Transformations and Two Way Memory Effect Associated with Solution-treatment Temperature

Effect of solution treatment temperature on transformations and two way memory, effect in a Ti- 55.2 wt-%Ni alloy was investigated. The results show that with increasing the solution treatment temperature (T_s), two way memory effect (TWME) decreases continuously and temperatures of martensite and reverse, martensite transformations (MR) rise, but the temperature of R start trans- formation (parent→R) does not change. The results of the internal friction measurements indicate that when T_s=1073 K, internal friction peaks of MR and P→R transformations are larger than those of the specimens after solution-treatments at 973 and 1173 K. With increasing T_s, the de- crease of TWME can be attributed to that the defect stress field caused by the rolling fades out grad- ually and preferential martensite variants, which fit into the defect stress field, decrease. The changes of transformation temperatures and internal friction peaks with T_s are closely related to the change of defect numbers.

TRANSFORMATION CHARACTERISTIC OF TWO WAY SHAPE MEMORY MATERIAL CONSTRAINED BY STRESS

The snap-acting transition and two way shape memory (TWSM) effect have been obtained in a TWSM spring made of Ni51Ti49 alloy using the constrained effect of stress on driving force of TWSM material.When the snap-acting transition has been realized:M_s= M_f and A_s=A_f;hysteresis is rectangular,the height (TWSM effect) and width (hysteresis) of the rectangle can be readjusted by means of constrained stress.The results of resistance measurments show that,the snap-acting TWSM effect mentioned above was supplied mainly from the transformation of P←→R.The thermodynamic model has also been proposed to ac- count for the snap-acting transformation.

The Effective Ways to Integrate Excellent Traditional Culture Into College English Teaching—Taking Tea Culture as an Example

Further strengthening the integration of traditional culture and college English teaching has a great impact on the cultivation of students’comprehensive moral literacy and values.At the same time,the ingenious integration of tea culture into college English teaching not only helps to enhance students’cultural self-confidence,but also helps to effectively carry forward the excellent traditional Chinese culture.Therefore,according to the tea culture,this paper describes in detail the practical significance of integrating tea culture into college English education,and then puts forward that tea culture has become an effective way of college English teaching,hoping to bring the students’English learning ability to a certain extent.At the same time,it can further promote and develop China’s tea culture.

Effective way of alleviating poverty against poverty control: Based on the model of "Three Drives, Four Joints" in Zhen'an County

Based on the survey research of poverty controlling model of "Three Drives, Four Joints" in Zhen'an County, its forming motives, implementing mechanism, and constraint factors have been explored to testify its enlightenment and applicability, establishing a promotable, applicable, and effective poverty alleviation model. "Three Drives, Four Joints" model is linked to the poor who lacks ability of self-development. Relying on the drives from key leading companies, the capable and the rich, a community with shared interests by the poor and the subjects of the "three drives" could be formed through "Joint Production, Joint Resources, Joint Community of Stock, and Joint Operation". The linked poverty alleviation development model of "the influential and the rich bring along the poor" and "A rich household would help the others" come into being. It is found out that the model of "Three Drives, Four Joints" is in essence a poverty alleviation method focusing on the increase of the income and diversified ways of increasing the earnings. Problems of poverty alleviation carrier and joint mechanism have been solved in the poverty alleviation process. The model is innovative in activating the resource elements, helping to move the poor out of poverty. A referential, copyable, and applicable model is offered to advance the poverty alleviation in mountainous areas in China.

Roads and Ways to Better Listening

Wilga M.Rivers points out that people get 45% information in life by listening while 30% by speaking, which proves that listening is a very important aspect of linguistic communication, and that listening is an important method for studying and mastering a language. As is known to all, language is an important tool for communication, while speaking and listening are the most original, important and basic parts of the language and are also important ways for the human to know the world and the inner minds of ourselves. Listening, speaking, reading and writing are so important that we put them in the first position. Listening ability refers not only to the direct listening skill, but also to the learners＇ linguistic ability, the cultural knowledge and the thinking ability. Improving listening ability is a complicated process; therefore, we should develop our skills, enrich our knowledge and improve our analyzing and inferring abilities.

Ways to Cultivate Students'Innovative Thinking in the Teaching of Oil Painting in Colleges

With the rapid development of information technology,oil painting,as an important part of art culture,plays an important role in foreign exchanges and the promotion of multicultural development.College education bears the responsibility of providing a steady stream of high-quality talents for the development of social culture and art in addition to bringing new vitality for the dissemination and development of art and cultural theories.Giving full play to the role of oil painting teaching in colleges to cultivate oil painting talents has become one of the top priorities.Therefore,colleges and universities should continue to promote the development and reform of oil painting teaching as well as better improve the overall quality and oil painting skills among college students.In the new era,innovative thinking is an indispensable core quality in students'learning and life.In contemporary oil painting teaching in colleges and universities,it is very important to cultivate students'innovative thinking ability.This article begins by discussing the development of oil painting in China and the characteristics of students 125 innovative thinking,analyzes the importance of cultivating students'innovative thinking,as well as explores effective ways to cultivate their innovative thinking in regard to oil painting.

Exploring the Educational Value of Mathematical Beauty and Effective Ways of Discovering Mathematical Beauty

The precision of mathematical reasoning,the abstractness of mathematical language,the profundity of mathematical thought and method,as well as the excessive formalization of mathematics teaching have formed an impassable gap,hindering students in approaching mathematics.This has concealed the beauty of mathematics and the light of mathematical culture.However,if students are able to cross this gap,they would find that mathematics is a vast world full of vitality,imagination,wisdom,poetry,and beauty.The pursuit of mathematical beauty is one of the motivations for scientists to research this field.Experiencing mathematical beauty is of great significance to students'learning and growth.In teaching,the value of mathematical beauty is explored,such as stimulating emotions,opening up to the truth,and cultivating goodness.Several effective ways are suggested in this article to guide students to discover the mathematical beauty in life while finding it in problem-solving methods and exploring it in knowledge systems.

Effects of lead，cadmium，mercury chlorides and aquatic environmental samples on the growth of Escherichia coli

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The Existing Situation and Training about Maritime English Teachers in China

Based on analyzing the existing situation about Maritime English teachers in China, a qualified maritime English teacher must not only have the good English competence but also be familiar with the related maritime knowledge. In this paper, the author proposes some effective ways to improve the qualities of maritime English teachers.

Multimodal Approach to Teaching English in Higher Education

With the deepening of educational reform and the continuous development of the times,the traditional English teaching model has been difficult to meet the current society’s demand for requirements of English talents.Therefore,from the perspective of multi-mode,colleges and universities should recognize the shortcomings of traditional English teaching mode,and actively innovate and reform English teaching through various effective ways,so as to cultivate talents that meet the needs of social development.The author investigates and analyzes the multimodal theory and proposes an effective way to teach English in higher education under the multimodal vision.It is hoped that it will help to improve the quality of English language teaching in higher education institutions.

Research on How to Improve Students＇ English Writing Ability in CET-4

As a main international communication tool, English is becoming more and more important in China. Listening, speaking, reading, writing are the four basic skills of English. Nowadays, many college students fred that writing is the most difficult thing in their English study, especially in CET-4. With the hope of improving college student＇s writing ability, this paper aims to analyze some effective ways on how to improve students＇ writing ability.

子宫肌瘤不同手术方式对患者生理及心理影响分析

目的分析三种子宫切除方式对患者生理及心理的影响。方法将120例子宫肌瘤患者分为三组:子宫全切的45例患者为A 组,行筋膜内子宫切除的53例为B组,子宫次全切除的22例为C组(三组患者均保留双侧附件)。患者于术前、术后1个月、3个月测定性激素FSH、E2值,并于术前1周、术后3个月统一问卷随访,调查性生活及心理状况。结果三种术式术后性激素水平比较,差异无显著性,P>0.05;三种术式对患者性生活及心理影响差异有非常显著性,P<0.01。结论子宫肌瘤不同的手术方式对患者心理影响差别极大,而对卵巢功能影响不大。

Importance of Ideological and Political Education in Teaching Fine Arts Education in Higher Vocational Colleges

Ideological and political education is the fundamental way to implement the goal of establishing moral value and educating students in local higher vocational colleges.For teaching fine arts education in higher vocational colleges,ideological and political education is rationally taught to fully instill the thoughts contained in art disciplines.Political elements,organically integrates ideological and political education with academic art education to form an educational synergy and promote the professional and ideological growth of students.Based on the analysis of the importance of integrating ideological and political education in the teaching of fine arts in higher vocational colleges,this research proposes several implementation methods,hoping to provide help to promote the orderly development of national higher education.

THE LEARNER-CENTERED APPROACH——AN EFFECTIVE WAY TO DEVELOP STUDENTS'COMMUNICATIVE ABILITY

This paper will first focus on a brief evaluation ofthe teacher-centered and the learner-centered method-ologies.Then,it presents the practical ways of teach-ing based on the learner-centered approach in class-rooms to show how students’initiative is given fullplay.Finally,it presents the guidance from fellowstudents and teachers in group activitis.The purposeof the learner-centered approach is to develop students’communicative

COOPERATING,WITH COMPLICATIONS——The Shanghai Cooperation Organization still has a long way to go before it can operate effectively

On June 15,2001, the Declaration on the Establishment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization was signed, marking the formal launch of the regional organization. Its history can be traced back to 19% when Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan formed the Shanghai Five, later renamed the Shanghai Forum. After Uzbekistan joined, the forum changed