Turkey is an area where climate changes immediately, vegetation, or land gets different in a short distance. Geological and lithological features show diversity. Also, our country’s territorial existence and diversit...Turkey is an area where climate changes immediately, vegetation, or land gets different in a short distance. Geological and lithological features show diversity. Also, our country’s territorial existence and diversity also bring about different land use conditions. Therefore, land capability also differs from each other. Nevertheless, the classification of land capability used in Turkey is the classification of land capability for agricultural lands prepared by the United States (USA) in 1961. Due to this, [1] have made suggestion on a new classification of land capability considering our country’s geographical conditions. In this study, comparing the land capability with the classification carrying out in our country, the classification which Atalay and Gündüzoğlu suggested, has been aimed. Working method has been established according to regional approach and field observations have been done. In preparing the cartographical material, ArcGIS 10.3 has been used. The map of this study as a material topography, physical map, slope, aspect, the usage of the land, ground, geology, land capability, geomorphology, temperature, and precipitation has been examined, meteorological data have been appreciated. According to the findings attained, Eskişehir’s map of land capability has been done through the criteria of the suggestions of Atalay and Gündüzoğlu. As a result, it has been understood that there is a difference between the USA land capability that applied in Eskişehir and Atalay and Gündüzoğlu’s criteria. In the study, it is suggested to determine the land capabilities again considering the ecological conditions of Turkey.展开更多
Water resource management is critical to Turkey’s economy and environment. The country has about 112 billion m<sup>3</sup> per year of economically exploitable water. However, population growth, climate c...Water resource management is critical to Turkey’s economy and environment. The country has about 112 billion m<sup>3</sup> per year of economically exploitable water. However, population growth, climate change and pollution of water bodies are putting increasing pressure on these resources. In this context, understanding the contribution of water to the economy and environment is crucial for its conservation. To meet this need, the World Bank launched a program aiming at improving valuation and accounting systems of natural resources in Turkey. As part of this program, this article estimates in monetary terms the economic value of water in Bey?ehir Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Turkey. Valuation is based on the Total Economic Value concept, which includes use and non-use values. The results show that the economic value of water is about seven times higher than its financial value. In addition, the economic value of water allocated for municipal use (TL5/m<sup>3</sup>) is substantially greater than that supplied for irrigation (TL0.5/m<sup>3</sup>). The analysis suggests that allocation of water from Bey?ehir Lake among different uses is inefficient. To validate this conclusion and improve allocation, a more comprehensive assessment of the economic benefits of water resources is needed, particularly of water supply for irrigation, municipal use, recreation and biodiversity. The analysis also indicates that economic valuation can be a powerful tool to improve water management at the river basin level.展开更多
采用硫酸水解硫酸盐漂白针叶浆制备出纳米纤维素（NCC）,通过NCC胶状溶液中的NCC自组装制得了具有手性结构的纤维素薄膜,对NCC形貌、电位进行了分析,并对NCC溶液和固体薄膜中手性结构以及湿敏性能进行了研究。结果表明,NCC为表面带有少...采用硫酸水解硫酸盐漂白针叶浆制备出纳米纤维素（NCC）,通过NCC胶状溶液中的NCC自组装制得了具有手性结构的纤维素薄膜,对NCC形貌、电位进行了分析,并对NCC溶液和固体薄膜中手性结构以及湿敏性能进行了研究。结果表明,NCC为表面带有少量电荷（-22.07 m V）的纳米尺寸棒状结构（长150-250 nm,宽5-15 nm）,当胶状溶液中NCC的质量分数大于2.83%时,NCC组装形成各向异性的手性向列液晶相结构,偏光显微镜下可观察到明显的指纹织构;干燥成膜后,长程左旋手性结构保留。手性纤维素薄膜具有优良的湿敏性能,表面官能团以O-H为主,200℃以下热稳定性良好。展开更多
Dipyridyl-functionalized salan ligand （H2L） was synthesized to construct a mono- nuclear Cu（salan） complex, [CuL（CHaCN）2（H2O）6] （1）, through diffusion method. 1 was characterized by IR, microanalysis, TGA an...Dipyridyl-functionalized salan ligand （H2L） was synthesized to construct a mono- nuclear Cu（salan） complex, [CuL（CHaCN）2（H2O）6] （1）, through diffusion method. 1 was characterized by IR, microanalysis, TGA and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in orthorhombic space group P21212 with a = 17.6640（16）, b = 18.6750（16）, c = 16.0625（14） A, V = 5298.6（8） A3, Z = 4, Mr = 994.70, Dc = 1.247 g/cm3, F（000） = 2116,μ = 0.469 mm^-1, GOOF = 1.073, the final R = 0.0499 and wR = 0.1395 for 11816 observed reflections with 1 〉 2or（/）. In the title compound, the basic building unit consists of two mononuclear Cu（salan） which orient in opposite directions and are locked together via weak intermolecular C-H...π interactions. The adjacent building units are further directed into a 2D supramolecular network structure via H bonds, between which reside the guest acetonitrile and water molecules. In addition, the presence of exposed NH-functionalities and coordination unsaturated Cu centers in 1 provide a great chance to recognize tartaric acids through CD titration in solution.展开更多
文摘Turkey is an area where climate changes immediately, vegetation, or land gets different in a short distance. Geological and lithological features show diversity. Also, our country’s territorial existence and diversity also bring about different land use conditions. Therefore, land capability also differs from each other. Nevertheless, the classification of land capability used in Turkey is the classification of land capability for agricultural lands prepared by the United States (USA) in 1961. Due to this, [1] have made suggestion on a new classification of land capability considering our country’s geographical conditions. In this study, comparing the land capability with the classification carrying out in our country, the classification which Atalay and Gündüzoğlu suggested, has been aimed. Working method has been established according to regional approach and field observations have been done. In preparing the cartographical material, ArcGIS 10.3 has been used. The map of this study as a material topography, physical map, slope, aspect, the usage of the land, ground, geology, land capability, geomorphology, temperature, and precipitation has been examined, meteorological data have been appreciated. According to the findings attained, Eskişehir’s map of land capability has been done through the criteria of the suggestions of Atalay and Gündüzoğlu. As a result, it has been understood that there is a difference between the USA land capability that applied in Eskişehir and Atalay and Gündüzoğlu’s criteria. In the study, it is suggested to determine the land capabilities again considering the ecological conditions of Turkey.
文摘Water resource management is critical to Turkey’s economy and environment. The country has about 112 billion m<sup>3</sup> per year of economically exploitable water. However, population growth, climate change and pollution of water bodies are putting increasing pressure on these resources. In this context, understanding the contribution of water to the economy and environment is crucial for its conservation. To meet this need, the World Bank launched a program aiming at improving valuation and accounting systems of natural resources in Turkey. As part of this program, this article estimates in monetary terms the economic value of water in Bey?ehir Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Turkey. Valuation is based on the Total Economic Value concept, which includes use and non-use values. The results show that the economic value of water is about seven times higher than its financial value. In addition, the economic value of water allocated for municipal use (TL5/m<sup>3</sup>) is substantially greater than that supplied for irrigation (TL0.5/m<sup>3</sup>). The analysis suggests that allocation of water from Bey?ehir Lake among different uses is inefficient. To validate this conclusion and improve allocation, a more comprehensive assessment of the economic benefits of water resources is needed, particularly of water supply for irrigation, municipal use, recreation and biodiversity. The analysis also indicates that economic valuation can be a powerful tool to improve water management at the river basin level.
文摘采用硫酸水解硫酸盐漂白针叶浆制备出纳米纤维素（NCC）,通过NCC胶状溶液中的NCC自组装制得了具有手性结构的纤维素薄膜,对NCC形貌、电位进行了分析,并对NCC溶液和固体薄膜中手性结构以及湿敏性能进行了研究。结果表明,NCC为表面带有少量电荷（-22.07 m V）的纳米尺寸棒状结构（长150-250 nm,宽5-15 nm）,当胶状溶液中NCC的质量分数大于2.83%时,NCC组装形成各向异性的手性向列液晶相结构,偏光显微镜下可观察到明显的指纹织构;干燥成膜后,长程左旋手性结构保留。手性纤维素薄膜具有优良的湿敏性能,表面官能团以O-H为主,200℃以下热稳定性良好。
基金supported by NSFC-21025103 and 20971085"973" Programs (2007CB209701 and 2009CB930403)+1 种基金Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (10DJ1400100)the Key Project of State Education Ministry
文摘Dipyridyl-functionalized salan ligand （H2L） was synthesized to construct a mono- nuclear Cu（salan） complex, [CuL（CHaCN）2（H2O）6] （1）, through diffusion method. 1 was characterized by IR, microanalysis, TGA and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. It crystallizes in orthorhombic space group P21212 with a = 17.6640（16）, b = 18.6750（16）, c = 16.0625（14） A, V = 5298.6（8） A3, Z = 4, Mr = 994.70, Dc = 1.247 g/cm3, F（000） = 2116,μ = 0.469 mm^-1, GOOF = 1.073, the final R = 0.0499 and wR = 0.1395 for 11816 observed reflections with 1 〉 2or（/）. In the title compound, the basic building unit consists of two mononuclear Cu（salan） which orient in opposite directions and are locked together via weak intermolecular C-H...π interactions. The adjacent building units are further directed into a 2D supramolecular network structure via H bonds, between which reside the guest acetonitrile and water molecules. In addition, the presence of exposed NH-functionalities and coordination unsaturated Cu centers in 1 provide a great chance to recognize tartaric acids through CD titration in solution.
