Formulation and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of Theaflavin Effervescent Tablet

Theaflavins(TFs),as the major polyphenolic components of fermented tea,possess beneficial effects on human health.In this study,the effervescent tablets based on theaflavins were developed.The optimal formulation of TF effervescent tablets was obtained by response surface methodology with the Box-Behnken design.Then,the physiochemical properties were evaluated,including hardness,friability,effervescent time and pH of the solution.At last,the antioxidant ability of TF effervescent tablets was studied through DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay.According to the results,the optimal formulation of the tablets contained TF powder 9.09%,disintegrating agent 43.80%(the weight ratio of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate was 1:1),aspartame 1.86%,PEG-6003%,and mannitol in balance.With the wet granulation method,the TF effervescent tablets displayed suitable hardness,fast disintegration time,good color,pleasant taste and high antioxidant activity.This study demonstrated that the TF effervescent tablets could be a valuable product for the supplement market and contribute to promoting practical application of TFs.

Simulation of Droplet-gas Flow in the Effervescent Atomization Spray with an Impinging Plate

Abstract A comprehensive three-dimensional model of droplet-gas flow was presented to study the evolution of spray in the effervescent atomization spray with an impinging plate. For gas phase, the N-S equation with the κ-ε turbulence model was solved, considering two-way coupling interaction between droplets and gas phase. Dispersed droplet phase is modeled as Lagrangian entities, accounting for the physics of droplet generation from primary and secondary breakup, droplet collision and coalescence, droplet momentum and heat transfer. The mean size and sta- tistical distribution of atomized droplets at various nozzle-to-plate distances were calculated. Some simulation resuits were compared well with experimental data. The results show that the existence of the impinging plate has a pronounced influence on the droplet mean size, size distribution and the droplet spatial distribution. The air-to-liquid ratio has obvious effects on the droplet size and distribution.

Study on Preparation Process of Effervescent Tablets Made from EGCG of Tea

[ Objectivel The study aimed to discuss the preparation process of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate （EGCG） effervescent tablets. [ Method] Various raw materials were dried for different time at 50℃, and then the sticking degree of EGCG effervescent tablets was reviewed. Hereafter, the formula of EGCG effervescent tablets was optimized by orthogonal test. [ Result] Effervescent tablets without sticking were smooth after being dried for 150 rain. The optimal formula of EGCG effervescent tablets was composed of 4% EGCG, 45% citric acid and sodium carbonate （Citric acid： Sodium carbonate = 1.6：1 ）, 20% lactose, 4% L-leucine, 4% sodium cyclamate and 23% orange powder. [Condusion] The prepared EGCG effervescent tablets without sticking has a good effervescence effect and taste.

Continuing Results for Effervescent Aerosol Salt Water Spray Nozzles Intended for Marine Cloud Brightening

Marine Cloud Brightening (MCB) by effervescent spray atomization of mixed sea water brine with air is a candidate for solar radiation management to compensate for global warming. We discovered that the flow from mixing tee nozzle described earlier had occasional unstable slug flow. A new design that adding rotational swirl to the salt brine as it is mixed into the air stabilized the nozzle flow and no longer showed slug flow in spray pictures. Flow equations were developed for the relatively low speed of sound of a choked flow mixed brine and air nozzle. Experimental mixed flow measurements with 300b pressure and a 200 μm diameter nozzle and calculations using perfect gas, and isotropic processes equations compared well with the chocked flow equations. Analysis in EXCEL of particle sizers measurements from both a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS) showed production of many nanometer sized particles estimated as usable for MCB. A small number of micron sized particles were also always present but with about 90% of the sprayed mass. This is a first report with good data over the complete size range. The micron sized particles measured were similar to the measurements of earlier reports which reported no nanometer sized particles. We hypothesize that many nano-particles are always produced by liquid-air effervescent sprays, but earlier, were not observed because SMPS instruments were not available. The presence of the large mass percentage of large particles in the spray may cause problems by evaporative cooling preventing the rise of the MCB particles. We suggest future systems design with an impactor filter to remove the large particles. Calculations combining increased brine concentration, lower pressure, and larger nozzle area showed that significant reductions in required power and number of nozzles could be realized. An EXCEL model is developed to calculate flow from experimental analysis equations and compare with mixed choked flow equations. Solving with the model predicted the power required and the number of nozzles required to produce 1015 particles/s. The model showed that increasing brine concentration strongly lowered total power. Lowering pressure decreased power and increased number of nozzles. Increasing nozzle area lowered the number of nozzles. This model predicted that, at 300b pressure and 200μm diameter nozzle as the experiment but using an increased brine concentration of 0.1 instead of 0.032 would require only 115 nozzles instead of 358 and power of 146 kw instead of 493 kw. Combining increased brine concentration, lower pressure, and larger nozzle area, the model predicted that with a 1 mm diameter nozzle at 30b pressure and salt concentration of 0.2, the nozzle count and power required would drop to only 24 nozzles and power of 28 kw. Whether extending the model to these conditions is valid is not known but suggests further development should be investigated. Filtering out and reusing the 90% or greater large particles mass sprayed combined with the lower power advantage of higher brine concentration is suggested for future systems.

The Study of Effervescent Tablet Processing Using Red Roses （Rosa damascena Mill） Pigments Extract

Rose is one of the farming products that used as an accessory plantation, which is also known to contain vitamin C and anthocyanins which can be used as an antioxidant. The purpose of this study is to identify the colour effect of flower through the quality effervescent tablet, to know the interaction between the flower colour and the sugar type through the quality effervescent rose tablet. This study was done with two steps. Step I was divided into 2 levels of examinations using simple random： Rose colouring, M1 （dark red） and M2 （pink）, while step II consisted of three levels of examinations, those were G 1 （sucrose）, G2 （dextrose）, and G3 （sorbitol）. The result showed that the dark red colour has a better extract pigment quality, the level of the light color （L） was 77.3 and the redness level （b＋） was 25.033. The best rose effervescent tablet was produced by the combination of M 1 G3 （dark red： corn sugar/sorbitol）, that has 8.179% of water content; the solute velocity was 0.029 g/sec; the lightness level （L） was 84.133, the redness level （a＋） was 18.3. The product of the rose effervescent drinks has a value of 6.46 pH; viscosities 342.867 cps and total of sugar 52.150%.

Numerical Simulation of Spray Characteristics of an Effervescent Atomizer

Using fluid dynamics software Fluent, the spray characteristics of an effervescent atomizer in a downstream flow field was simulated and analyzed, the results show that on the cross sections of the atomizer downstream flow field, the distribution of the atomized droplet size is small and mainly concentrated about Sauter mean diameter （ SMD）, and the distribution of the axial velocity is large, but mainly concentrated about the gas peak velocity in the closer nozzle axis area; the gas peak velocity of the atomized droplet increases, while the droplet SMD decreases with increase of the nozzle caliber and the air pressure; with the increase of the flow rate of cuttingfluid, the atomized droplet SMD increases, while the gas peak velocity rises first and then decreases, but the decrease trend is very small after the air pressure is more than 0. 4 MPa. The simulation results have significance in guiding for designing and applying the effervescent atomizer.

纳豆激酶粗提物泡腾片的制备及其质量评价

为开发功能性纳豆激酶粗提物泡腾片,本研究以感官评价为考察指标,采用单因素和Box-Behnken响应面试验对纳豆激酶粗提物泡腾片制备工艺进行了优化。结果表明:纳豆激酶粗提物泡腾片的最佳制备工艺为崩解剂比例(酸源碱源)1.2∶1、崩解剂添加量70%、纳豆激酶粗提物添加量15%、麦芽糊精添加量10%、甜菊糖苷添加量0.9%、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮添加量2.5%,聚乙二醇8000添加量2.5%。在此条件下,所制泡腾片片剂表面光滑、口感良好、具有纳豆激酶粗提物独特气味,感官评价分为92.5±0.012,纳豆激酶活力为(298.20±1.15)U/g,所有质量指标均符合中国药典规定。

基于气泡雾化喷嘴的低能耗含油污水处理实验研究

微气泡气浮技术在低能耗下对含油污水的高效处理是目前的研究热点。利用气泡雾化喷嘴作为微气泡发生器,搭建了低能耗微气泡射流气浮处理含油污水的实验系统,系统研究了气液质量流量比(ALR)和工作压力(p)对微气泡群尺度分布特征和除油效果的影响,并计算了气泡雾化喷嘴的能耗。实验结果表明,利用气泡雾化喷嘴形成液下射流可以产生大量微气泡,其中尺度小于150μm的气泡数量占比在55%以上、小于600μm的气泡数量占比在98%以上;随着ALR的增加,微气泡数量整体呈现先增后减的变化趋势,最佳ALR=0.15;当p=0.2 MPa、ALR=0.15时,微气泡群的索特尔平均直径可降低至238μm,出水含油质量浓度为29.73 mg/L,微气泡射流气浮装置处理1 kg含油污水时能耗仅为6.53×10^(-4) kW·h,较溶气气浮能耗降低35%以上。

水溶性基质对乙酰氨基酚泡腾栓的制备及质量控制

目的:制备对乙酰氨基酚泡腾栓并拟定质量控制标准。方法:采用正交试验法筛选泡腾栓处方,并制备对乙酰氨基酚泡腾栓。按《中国药典》通则栓剂项下的规定检查其性状外观、质量差异和融变时限等指标,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定泡腾栓对乙酰氨基酚含量。结果:对乙酰氨基酚泡腾栓为乳白色子弹型栓剂,质量差异、融变时限符合《中国药典》规定,最大发泡量>10 mL,对乙酰氨基酚含量为49.69 mg/g,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.6%(n=9)。结论:该泡腾栓制备工艺简单易行,质量控制方法稳定可靠。

药食同源复合泡腾片研究进展

泡腾片作为一种新型片剂,具有方便携带、崩解迅速、生物利用度高等特点。药食同源复合泡腾片结合了原料的食用和药用价值,兼具补充营养素和保健的功能。综述国内外药食同源复合泡腾片的功效作用及成分的优化配比,总结复合泡腾片的常用辅料、制备方法及质量评价指标,并展望药食同源复合泡腾片的发展前景。

小儿伤科泡腾颗粒中维持骨重塑稳态的生物活性分子筛选分析

目的:筛选小儿伤科泡腾颗粒中维持骨细胞骨重塑稳态的潜在中药质量标志物(Q-Marker)。方法:采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间串联质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)方法对不同提取基相、批次的小儿伤科泡腾颗粒常温提取液进行活性化学药物成分色谱、质谱解析。阳性对照采用伊班膦酸钠,绘制小儿伤科泡腾颗粒UPLC-Q-TOF-MS指纹图谱,结合SwissADME在线开源数据库对各成分主峰主要分子成分进行鉴定。筛选差异性分子图谱并与骨细胞Dickkopf相关蛋白1(DKK1)进行分子对接虚拟适配,以结合能<-15.0 kJ/mol为筛选条件,筛选小儿伤科泡腾颗粒治疗闭合性骨折的潜在Q-Marker。结果:对我院多批次小儿伤科泡腾颗粒原材料进行随机分布组合,共制备得到24批次小儿伤科泡腾颗粒样品,样品相似度分布区间0.901~0.976,有效成分具备一致性。小儿伤科泡腾颗粒总离子流图分析结果显示,共鉴定出18个共有峰,鉴别明确12种化合物:(+)-荷包牡丹碱、齐墩果酸、1182-94-1、赤霉素A4、白桦脂酸、植物甾醇、硫酸黄连碱、T25789、芍药新苷、二氢血根碱、人参皂苷Rh2、盐酸异黄连碱。其中,(+)-荷包牡丹碱、齐墩果酸、1182-94-1、硫酸黄连碱、T25789、芍药新苷、二氢血根碱、人参皂苷Rh2、盐酸异黄连碱9种化合物筛选作为小儿伤科泡腾颗粒的潜在Q-Marker。结论:(+)-荷包牡丹碱、齐墩果酸、1182-94-1、硫酸黄连碱、T25789、芍药新苷、二氢血根碱、人参皂苷Rh2、盐酸异黄连碱可能是小儿伤科泡腾颗粒维持骨细胞骨重塑稳态的主要活性成分,具备抑制DKK1活性并加速骨细胞重建的分子学潜能,可作为小儿伤科泡腾颗粒治疗闭合性骨折损伤的潜在Q-Marker。

枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片的配方优化及抗氧化活性研究

该研究优化枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片配方,并测评其质量及抗氧化能力,为枸杞叶的功能性开发和利用提供指导。以枸杞叶黄酮提取物为原料,半干式压片法制备枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片。以感官评分为指标,通过单因素、Plackett-Burman和Box-Behnken试验,优化泡腾片配方。通过测定枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片片重、硬度、崩解时间、发泡量、pH值、黄酮含量以及DPPH自由基、ABTS阳离子自由基、羟自由基(·OH)清除能力和铁还原能力,评价其质量与抗氧化能力。枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片最佳配方为:枸杞叶黄酮提取物6%(质量分数,下同)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1%、麦芽糊精25%、硬脂酸镁1.5%、甜菊糖苷0.9%、淀粉9%、微晶纤维素1.5%、崩解剂55.1%,m(柠檬酸)∶m(NaHCO3)为1∶0.6。最佳配方下制得枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片平均片重(408±11)mg,硬度(46.7±0.51)N,崩解时间(217.8±2.07)s,发泡量(5.01±0.49)mL,pH值4.80±0.004,黄酮含量(47.93±0.05)mg/g。枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片对DPPH自由基、ABTS阳离子自由基、·OH的半数清除率分别为0.77、2.01、1.10 mg/mL。质量浓度为5 mg/mL时,枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片对铁还原能力是维生素C的28.85%。枸杞叶黄酮泡腾片工艺稳定可行,具有较好的抗氧化性。

益智仁泡腾片制备工艺研究

以益智仁为加工原料,以泡腾片的崩解时限、脆碎度、发泡量等为评价指标,在单因素试验的基础上采用正交试验方法确定益智仁泡腾片加工工艺的最佳配方。结果表明,益智仁泡腾片加工工艺的最佳配方为益智仁粉10%、泡腾剂柠檬酸与碳酸氢钠总量45%(质量比为1.2∶1)、乳糖40%、甜菊糖苷2.25%、润滑剂PEG 6000添加量为3%、黏合剂90%乙醇,制得的泡腾片片面光滑、汤色澄清、崩解迅速,符合质量标准。

五指毛桃水提液制备泡腾片工艺优化

为研究五指毛桃泡腾片制备工艺,以水为溶剂,超声辅助提取五指毛桃中活性成分,采用高效液相色谱质谱联用技术(HPLC-MS/MS)测定提取物种类,通过单因素实验和正交试验优化五指毛桃泡腾片配方。结果表明,五指毛桃水提液检测到433种物质,种类最多的三种物质分别是羧酸及其衍生物(103种)、脂肪酰基(45种)和苯及其取代衍生物(36种)。主要活性成分糖类23种(含量6.71%),黄酮9种(含量0.22%),酚类16种(含量1.65%),香豆素类化合物5种(含量0.51‰),苯丙素类9种。五指毛桃泡腾片最佳制备工艺条件为:25%五指毛桃水提液干粉,50%崩解剂(柠檬酸与碳酸氢钠质量比为1:1.5),20%甘露醇,5%PEG-6000。此工艺条件下制得的五指毛桃泡腾片溶液呈棕黄色,且澄清透明,口感酸甜适口,对DPPH自由基的清除率IC50为1.65 mg/mL。五指毛桃水提液制备泡腾片含有丰富的活性成分且具备抗氧化活性。

锦灯笼果实泡腾片制备工艺研究

目的通过对处方组成和工艺进行优选制备锦灯笼果实泡腾片。方法以锦灯笼果实为原料,以甜菊糖苷、柠檬酸、碳酸氢钠、α-乳糖、聚乙二醇6000(PEG 6000)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为辅料,采用酸碱混合制粒的方法制备锦灯笼果实泡腾片。并在以锦灯笼果实提取物添加量、甜菊糖苷添加量、崩解剂添加量等为考查因素进行单因素试验的基础上,利用响应面试验优化设计锦灯笼果实泡腾片的制备工艺。结果锦灯笼果实提取物的添加量为30%,甜菊糖苷添加量为0.15%,崩解剂添加量为50%(酸碱比为1∶1)作为最佳工艺条件,在此条件下制得的泡腾片片剂完整,表面呈浅咖色,崩解速度快,口感好,具有锦灯笼香气,苦甜适宜。结论该泡腾片的处方及制备工艺合理。

茶多酚自组装纳米泡腾片的研制

为了探究茶多酚自组装泡腾片的最佳配方,研究以感官评价和崩解时限为指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验茶多酚泡腾片配方,在弱碱性条件下使茶多酚发生自组装反应,形成纳米化茶多酚,将其应用到产品开发中。实验结果表明,得到的最佳工艺配方按质量计为崩解剂添加量42.5%(酸碱比1∶0.8),茶多酚纳米粉添加量40.0%,蔗糖添加量1.5%、聚乙二醇6000添加量3%、食用盐添加量1%、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)添加量3.5%,其余为玉米淀粉。在该工艺制备得到的茶多酚泡腾片,表面光滑,外形完整,溶液所呈现均匀的浅褐色,茶香气味浓,持久性强,口感良好,体积小,重量轻、便于携带,使用方便,既保证茶多酚的营养功能,又赋予了泡腾片新的风味。通过单因素和正交试验茶多酚自组装纳米泡腾片进行了系统研究,为茶多酚泡腾片的新质加工提供了新的技术参考和指导。

彩麦麸皮戊聚糖泡腾片的制备及其降血糖活性评价

研究彩麦麸皮戊聚糖降糖效果、泡腾片制备配方及其降低人体餐后血糖的效果。结果表明:当彩麦麸皮戊聚糖质量浓度为10 mg/mL时,对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率为54.57%,对α-淀粉酶的抑制率为56.57%,IC_(50)分别为9.16、8.05 mg/mL;以泡腾片质量为基准,当彩麦麸皮戊聚糖添加量为20%、泡腾片崩解剂添加量为55%、碱酸质量比为1∶1.1时,泡腾片综合评分最高,为0.88;制备的泡腾片平均片重约为501 mg,每片戊聚糖含量约为56 mg,服用后餐后血糖高峰值降低率人均高达50.4%,最高达到69.6%,降低餐后血糖效果明显。

金蒲橘泡腾片喷雾干燥、成型工艺优化

目的优化金蒲橘泡腾片喷雾干燥、成型工艺。方法以浓缩液相对密度、进风温度、泵药速度为影响因素,出粉率为评价指标,正交试验结合反向传播人工神经网络(BP-ANN)优化喷雾干燥工艺。以浸膏粉用量、酸(无水柠檬酸)碱(碳酸氢钠)比例、酸碱总量为影响因素,感官评分、崩解时间、吸湿性、发泡量的综合评分为评价指标,正交试验结合层次分析(AHP)-熵权法优化成型工艺。结果最佳喷雾干燥工艺为浓缩液相对密度1.15,进风温度135℃,泵药速度15%,出粉率为84.63%。最佳成型工艺为浸膏粉用量20%,酸碱比例1∶0.9,酸碱总量75%,综合评分为93分。结论该方法稳定可行,可为金蒲橘泡腾片工业化生产奠定基础。

火麻仁多肽泡腾片的制备工艺优化

通过单因素分析和响应面试验来探究火麻仁多肽泡腾片制备的最优工艺及其质量标准评价.以综合评分为指标,考察辅料的配比与添加量,采用响应面法设计出最优方案.通过筛选最优方案为润滑剂添加量为4.58%、崩解剂添加量为43.35%、崩解剂配比为1.2∶1、矫味剂添加量为1.82%.并对火麻仁多肽泡腾片进行质量标准评价及初步稳定性考察,以多肽泡腾片的外观性状、硬度、崩解时限、pH值、脆碎度、微生物限度等作为检测指标.结果表明,均符合《中国药典》相关规定,具有良好的稳定性.通过单因素和响应面试验对火麻仁多肽进行了系统研究,为火麻仁多肽泡腾片制备提供了理论参考和指导.

辣木茶复合泡腾片制备工艺研究

通过单因素试验,探讨辣木茶粉、玫瑰花粉、金银花粉添加量和酸碱比对辣木茶复合泡腾片综合评分的影响,采用正交试验优化辣木茶复合泡腾片配方。结果表明,辣木茶复合泡腾片最优配方为辣木茶粉添加量5%、玫瑰花粉添加量3.5%、金银花粉添加量5%、酸碱比1.0∶1.0。本研究为进一步开发辣木保健茶产品提供了理论支撑。