Study of the Magnetocaloric Effect in La0.5Sm0.2Sr0.3Mn1-xFexO3 (x = 0 and 0.05) Manganites with the Mean-Field Theory

In this paper, the magnetocaloric in La0.5Sm0.2Sr0.3Mn1-xFexO3 compounds with x = 0 (LSSMO) and x = 0.05 (LSSMFO) were simulated using mean field model theory. A strong consistency was observed between the theoretical and experimental curves of magnetizations and magnetic entropy changes, −ΔSM(T). Based on the mean-field generated −ΔSM(T), the substantial Temperature-averaged Entropy Change (TEC) values reinforce the appropriateness of these materials for use in magnetic refrigeration technology within TEC (10) values of 1 and 0.57 J∙kg−1∙K−1under 1 T applied magnetic field.

基于K⁃means和TOPSIS的城轨交通网络节点综合评估模型设计

为了保证城市轨道交通的安全、平稳运行,文中针对轨道交通网络中节点重要性的评估方法进行了研究。基于图论的思想将轨道网络抽象成有向带权图,并构建节点重要度评估体系。该体系包含度、特征向量、介数、逼近度、最大连通子图和网络连通率共6个评价指标,其能够全面描绘网络的局部、全局、连接这3个角度的属性。在该评价体系中,引入TOPSIS排序算法实现了重要度的快速排序。通过使用K⁃means算法,基于重要度的排序结果实现了有序归类。为了验证所提算法的有效性,文中采用成都实际交通网络的部分运营数据进行了仿真评估。计算结果表明,在该网络中,1~5类站点占比分别为5.5%,26.3%,38.5%,25.3%和4.4%。相较于基于网格的传统评估方法,文中方法在评价时间与评价精度上分别提升了10.20%和5.65%。

Measurement and analyses of the mean effective ion charge in the centre of tokamak discharges

There are two different definitions for specifying the mean effective ion charge Zeff in plasmas： a） from the Spizer electrical resistivity of the plasma and b） from bremsstrahlung radiation losses of the plasma. In this paper Zeff in the centre of tokamak ohmic discharges has been determined from information on sawtooth-relaxations of the steady state plasma, based on the analysis for the power balance of the plasma electrons in the plasma centre during the period of recovery after the sawtooth crashes. This method is found to supply reliable results for tokamak parameters. While its application requires some efforts in data analysis, it can provide a reliable determination of Zeff, independent of the information from bremsstrahlung radiation losses of the plasma.

Application of Green Technology Using Biological Means for the Adsorption of Micro-Pollutants in Water

It is true that the world we have today is not the world we use to know. The Covid-19 pandemic has paralyzed all sector, hence the need for safety and enabling environment for mankind is of high importance. Adsorption technology is far the best and cheapest treatment technology for water and has extensively proven its worth for the uptake of micro-pollutant from surface, ground and water which are the major channels of home water. Over the years activated carbon is considered as the most common and universally used adsorbent for the eradication of different types of micro-pollutants from water. The contamination of surface water by micro-pollutant is a potential threat for the production of high quality and safe drinking water. Adsorption operation onto granulated activated carbon (GAC) in fixed-bed filters is often applied as a remedying step in the synthesis of safe and drinkable water. Activated carbon actively tends to act as a carrier material for a thin usually resistant layer of microorganisms (mostly bacteria) that forms on the coat of various surfaces (biofilm), hence biological simplification can be an alternative removal approach that can be adopted in granulated activated carbon filters. To evaluate the capacity of biofilm to biologically simplify micro-pollutants, it is very imperative to distinguish adsorption from biological simplification (biodegradation) as a removal mechanism. Experiment was carried out under the operating condition of a temperature range of 6?C to 20?C with biologically activated and autoclaved GAC to assess the biological simplification by the biofilm adsorbed on the GAC surface. Five micro-pollutants were selected as model compounds, of which some of them were biologically simplified by the GAC biofilm. Additionally, we observed that temperature can increase or decrease adsorption. Conclusively, comparison was made on the adsorption capacity of granulated activated carbon used for more than 50,000 beds.

Can environmental sustainability be decoupled from economic growth? Empirical evidence from Eastern Europe using the common correlated effect mean group test

The European Union(EU) and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD) aim to develop long-term policies for their respective member countries. Having observed increasing dangers to the environment posed by rising economic growth, they are seeking pathways to enable policy action on economic growth and environmental sustainability. Given the facts in theoretical and empirical studies, this study assessed the validity of the decoupling hypothesis by investigating asymmetricity in the relationship between environmental sustainability and economic growth in nine Eastern European countries from 1998 to 2017 using the cross-section augmented Dickey-Fuller(CADF) unit root, panel corrected standard error(PCSE), common correlated effect mean group(CCEMG), and Dumitrescu Hurlin causality approaches. Both population growth and drinking water are used as controlled variables. The outcomes establish strong cointegration among all the variables of interest. According to the results of CCEMG test, economic growth exerts short-term environmental degradation but has long-term environmental benefits in Eastern Europe;and population growth and drinking water exert a positive effect on environmental sustainability in both the short-and long-run. The results of Dumitrescu Hurlin causality test indicate that environmental sustainability is unidirectionally affected by economic growth. Based on these outcomes, we suggest the following policies:(1) the EU and OECD should implement member-targeted policies on economic growth and fossil-fuel use towards regulating industrial pollution, water use, and population control;and(2) the EU and OECD member countries should invest in environmental technologies through green research and development(R&D) to transform their dirty industrial processes and ensure productive energy use.

Coulomb effects on the formation of proton halo nuclei

This paper makes some qualitative and quantitative analyses about halo formation rules of some mirror nuclei with the relativistic mean-field （RMF） theory and the Woods Saxon mean-field model. By analysing two opposite effects of Coulomb interaction on the proton halo formation, it finds that the energy level shift has a larger contribution than that of the Coulomb barrier when the mass number A is small, the hindrance of the Coulomb barrier becomes more obvious with the increase of the mass number A, and the overall effect of the Coulomb interaction almost disappears when A ≈ 39 as its two effects counteract with each other.

A Study on Senior English Vocabulary Teaching Based on Prototype Category Theory

The emphasis is laid on expanding students’vocabulary in the new English Curriculum Standards.Without effective approaches to vocabulary learning,students can hardly form vocabulary networks in mind.Combining with modern educational technology,the author carries out experimental teaching to explore the effectiveness of vocabulary teaching based on prototype category theory and presents some samples of vocabulary teaching.The study shows that these teaching methods can effectively enhance students’cognition abilities,stimulate association,promote vocabulary processing,form a categorized network schema,and finally improve students’lexical competence and long-term memory.

基于用电数据的潍坊市工业污染源冬奥会管控效果评估

利用潍坊市安装用电监控的工业企业在冬奥会前和会中的生产用电数据及部分企业大气污染物排放在线监测数据,分析企业生产用电量和排放量的变化特征及潜在的相关性,评估管控措施落实状况及减排效果。结果表明:管控期间,潍坊市工业企业用电量相比管控前平均下降57.96%;完全停产类企业用电量下降75%以上,大气污染物(SO_(2)、NO_(x)、烟粉尘)排放量下降100%;限产类企业用电量降幅呈现随管控措施加严而增大的趋势;延迟复产类企业延迟复产率为47.83%~96.00%,用电量下降50.76%。根据管控期间各行业企业的用电量变化状况,判定各企业基本落实了减排要求。可见,企业用电数据在一定情况下,可以替代或辅助工业企业排放数据,反映企业管控措施落实状况及减排效果。

基于MLMD的电能质量扰动检测方法

针对局部均值分解(Local Mean Decomposition,LMD)算法应用于电能质量扰动检测时存在“端点效应”与滑动平均收敛速度慢,严重影响测量精度的问题,提出一种改进局部均值分解方法(Modified LMD,MLMD)。通过分段三次Hermite插值取代滑动平均法,有效改善LMD收敛慢、受平滑长度影响的弊端。为避免延拓长度不够而导致的“延拓失败”情形,在镜像延拓法的基础上结合“奇延拓”方法提出改进镜像延拓法。针对“直接法”求频率存在“毛刺现象”的弊端,文中改用希尔伯特变换(Hilbert Transform,HT)求取瞬时频率。最后,将MLMD分别应用于单一扰动信号与复合谐波信号的检测,相较传统的经验模态分解方法(Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD),MLMD方法可有效抑制“端点效应”,同时能更准确的定位扰动信号的起止时刻,并且对高次谐波信号有更好的提取能力。

数据要素推进新质生产力实现的内在机制与路径研究

数据作为新型生产要素的价值越发凸显,会推动新质生产力的形成。数据要素通过自身作用及与其他生产要素融合发生作用,并渗透在生产、流通、消费、分配等社会生产过程,不仅在国内发挥出数据乘数效应,还通过跨境数据流通发挥出开放乘数作用,会显著地催生新质劳动资料、孕育新质劳动对象、创造新质劳动力,进而推动新质生产力涌现。然而,数据要素发展面临诸多障碍,如有效供给不足、市场化缓慢、科技创新不足、规范化偏弱、数字劳动力供给不足等问题,都在影响并制约着新质生产力的实现。为此,建议加强数据要素市场开发、推进数据要素市场化、加快数据规则规范构建、加快数据高质量人才培育,以期充分发挥出数据要素赋能效应,助力新质生产力的生成与发展。

心理弹性在四川省社区老年人衰弱与生命意义感间的中介效应

目的了解四川省社区老年人衰弱、心理弹性及生命意义感现状,探讨心理弹性在社区老年人衰弱与生命意义感间的中介效应,为提升社区老年人的生命意义感水平提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法,于2022年9—12月抽取四川省符合纳入和排除标准的307例社区老年人为研究对象,应用一般情况调查表、中文版Tilburg衰弱量表、中文版心理弹性量表、生命意义源量表对社区老年人进行面对面问卷调查,采用Pearson相关分析老年人衰弱、心理弹性与生命意义感的相关性,采用Process插件中的Model 4分析心理弹性在衰弱与生命意义感之间的中介效应。结果社区老年人中文版Tilburg衰弱量表总分为(4.22±2.80)分,中文版心理弹性量表总分为(61.75±16.65)分,生命意义源量表总分为(143.98±24.45)分。Pearson相关分析结果显示,衰弱与心理弹性呈负相关(r=-0.425,P<0.001),与生命意义感也呈负相关(r=-0.348,P<0.001),心理弹性与生命意义感呈正相关(r=0.494,P<0.001)。中介效应检验结果表明,心理弹性在社区老年人衰弱和生命意义感之间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的51.7%。结论社区老年人衰弱发病率较高,心理弹性处于一般水平,生命意义感处于中等偏上水平,心理弹性在衰弱和生命意义感间起部分中介作用。应及时评估社区老年人的衰弱程度,制定针对性的干预措施缓解老年人的衰弱状况,提高老年人的心理弹性水平,提升其生命意义感,促进成功老龄化。

基于CFD方法的FPSO的波浪荷载和运动响应研究

针对浮式生产储油船(Floating production storage and offloading, FPSO)在深水作业时面临的恶劣海况问题,为保证其服役期间的安全性及作业效率,需要准确计算非线性波浪荷载和运动响应。本文应用基于计算流体动力学(Computational fluid dynamics, CFD)的软件STAR-CCM+建立了针对实尺度FPSO模型的数值水池,基于Richardson外推法,针对时间步长和网格尺寸,分析了二者的收敛性和数值不确定度。使用该数值水池模拟了不同波浪工况作用下FPSO的运动响应,计算其受到的二阶波浪力,并与势流结果进行对比。结果发现,随着波陡增大,平均波浪力的CFD结果逐渐大于势流结果,且呈现差异化增大。而波陡大于1/15时,纵摇的CFD结果明显大于势流结果。说明大波陡条件下,黏性效应对平均波浪力和纵摇影响明显,为恶劣海况下预报及修正FPSO的二阶波浪力和运动提供了参考。

产业链视角下油料产品价格溢出效应的对比分析——基于三元VAR-BEKK-GARCH(1,1)模型

为了更好地理解油料产品价格的波动规律,提升国内油料产品价格研究水平,以大豆、油菜、花生为油料作物的典型代表,以2011年2月—2019年12月油料产业链上各个环节月度价格数据为基础,采用三元VAR-BEKK-GARCH(1,1)模型,研究油料产业链上、中、下游产品的价格溢出效应。结果表明:大豆产业链各环节产品均存在价格均值溢出效应,油菜产业链上、中游之间没有价格均值溢出效应,花生产业链上、下游之间不存在价格均值溢出效应;在大豆、油菜和花生产业链中,各环节产品间价格双向波动溢出效应明显。政府应通过建立农业产业链价格监测体系、多元化的价格监测体系、稳定的市场调节机制等措施,促进相关农业产业链的协调发展。

基于PANGU程序的球床式高温气冷堆中子动力学参数计算

有效缓发中子份额(β_(eff))等中子动力学参数是核反应堆动态分析的基础。获取中子动力学参数的方法包括实验测量与数值计算,而对于球床式高温气冷堆,现有的条件还不能够直接进行实验测量,因此,数值计算是唯一现实可取的方法。本文研制了包含缓发中子数据的多群截面数据库XPZLIB,基于高温气冷堆栅格物理程序XPZ,对缓发中子数据进行了均匀化和能群归并处理,基于堆芯物理分析程序PANGU,使用重要性函数加权方法计算了高温气冷堆中子动力学参数,并利用蒙特卡罗程序检验了计算结果的准确性。结果证明,数值计算方法可以用于计算高温气冷堆动力学参数,并能为其动力学分析提供基础。

城市不同下垫面降雨径流水质监测及特征研究

城市面源污染是仅次于农业面源污染的第二大非点源污染,也是影响城市水生态系统健康的重要原因。随着城市化的快速发展,下垫面改变导致城市河流洪峰增大,河流污染加剧。基于沥青屋面、砖砌路面、油毡屋面和绿地四种典型城市下垫面的5场降雨径流监测试验资料,分析了不同下垫面条件下的降雨径流污染水平、径流水质变化特征和初始冲刷效应。结果表明:(1)4种下垫面的降雨径流总氮质量浓度均属于劣Ⅴ类水;四种下垫面的总磷污染程度相对较轻,沥青屋面、砖砌路面、油毡屋面和绿地的降雨径流总磷质量浓度优于Ⅳ类水的频率分别为80%、16%、88.46%和5.56%;沥青屋面、砖砌路面、油毡屋面和绿地的降雨径流总悬浮物质量浓度分布范围分别是7~798、15~569、10~871和44~378 mg/L。(2)总氮和总磷的径流污染水平排序为:砖砌路面>绿地>沥青屋面>油毡屋面;总悬浮物的径流污染水平排序为:绿地>砖砌路面>油毡屋面>沥青屋面。(3)中雨情景下各下垫面不同污染指标变化趋势差异较大,而小雨情景下受人为活动影响较大的下垫面的各污染指标浓度较高。(4)各下垫面污染物的初始冲刷强度排序均为:总悬浮物>总磷>总氮;各下垫面的初始冲刷强度排序为:沥青屋面>油毡屋面>砖砌路面>绿地。(5)沥青屋面和油毡屋面降雨径流中的总悬浮物和总磷具有较好的同源性,而砖砌路面降雨径流中的总磷与总氮和总悬浮物都具有较好的同源性。综合而言,各下垫面总氮和总悬浮物的场次降雨径流平均浓度远超于地表水Ⅴ类水质标准,会对城市水体造成污染,可根据不同下垫面的特点采取相应措施来降低污染物浓度。

城区与郊区NO_(2)-O_(3)作用的多重分形差异分析

为定量揭示城区和郊区O_(3)前体物对O_(3)生成的差异化影响,文章基于多重分形去趋势互相关分析法和K均值聚类算法,对2016-2022年四川省15个重点城市城区和郊区不同站点NO_(2)-O_(3)互相关性的多尺度特征进行对比分析。结果表明,城区和郊区大气NO_(2)-O_(3)互相关性均具有多重分形性及长期持续性特征,且郊区站点多重分形强度显著高于城区。城区和郊区NO_(2)-O_(3)互相关性多重分形强度差异呈现逐年递增规律,且受季节影响较大,其中夏季城区和郊区差异最大,冬季最小,这些差异主要受O_(3)前体物排放特征和热岛效应的影响。研究结果有助于从新的角度理解城区郊区大气污染差异及形成机理,为城郊O_(3)精细化预测模型的完善提供动力参数。

浊积岩油藏优势渗流通道精准识别——以胜利油区牛庄洼陷牛20区块为例

针对浊积砂岩油藏牛庄洼陷牛20区块平面水驱不均衡、边部供液不足与核部油井暴性水淹共存的开发状况,围绕浊积岩地质油藏特征,微观上通过三维数字岩心模拟,刻画不同微相微观孔喉结构约束下的优势渗流特征;宏观上基于浊积岩剩余油精细刻画,分级识别优势渗流流线。研究表明,动静态深入结合分析,明确了牛20区块优势渗流通道主要分布在核部微相,采用多技术手段联合识别优势渗流通道,结果与开发动态符合率达85%以上,可精准有效识别各层段的优势渗流通道,提高后续措施挖潜的针对性。研究成果为浊积岩油藏高含水期实现均衡驱替提高采收率奠定基础,对于低渗油藏高含水期效益开发具有重要意义。

K-means均值聚类算法在磁阻效应实验中的应用

对磁阻效应作用原理和磁阻传感器原件的应用进行了介绍,并借鉴数据挖掘技术提出了一种利用曲率及K-means均值聚类算法对磁阻效应实验数据进行分析处理的方法,结果显示该方法具有高精确度、人为因素小、直观性强的优点.

创造性审查中改进动机和技术启示的判断

审查实践中,关于发明显而易见性的判断包含以下三个层次:能否发现技术问题以产生改进动机;现有技术中是否存在技术手段能够解决所述技术问题;是否能够将该技术手段与最接近现有技术相结合以解决所述技术问题,带来技术效果,并且获得改进的技术方案。针对上述三个层次提供相应的案例,说明当缺乏改进最接近现有技术的动机,或者现有技术中并不存在技术手段以解决所述技术问题,抑或客观上存在技术障碍,这种技术障碍使得技术手段无法与最接近的现有技术相结合,即无法在现有技术的基础上使用该技术手段作出改进进而获得技术方案,此时认为要求保护的发明对本领域技术人员来说是非显而易见的,进而认可发明的创造性。