Purpose： The purpose of the study was to ascertain the relationship between efficient medical services and Nigerian undergraduates＇ participation in sports. Methods and Materials： A randomly sampled population of 2...Purpose： The purpose of the study was to ascertain the relationship between efficient medical services and Nigerian undergraduates＇ participation in sports. Methods and Materials： A randomly sampled population of 280 students and 12 managerial staff of sport and medical units participated in the descriptive study. Responses to a validated questionnaire provided the source of data. A test-retest reliability coefficient （r） = 0.80. Data were analyzed with simple percentages and Chi-square at 〈 0.05 alpha level. Results： All the respondents in medical centre and sport unit oriented the students on the available medical services and facilities on campus： availability of first aid services, treatment services for complicated injuries （inpatient）, referral services for specialized care, financial support during hospitalization. Complementary results from the students showed that the majority of the respondents （50%） strongly agreed that medical centre was available in the Campus, and 36% strongly affirmed to availability of first aid services. Thirty four percent of the respondents strongly agreed to the availability of treatment services, while 40% of the respondent agreed to the availability of free medical services. The study revealed that there was a significant relationship between efficient medical services and students＇ participation in sports. Conclusion： All medical services were available but students perceive the services as inefficient which implies poor or non utilization.展开更多
Hong Kong has a long history with its high efficiency and clean and self-disciplined government.Within the past over 20 years,different social development trend has occurred in Hong Kong.The article observed the relat...Hong Kong has a long history with its high efficiency and clean and self-disciplined government.Within the past over 20 years,different social development trend has occurred in Hong Kong.The article observed the relationship between political trust from residence and public service efficiency of government in Hong Kong from 1992 to 2015 and found that the value of public service efficiency has a significant effect on political trust in Hong Kong government,the higher the efficiency of public services,the higher the political trust.The author tried to find the path for the Hong Kong government to improve its public service quality and efficiency after testifying the positive correlation between public service efficiency and residential political trust with empirical analysis.展开更多
Considering the important role the demand from manufacturing has played in the development of producer services,this paper analyzes the influence mechanism of manufacturing demand on producer services efficiency throu...Considering the important role the demand from manufacturing has played in the development of producer services,this paper analyzes the influence mechanism of manufacturing demand on producer services efficiency through two channels,which are the scale effect and innovation incentives.Meanwhile,the paper also evaluates the moderating effect of economic development level on the relationship between manufacturing demand and producer services efficiency.Based on the panel data of China’s manufacturing industry and producer services from 1995 to 2014,the empirical result shows that:(1)the demand from manufacturing was helpful to improve producer services efficiency,and compared with the labor-intensive manufacturing,the demand from capital-intensive manufacturing played a more important role in improving producer services efficiency;(2)at different stages of economic development,the promoting effect of manufacturing demand on producer services efficiency showed a nonlinear threshold effect rather than a simple linear effect,namely after crossing a certain threshold of economic development level,the promoting effect would be more significant.More specifically the threshold level faced by capital-intensive manufacturing industry was higher than that faced by labor-intensive manufacturing industry.These findings may be helpful for governments to make industrial development strategy.展开更多
Background： China began to implement the national medical and health system and public hospital reforms in 2009 and 2012, respectively. Anhui Province is one of the four pilot provinces, and the medical reform measur...Background： China began to implement the national medical and health system and public hospital reforms in 2009 and 2012, respectively. Anhui Province is one of the four pilot provinces, and the medical reform measures received wide attention nationwide. The effectiveness of the above reform needs to get attention. This study aimed to master the efficiency and productivity of county-level public hospitals based on the data envelopment analysis （DEA） model and Malmquist index in Anhui, China, and then provide improvement measures for the future hospital development. Methods： We chose 12 country-level hospitals based on geographical distribution and the economic development level inAnhui Province. Relevant data that were collected in the field and then sorted were provided by the administrative departments of the hospitals. DEA models were used to calculate the dynamic efficiency and Malmquist index factors for the 12 institutions. Results： During 2010-2015, the overall average relative service efficiency of 12 county-level public hospitals was 0.926, and the number of hospitals achieved an effective DEA for each year from 2010 to 2015 was 4, 6, 7, 7, 6, and 8, respectively, as measured using DEA. During this same period, the average overall production efficiency was 0.983, and the total productivity factor had declined. The overall production efficiency of five hospitals was 〉1, and the rest are 〈1 between 2010 and 2015. Conclusions： In 2010-2015, the relative service efficiency of 12 county-level public hospitals in Anhui Province showed a decreasing trend, and the service efficiency of each hospital changed. In the past 6 years, although some hospitals have been effective, the efficiency of the county-level public hospitals in Anhui Province has not improved significantly, and the total factor productivity has not been effectively improved. County-level public hospitals need to combine their own reality to find their own deficiencies.展开更多
This paper classifies capital into structure capital and equipment capital and uses the endogenous economic growth model to illustrate the role of capital-embodied technological change in economic growth. In addition,...This paper classifies capital into structure capital and equipment capital and uses the endogenous economic growth model to illustrate the role of capital-embodied technological change in economic growth. In addition, it adopts the capital quality index to adjust equipment capital stocks in order to examine the contribution to economic growth of capital- embodied technological change after adjusting for current capital service efficiency. The results show that embodied technological change （ETC） in equipment capital has an average annual growth rate of 4.78 percent, accounting for 10.6 percent of economic growth and 14.8 percent of the total capital contribution. The contribution of technological change varies with development stage and the contribution of different types of technological change varies. Compared with the 1980s, the period starting from the 1990s has seen a steady fall in the contribution of capital-embodied technological change, and a V-shaped evolution in the contribution of neutral technological change （NTC）, with the fall being larger than the rise.展开更多
文摘Purpose： The purpose of the study was to ascertain the relationship between efficient medical services and Nigerian undergraduates＇ participation in sports. Methods and Materials： A randomly sampled population of 280 students and 12 managerial staff of sport and medical units participated in the descriptive study. Responses to a validated questionnaire provided the source of data. A test-retest reliability coefficient （r） = 0.80. Data were analyzed with simple percentages and Chi-square at 〈 0.05 alpha level. Results： All the respondents in medical centre and sport unit oriented the students on the available medical services and facilities on campus： availability of first aid services, treatment services for complicated injuries （inpatient）, referral services for specialized care, financial support during hospitalization. Complementary results from the students showed that the majority of the respondents （50%） strongly agreed that medical centre was available in the Campus, and 36% strongly affirmed to availability of first aid services. Thirty four percent of the respondents strongly agreed to the availability of treatment services, while 40% of the respondent agreed to the availability of free medical services. The study revealed that there was a significant relationship between efficient medical services and students＇ participation in sports. Conclusion： All medical services were available but students perceive the services as inefficient which implies poor or non utilization.
基金Our article is a stage achievement of the Project of the 13th Five-year Plan of Education Science of Guangdong Province:“Path to Improve Governance Capacity of Pilot Zone of Shenzhen”(2020GXJK031)the Project of Philosophy&Social of Zhuhai City:“An Investigation on National Identity of University Students from Hong Kong and Macao in Zhuhai”(2019YC052).We appreciate the support from the projects.
文摘Hong Kong has a long history with its high efficiency and clean and self-disciplined government.Within the past over 20 years,different social development trend has occurred in Hong Kong.The article observed the relationship between political trust from residence and public service efficiency of government in Hong Kong from 1992 to 2015 and found that the value of public service efficiency has a significant effect on political trust in Hong Kong government,the higher the efficiency of public services,the higher the political trust.The author tried to find the path for the Hong Kong government to improve its public service quality and efficiency after testifying the positive correlation between public service efficiency and residential political trust with empirical analysis.
基金This paper is based on research sponsored by the following projects:National Social Science Fund“The Path Choice of Industrial Structure Transformation and Upgrading under the New Normal”(15CJl028)special funding from China Postdoctoral Science Fund“The Influence of Resource Mismatch between Manufacturing and Service Industry on China’s Non-Agricultural TFP”(2015T81010)general project of China Postdoctoral Science Fund“Resource Mismatch and China’s Industrial Total Factor Productivity”(2013M530417).
文摘Considering the important role the demand from manufacturing has played in the development of producer services,this paper analyzes the influence mechanism of manufacturing demand on producer services efficiency through two channels,which are the scale effect and innovation incentives.Meanwhile,the paper also evaluates the moderating effect of economic development level on the relationship between manufacturing demand and producer services efficiency.Based on the panel data of China’s manufacturing industry and producer services from 1995 to 2014,the empirical result shows that:(1)the demand from manufacturing was helpful to improve producer services efficiency,and compared with the labor-intensive manufacturing,the demand from capital-intensive manufacturing played a more important role in improving producer services efficiency;(2)at different stages of economic development,the promoting effect of manufacturing demand on producer services efficiency showed a nonlinear threshold effect rather than a simple linear effect,namely after crossing a certain threshold of economic development level,the promoting effect would be more significant.More specifically the threshold level faced by capital-intensive manufacturing industry was higher than that faced by labor-intensive manufacturing industry.These findings may be helpful for governments to make industrial development strategy.
基金This research＇was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 71473003）, and National Natural Science Foundation of China （71774001）.
文摘Background： China began to implement the national medical and health system and public hospital reforms in 2009 and 2012, respectively. Anhui Province is one of the four pilot provinces, and the medical reform measures received wide attention nationwide. The effectiveness of the above reform needs to get attention. This study aimed to master the efficiency and productivity of county-level public hospitals based on the data envelopment analysis （DEA） model and Malmquist index in Anhui, China, and then provide improvement measures for the future hospital development. Methods： We chose 12 country-level hospitals based on geographical distribution and the economic development level inAnhui Province. Relevant data that were collected in the field and then sorted were provided by the administrative departments of the hospitals. DEA models were used to calculate the dynamic efficiency and Malmquist index factors for the 12 institutions. Results： During 2010-2015, the overall average relative service efficiency of 12 county-level public hospitals was 0.926, and the number of hospitals achieved an effective DEA for each year from 2010 to 2015 was 4, 6, 7, 7, 6, and 8, respectively, as measured using DEA. During this same period, the average overall production efficiency was 0.983, and the total productivity factor had declined. The overall production efficiency of five hospitals was 〉1, and the rest are 〈1 between 2010 and 2015. Conclusions： In 2010-2015, the relative service efficiency of 12 county-level public hospitals in Anhui Province showed a decreasing trend, and the service efficiency of each hospital changed. In the past 6 years, although some hospitals have been effective, the efficiency of the county-level public hospitals in Anhui Province has not improved significantly, and the total factor productivity has not been effectively improved. County-level public hospitals need to combine their own reality to find their own deficiencies.
基金sponsored by the key project of the National Social Sciences Foundation (No.09AJY001)the youth projects of the National Social Sciences Foundation (No. 12CJY007 and No.10CJL011)
文摘This paper classifies capital into structure capital and equipment capital and uses the endogenous economic growth model to illustrate the role of capital-embodied technological change in economic growth. In addition, it adopts the capital quality index to adjust equipment capital stocks in order to examine the contribution to economic growth of capital- embodied technological change after adjusting for current capital service efficiency. The results show that embodied technological change （ETC） in equipment capital has an average annual growth rate of 4.78 percent, accounting for 10.6 percent of economic growth and 14.8 percent of the total capital contribution. The contribution of technological change varies with development stage and the contribution of different types of technological change varies. Compared with the 1980s, the period starting from the 1990s has seen a steady fall in the contribution of capital-embodied technological change, and a V-shaped evolution in the contribution of neutral technological change （NTC）, with the fall being larger than the rise.
