可控,能够产业化推广。因此,组分配伍必须要建立标准组分的配伍方法,并根据实验设计确定主要组分,剔除有毒组分,还要建立组分剂量配比的方法。组分配伍模式有从有效方剂的饮片配伍深入到组分配伍,直接组分配伍及单味药的标准组分配伍几类,组分配伍的作用方式仍然是多组分、多靶点、整体综合调节。有效组分配伍的意义在于确保临床用药剂量准确和安全有效,提高疗效,节省药材,减少毒副作用。通过上述工作创制成分清楚,机理明确的现代中药。现代对中药化学及其药理作用的研究结果为有效组分配伍提供了科学依据,现代医药学面临的多基因复杂性疾病靠单一成分难以获得最佳疗效为有效组分配伍新药提供了新机遇。因此,从传统有效复方中寻找最佳配伍,从成分清楚的单味标准组分中按中医理论组合最佳配伍,突破以临床经验积累作为中药研制的一贯模式,相信可以为中医学术进步及产业发展起到积极的推动作用。

基于网络的中医药信息系统的开发和研究

介绍了北京大学中医药网络信息系统的设计方向及实现步骤,对该系统的开发平台、体系结构以及实现系统的相关技术进行了具体的分析与论述.该系统包括中草药、中成药、中药有效成分、中药食疗以及中药方剂等五个专业的数据库和其它大量中医药相关信息,这些网络数据库和信息构成了完整的中医药网络信息系统.通过和其它药物设计方法的结合,该信息系统成为基于中医药药物设计和发现先导化合物的重要工具.

中药水提取液中有效成分的分散行为

目的:对多种中药水煎液的分散行为进行研究。方法:通过浊度、超显微镜和透射电镜研究了丹参等22种中药水煎液的分散属性,发现经4000 r/min离心后的药材水煎液中存在大量纳米级颗粒体;以丹参为模型药材,研究了离心、醇沉、絮凝、盐析除杂方法对有效成分损失的影响。结果:除杂后,水煎液中纳米颗粒显著减少,水溶性成分和脂溶性成分均有损失,脂溶性成分损失更大。结论:离心沉降后中药口服液是一种纳米制剂,纳米颗粒体作为药材中有效成分的载体分散在水中。