The impact of nurses’organizational commitment on their perceptions of the work environment:Strong mediating effect of the psychological contract

Objective:The objective is to assess the direct and indirect effects of nurses’organizational commitment(OC)on their work environment perceptions(WEP)and the role of the psychological contr act(PC).Methods:A cross‑sectional quantitative study of 3047 registered nurses in four Chinese hospitals was conducted.The Essentials of Magnetism II(Chinese version),OC,and PC scales were used in the study,and the structural equation modeling was used to assess the connections among variables.Results:The results showed that OC was positively correlated with WEP(r=0.561,P<0.001),and PC was negatively correlated with the WEP(r=−0.717,P<0.001),and OC(r=−0.739,P<0.001).Nurses’PC played a strong mediating role between OC and WEP,accounting for 87.64%of the total effect.Besides,PC played an important role in creating a healthy work environment.Conclusions:The exploration of the relationships among WEP,PC,and OC provides new insights for hospital managers to build a better work environment for nurses,which is conducive to maintaining a stable nurse team and providing high‑quality nursing services for patients.

On the Effectiveness of Group Work in English Language Teaching

This is a case research on group work and the aim is to investigate the effectiveness of group work in English teaching in English major of Zhejiang Guangsha College of Applied Construction Technology(ZGC).By carrying out a 15-week experiment on 08 Applied English Class 1 and 2,questionnaires on 08 Business English Class 1-5(213 students),and interviews on 22 teachers of English major,the research results show and prove that group work is often performed in ZGC and group work is quite effective in English teaching.

The action mechanism of the work done by the electric field force on moving charges to stimulate the emergence of carrier generation/recombination in a PN junction

It is discovered that the product of the current and the electric field in a PN junction should be regarded as the rate of work(power)done by the electric field force on moving charges(hole current and electron current),which was previously misinterpreted as solely a Joule heating effect.We clarify that it is exactly the work done by the electric field force on the moving charges to stimulate the emergence of non-equilibrium carriers,which triggers the novel physical phenomena.As regards to Joule heat,we point out that it should be calculated from Ohm’s law,rather than simply from the product of the current and the electric field.Based on this understanding,we conduct thorough discussion on the role of the electric field force in the process of carrier recombination and carrier generation.The thermal effects of carrier recombination and carrier generation followed are incorporated into the thermal equation of energy.The present study shows that the exothermic effect of carrier recombination leads to a temperature rise at the PN interface,while the endothermic effect of carrier generation causes a temperature reduction at the interface.These two opposite effects cause opposite heat flow directions in the PN junction under forward and backward bias voltages,highlighting the significance of managing device heating phenomena in design considerations.Therefore,this study possesses referential significance for the design and tuning on the performance of piezotronic devices.

Work Effectiveness,Problems and Countermeasures of Third-Party Assessment Teams from Colleges and Universities for Targeted Poverty Alleviation

Conducting a third-party assessment on targeted poverty alleviation can effectively avoid the disadvantage that local government plays as both athlete(i.e.performer of poverty alleviation work)and referee(i.e.referee for poverty alleviation effect)in poverty alleviation to ensure the truth of poverty alleviation,and therefore,it is an important part of the work to win the battle against poverty.Since 2016,the thirdparty assessment teams from colleges and universities for targeted poverty alleviation have achieved good results and performance in the assessment on both the effectiveness of targeted poverty alleviation work and the exit of poor counties in China,and they have made due contributions to the cause of poverty alleviation.However,as a new thing,third-party assessment obviously has some problems,mainly including the following:subjective understanding on the long-term nature of rural poverty alleviation is insufficient,and there is a lack of long-term considerations and related mechanism for third-party assessment;affected by policies and institutions,most of the existing third-party assessment teams from colleges and universities have not regarded third-party assessment of targeted poverty alleviation as a cause,and they lack the motivation to actively study the assessment business;and the third-party assessment staff from colleges and universities for targeted poverty alleviation have low stability and high mobility,not conducive to the long-term construction of assessment teams.In order to establish long-term poverty alleviation and prevention mechanisms,these issues must be addressed squarely and relevant countermeasures need to be taken actively to effectively build a long-term mechanism for building third-party assessment teams from colleges and universities for targeted poverty alleviation.

Effects of Reduced Frequency on Network Configuration and Synchronization Transition

Synchronization of networked phase oscillators depends essentially on the correlation between the topological structure of the graph and the dynamical property of the elements. We propose the concept of ＇reduced frequency＇, a measure which can quantify natural frequencies of each pair of oscillators. Then we introduce an evolving network whose linking rules are controlled by its own dynamical property. The simulation results indicate that when the linking probability positively correlates with the reduced frequency, the network undergoes a first-order phase transition. Meanwhile, we discuss the circumstance under which an explosive synchronization can be ignited. The numerical results show that the peculiar butterfly shape correlation between frequencies and degrees of the nodes contributes to an explosive synchronization transition.

High-performance Si-Containing anode materials in lithium-ion batteries: A superstructure of Si@Co-NC composite works effectively

To mitigate the massive volume expansion of Si-based anode during the charge/discharge cycles,we synthesized a superstructure of Si@Co±NC composite via the carbonization of zeolite imidazolate frameworks incorporated with Si nanoparticles.The Si@Co±NC is comprised of Sinanoparticle core and N-doped/Co-incorporated carbon shell,and there is void space between the core and the shell.When using as anode material for LIBs,Si@Co±NC displayed a super performance with a charge/discharge capacity of 191.6/191.4 mA h g^(-1)and a coulombic efficiency of 100.1%at 1000 mA g^(-1)after 3000 cycles,and the capacity loss rate is 0.022%per cycle only.The excellent electrochemical property of Si@Co±NC is because its electronic conductivity is enhanced by doping the carbon shell with N atoms and by incorporating with Co particles,and the pathway of lithium ions transmission is shortened by the hollow structure and abundant mesopores in the carbon shell.Also,the volume expansion of Si nanoparticles is well accommodated in the void space and suppressed by the carbon host matrix.This work shows that,through designing a superstructure for the anode materials,we can synergistically reduce the work function and introduce the confinement effect,thus significantly enhancing the anode materials’electrochemical performance in LIBs.

THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENT WORK ON EFFECTIVE SEGREGATION COEFFICIENT OF SOLUTE AT SOLID／LIQUID INTERFACE

The model of effective segregation coefficient(Keff) of solute atoms has been developed by considering the effect of environment work on barrier potential of atom motion at solid/liquid interface.It was found that not only the amount but also the type of environ ment work strongly affected the Keff in addition to the growth velocity R.

Media Effect of Students’ Ideological and Political Work in Tibetan Agricultural Colleges and Universities

Both the students’ ideological and political work and the media work in agricultural colleges and universities are priorities of agricultural higher education in Tibet. The economic and social development situation in Tibet,especially the modern agricultural development trend in Tibet,provides excellent development opportunities and challenges for both the students’ ideological and political work and the media work in Tibetan agricultural colleges and universities. On the whole,the students’ ideological and political work and the media work should not be treated with discrimination. Instead,they should be effectively integrated and coordinated,to form joint efforts,so as to create a bright spring for agricultural higher education of Tibet.

The Effects of the Work Environment on the Employees Optimal Performance: A Study of Ebonyi State College of Education, Ikwo

The study sought to investigate the effects of the work environment on the employees’optimal performance in Ebonyi State College of Education,Ikwo,as one of government organizations.The research design for this study was the survey research design to assess the relationship between the work environment and the employee’s performance in Ebonyi State College of Education.Thus,the population of the study comprised all employees of the college.The college which has total staff strength of 493 employees and seven management members making total of 500 was used as the study area.In an attempt to realize the objectives of the study,222 questionnaires were administered to both the management team and the employees of Ebonyi State College of Education.In order to ensure that all the strata of the population were fairly represented and all cases within each stratum had equal chance of being selected,stratified random sampling was used to select a sample of 215 employees and seven members of the management team for this research.A response rate of 78%was achieved.The data collected from both employees and managers was analyzed,using mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions and t-test statistics to test the hypotheses at alpha level of 0.05 significance.It was found that each of the components that define the work environment were statistically significant to performance of the college.However,the social work environment of employees of the college was the most conducive work environment in the institution and the psychological environment of the college was least conducive.In the end,the work environment of the Ebonyi State College of Education,Ikwo,was statistically significant to the performance of employees of the college.It was among other things recommended that for the performance of staff of the college to be enhanced,the college managers must improve its psychological environment so as to improve the psychological health of its employees.

Study of energy-efficient heat resistance and cooling technology for high temperature working face with multiple heat sources in deep mine

In the present research,we proposed a scheme to address the issues of severe heat damage,high energy consumption,low cooling system efficiency,and wastage of cold capacity in mines.To elucidate the seasonal variations of environmental temperature through field measurements,we selected a high-temperature working face in a deep mine as our engineering background.To enhance the heat damage control cability of the working face and minimize unnecessary cooling capac-ity loss,we introduced the multi-dimensional heat hazard prevention and control method called"Heat source barrier and cooling equipment".First,we utilize shotcrete and liquid nitrogen injection to eliminate the heat source and implemented pressure equalization ventilation to disrupt the heat transfer path,thereby creating a heat barrier.Second,we establish divi-sional prediction models for airflow temperature based on the variation patterns obtained through numerical simulation.Third,we devise the location and dynamic control strategy for the cooling equipment based on the prediction models.The results of field application show that the heat resistance and cooling linkage method comply with the safety requirement throughout the entire mining cycle while effectively reducing energy consumption.The ambient temperature is maintained below 30℃,resulting in the energy saving of 10%during the high-temperature period and over 50%during the low-temperature period.These findings serve as a valuable reference for managing heat damage in high-temperature working faces.

Chinese Citizens' Right To Work and Social Security Effectively Protected——An interview with Zheng Silin, minister of labor and social security

Following is an interview by staff reporters of the Human Rights magazine with Zheng Silin, Chinese minister of labor and social security. The interview was meant in part to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the implementation of the Labor Law of the People's Republic of China that falls on January 1,2005. We are publishing this transcript with a view to providing our readers with information about how China has worked persistently to protect citizens' right to work and social security and the achievements it has made in this regard. We need to remind our readers of the fact that back in March 2004, the National People's Congress, China's highest legislature, approved a recommendation for revision of China's Constitution. In accordance with the recommendation, the Constitution had one more clause added: The state shall establish and improve a social security system commensurate to the level of the economic and social development.

医院安全氛围在护士感知工作环境及满意度间的中介效应分析

目的探讨护士感知工作环境、医院安全氛围和护士满意度之间的关系和影响路径。方法采用便利抽样法,于2021年9月至11月选取成都市2家三级甲等综合医院和1家三级甲等专科医院护士为研究对象,以护士感知工作环境问卷、医院安全氛围量表和工作满意度量表对护士进行调查,采用Pearson相关性分析医院安全氛围、护士感知工作环境与满意度之间相关性,根据相关性检验结果建立路径关系模型,用Bootstrap法进行中介效应检验,深入剖析医院安全氛围在护士感知工作环境和满意度之间的中介效应。结果护士工作环境感知与满意度呈正相关(r=0.428,P<0.01),医院安全氛围与护士工作环境呈正相关(r=0.693,P<0.01),医院安全氛围与护士满意度呈正相关(r=0.466,P<0.01),护士感知工作环境正向预测医院安全氛围(β=0.773,P=0.003),对满意度的正向预测作用差异无统计学意义(β=0.060,P=0.530),医院安全氛围在护士感知工作环境和满意度间的间接效应值为0.414(95%CI 0.557~1.531),占总效应的87.34%。结论医院安全氛围在护士感知工作环境和满意度间起到完全中介作用,促进护理队伍健康稳定发展。

工作繁荣在教练型领导与护士职业成长间的中介效应

目的探讨护士工作繁荣对教练型领导与职业成长关系的中介效应。方法采用多阶段分层抽样法,选择河南省7所三级甲等医院的447名护士为研究对象,使用护士职业成长量表、教练型领导感知评价量表(护士他评版)和工作繁荣量表进行调查。结果护士评估的教练型领导评分为69.61±19.17,工作繁荣评分为49.93±10.12,职业成长评分为49.00±10.07,三者之间互为正相关(均P<0.05)。分层回归分析结果显示,在控制一般资料变量后,教练型领导及工作繁荣能解释职业成长总变异的38.2%。工作繁荣在教练型领导与职业成长之间起中介作用,中介效应占总效应的52.560%。结论教练型领导有助于提升临床护士工作繁荣水平,进而促进其职业成长,提示护理管理者施展教练型领导以挖掘护士职业发展潜力。

情感治理:社会工作发挥效能的内在逻辑与优化路径

近年来,社会工作在基层治理领域发挥了重要的作用,已有研究已经注意到了社会工作的情感治理价值,然而,关于社会工作发挥情感治理效能的内在逻辑和优化路径还没有引起学者们的高度关注。本文认为,社会工作通过积极的情感实践,激发个人情感、促进人际情感和凝聚群体情感,从而在国家治理中凸显出了治理效能。在新时代,要把坚持党建引领作为重要方向,提升社会工作者专业水平,并增强服务国家意识,进一步提升基层社会治理效能,从而切实回应社会需求,为推进社会工作本土化做出贡献。

论数字时代视听作品独创性程度的衡量及其判断——以脸部特效为切入点

数字时代出现了多种新型“连续画面”,其是否具备法定视听作品的独创性,关键是如何对独创性的“程度”进行量化。然而既有的视听作品独创性判断标准,因其过于“抽象化”而较难适用。为衡量这些新型“连续画面”独创性的“程度”,运用法理和技术相结合的研究方法,综合创作结果和创作过程,从典型案例“梦幻云”脸部特效侵权案切入,可得出如下结论:在衡量因素上,除了应注意区分脸部特效的分层次表达,还应排除智能人机交互预设的创作内容;在独创性标准上,则应确立范围上聚焦连续画面、画面衔接具有逻辑性以及画面呈现具备动态性三个标准。

新媒体背景下社会工作网络服务传播效果提升研究——基于短视频的数据分析

自2017年短视频成为新媒体的主要阵地之一后,短视频平台及其传播现象便逐渐成为一种宣传形象和文化传播的独特样态,给社会工作的发展带来了新的途径。为了更有效地利用短视频的优势,提升社会工作网络传播效果,通过在抖音、快手、小红书、哔哩哔哩以及微信视频号等平台收集社会工作主题短视频,利用SPSS26.0对视频主题、发布平台、发布方式、视频点赞量、收藏量、转发量、评论量等方面进行分析,并结合半结构式访谈了解现阶段社会工作者对社会工作短视频发展的态度,发现社会工作短视频的传播效果目前主要受视频主题、发布方式、发布平台三方面因素的影响,同时,视频剪辑技术、案主隐私、视频流量也限制了社会工作者制作和发布社会工作短视频。因此,应注重视频内容设计,打造品牌,引进和培养专业技术人才,加强社会工作的职业科普,积极探索平台引流方式,以保证社会工作网络传播的影响力。

社会工作介入船员心理健康的实效性研究

通过对船员心理健康问题的现状与成因进行分析,发现船员普遍存在心理健康问题,这些问题与工作环境和心理压力密切相关。社会工作方法能够提供全面的社会支持、心理疏导和资源整合,帮助船员解决心理问题,并提高心理健康水平。为了有效实施社会工作介入船员心理健康工作,提出了一系列策略建议,包括建立社会支持网络与资源整合机制、加强社会工作人员的专业知识与技能培养、探索社会工作模式创新与实践路径等。研究结果表明,社会工作介人船员心理健康具有实效性,通过社会工作的专业干预和支持,船员能够获得必要的心理援助和资源,提高应对工作压力的能力,改善心理健康状况。

民营企业家早年外企工作经历与企业出口表现

基于中国私营企业调查数据实证检验了民营企业家外企工作经历对于企业出口的影响。结果表明:有外企工作经历的民营企业家其所在企业的出口参与概率相对更高,出口规模相对更大。为了缓解内生性问题,采用代理变量、倾向得分匹配、处理效应模型等方法进行处理,结论仍然稳健。影响机制检验表明,外企工作经历使得民营企业家积累了社会资本,提升了公司治理水平,进而促进了企业的出口。进一步分析发现,外企工作经历的出口效应主要存在于外企负责人经历,而外企一般员工经历对企业出口不存在显著影响;相对于外企工作经历,企业家的港澳台企业工作经历对企业出口的促进作用更大;此外,外企工作经历对企业出口的影响存在地区差异,企业家才能的激发需要相应的制度环境支撑。