The medial ulnar collateral ligament complex of the elbow, which is comprised of the anterior bundle [AB, more formally referred to as the medial ulnar collateral ligament(MUCL)], posterior(PB), and transverse ligamen...The medial ulnar collateral ligament complex of the elbow, which is comprised of the anterior bundle [AB, more formally referred to as the medial ulnar collateral ligament(MUCL)], posterior(PB), and transverse ligament, is commonly injured in overhead throwing athletes. Attenuation or rupture of the ligament results in valgus instability with variable clinical presentations. The AB or MUCL is the strongest component of the ligamentous complex and the primary restraint to valgus stress. It is also composed of two separate bands(anterior and posterior) that provide reciprocal function with the anterior band tight in extension, and the posterior band tight in flexion. In individuals who fail co-mprehensive non-operative treatment, surgical repair or reconstruction of the MUCL is commonly required to restore elbow function and stability. A comprehensive understanding of the anatomy and biomechanical properties of the MUCL is imperative to optimize reconstructive efforts, and to enhance clinical and radiographic outcomes. Our understanding of the native anatomy and biomechanics of the MUCL has evolved over time. The precise locations of the origin and insertion footprint centers guide surgeons in proper graft placement with relation to bony anatomic landmarks. In recent studies, the ulnar insertion of the MUCL is described as larger than previously thought, with the center of the footprint at varying distances relative to the ulnar ridge, joint line, or sublime tubercle. The purpose of this review is to consolidate and summarize the existing literature regarding the native anatomy, biomechanical, and clinical significance of the entire medial ulnar collateral ligament complex, including the MUCL(AB), PB, and transverse ligament.展开更多
Injury to the ulnar collateral ligament(UCL) most commonly occurs in the overhead throwing athlete. Knowledge surrounding UCL injury pathomechanics continues to improve, leading to better preventative treatment strate...Injury to the ulnar collateral ligament(UCL) most commonly occurs in the overhead throwing athlete. Knowledge surrounding UCL injury pathomechanics continues to improve, leading to better preventative treatment strategies and rehabilitation programs. Conservative treatment strategies for partial injuries, improved operative techniques for reconstruction in complete tears, adjunctive treatments, as well as structured sport specific rehabilitation programs including resistive exercises for the entire upper extremity kinetic chain are all important factors in allowing for a return to throwing in competitive environments. In this review, we explore each of these factors and provide recommendations based on the available literature to improve outcomes in UCL injuries in athletes.展开更多
目的探讨尺侧副韧带与桡骨头在肘关节稳定中的作用以及评价手术修复尺侧副韧带后的外翻稳定性。方法取12侧尸体上肢标本,制成骨-韧带标本,建立尺侧副韧带(M C L)损伤伴有或不伴有桡骨头(R H)骨折的模型,并随机分成:完整肘关节组、M C L...目的探讨尺侧副韧带与桡骨头在肘关节稳定中的作用以及评价手术修复尺侧副韧带后的外翻稳定性。方法取12侧尸体上肢标本,制成骨-韧带标本,建立尺侧副韧带(M C L)损伤伴有或不伴有桡骨头(R H)骨折的模型,并随机分成:完整肘关节组、M C L切断+R H完整组、R H切除+M C L切断组、R H切除组和M C L重建组。在肘关节屈曲0、30、60、90和120°时,测量前臂在施加2N m外翻力矩下的肘外翻松弛度。结果在肘关节不同屈曲角度,完整肘关节的外翻松弛度最小,R H切除时肘外翻松弛度增大,单纯M C L切断时肘外翻松弛度大于单纯R H切除(P<0.05),R H切除+M C L切断时肘外翻稳定性最差,M C L重建与完整M C L差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 M C L是对抗肘关节外翻不稳的主要结构,其次是R H。单纯R H骨折不能复位内固定时,R H切除是可行的;若合并M C L损伤时,可在有效修补M C L的同时作单纯R H切除,必要时行R H置换。展开更多
文摘The medial ulnar collateral ligament complex of the elbow, which is comprised of the anterior bundle [AB, more formally referred to as the medial ulnar collateral ligament(MUCL)], posterior(PB), and transverse ligament, is commonly injured in overhead throwing athletes. Attenuation or rupture of the ligament results in valgus instability with variable clinical presentations. The AB or MUCL is the strongest component of the ligamentous complex and the primary restraint to valgus stress. It is also composed of two separate bands(anterior and posterior) that provide reciprocal function with the anterior band tight in extension, and the posterior band tight in flexion. In individuals who fail co-mprehensive non-operative treatment, surgical repair or reconstruction of the MUCL is commonly required to restore elbow function and stability. A comprehensive understanding of the anatomy and biomechanical properties of the MUCL is imperative to optimize reconstructive efforts, and to enhance clinical and radiographic outcomes. Our understanding of the native anatomy and biomechanics of the MUCL has evolved over time. The precise locations of the origin and insertion footprint centers guide surgeons in proper graft placement with relation to bony anatomic landmarks. In recent studies, the ulnar insertion of the MUCL is described as larger than previously thought, with the center of the footprint at varying distances relative to the ulnar ridge, joint line, or sublime tubercle. The purpose of this review is to consolidate and summarize the existing literature regarding the native anatomy, biomechanical, and clinical significance of the entire medial ulnar collateral ligament complex, including the MUCL(AB), PB, and transverse ligament.
文摘Injury to the ulnar collateral ligament(UCL) most commonly occurs in the overhead throwing athlete. Knowledge surrounding UCL injury pathomechanics continues to improve, leading to better preventative treatment strategies and rehabilitation programs. Conservative treatment strategies for partial injuries, improved operative techniques for reconstruction in complete tears, adjunctive treatments, as well as structured sport specific rehabilitation programs including resistive exercises for the entire upper extremity kinetic chain are all important factors in allowing for a return to throwing in competitive environments. In this review, we explore each of these factors and provide recommendations based on the available literature to improve outcomes in UCL injuries in athletes.
文摘目的探讨尺侧副韧带与桡骨头在肘关节稳定中的作用以及评价手术修复尺侧副韧带后的外翻稳定性。方法取12侧尸体上肢标本,制成骨-韧带标本,建立尺侧副韧带(M C L)损伤伴有或不伴有桡骨头(R H)骨折的模型,并随机分成:完整肘关节组、M C L切断+R H完整组、R H切除+M C L切断组、R H切除组和M C L重建组。在肘关节屈曲0、30、60、90和120°时,测量前臂在施加2N m外翻力矩下的肘外翻松弛度。结果在肘关节不同屈曲角度,完整肘关节的外翻松弛度最小,R H切除时肘外翻松弛度增大,单纯M C L切断时肘外翻松弛度大于单纯R H切除(P<0.05),R H切除+M C L切断时肘外翻稳定性最差,M C L重建与完整M C L差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 M C L是对抗肘关节外翻不稳的主要结构,其次是R H。单纯R H骨折不能复位内固定时,R H切除是可行的;若合并M C L损伤时,可在有效修补M C L的同时作单纯R H切除,必要时行R H置换。
