Optimal design and applicability of electric power steering system for automotive platform

The ongoing need for better fuel economy and lower exhaust pollution of vehicles has increased the employment of electric power steering(EPS)in automotives.Optimal design of EPS for a product family reduces the development and fabrication costs significantly.In this paper,the TOPSIS method along with the NSGA-Ⅱis employed to find an optimum family of EPS for an automotive platform.A multi-objective optimization problem is defined considering road feel,steering portability,RMS of Ackerman error,and product family penalty function(PFPF)as the conflicting objective functions.The results for the single objective optimization problems and the ones for the multi-objective optimization problem,as well as two suggested trade-off design points are presented,compared and discussed.For the two suggested points,performance at one objective function is deteriorated by about 1%,while the commonality is increased by 20%–40%,which shows the effectiveness of the proposed method in first finding the non-dominated design points and then selecting the trade-off among the obtained points.The results indicate that the obtained trade-off points have superior performance within the product family with maximum number of common parts.

基于Design-Expert的电链锯锯齿结构参数优化

为提高电链锯的锯切效率,对电链锯锯齿的齿形结构参数进行研究,以单位锯切功为电链锯锯切效率的衡量指标,通过对电链锯锯切过程的仿真研究,得出不同结构锯齿的单位锯切功。以电链锯锯齿中的外形前角、侧刃楔角和顶刃楔角等结构参数作为影响因子,采用Box-Benhnken中心组合试验方法设计多因素正交试验,使用Design-expert软件进行数据分析得出最优齿形结构参数组合。研究结果表明,所选取的齿形结构参数对单位锯切功影响程度由大到小顺序依次为外形前角、侧刃楔角、顶刃楔角,并获得最优齿形结构参数组合,外形前角为10.92°、侧刃楔角为45.7°、顶刃楔角为45.41°。

Survey of Residential Air Conditioning Electricity Consumption in Shanghai

With proliferation of electric appliances, residential electricity consumption, in particular the air conditioning load becomes more and more important and shares higher and higher percentage in total consumption in large cities like Shanghai. The paper reports in detail the survey on characteristics of residential electric consumption, in particular the air conditioning consumption. To optimize power system operation and expand power market, the paper concludes that power industry must learn to investigate, open up and adapt itself to power market economy.

Method of Electric Powertrain Matching for Battery-powered Electric Cars

The current match method of electric powertrain still makes use of longitudinal dynamics, which can’t realize maximum capacity for on-board energy storage unit and can’t reach lowest equivalent fuel consumption as well. Another match method focuses on improving available space considering reasonable layout of vehicle to enlarge rated energy capacity for on-board energy storage unit, which can keep the longitudinal dynamics performance almost unchanged but can’t reach lowest fuel consumption. Considering the characteristics of driving motor, method of electric powertrain matching utilizing conventional longitudinal dynamics for driving system and cut-and-try method for energy storage system is proposed for passenger cars converted from traditional ones. Through combining the utilization of vehicle space which contributes to the on-board energy amount, vehicle longitudinal performance requirements, vehicle equivalent fuel consumption level, passive safety requirements and maximum driving range requirement together, a comprehensive optimal match method of electric powertrain for battery-powered electric vehicle is raised. In simulation, the vehicle model and match method is built in Matlab/simulink, and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) is chosen as a test condition. The simulation results show that 2.62% of regenerative energy and 2% of energy storage efficiency are increased relative to the traditional method. The research conclusions provide theoretical and practical solutions for electric powertrain matching for modern battery-powered electric vehicles especially for those converted from traditional ones, and further enhance dynamics of electric vehicles.

Design and Application of a Novel Wire Stripper

With the rapid development of the power industry,the work of the power electrician is becoming increasingly heavy,and the demand for improving work efficiency and reducing work intensity is becoming increasingly prominent.As one of the common tools of electric power,the design and application of wire stripper has an important influence on the efficiency and safety of electric power.This paper briefly analyzes the design and application of ceramic wire for electric power and electricians to provide a reference for the development of related fields.

Thermo-Dynamical Analysis on Electricity-Generation Subsystem of CAES Power Plant

Besides pumped hydropower, Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is the other solution for large energy storage capacity. It can balance fluctuations in supply and demand of electricity. CAES is essential part of smart power grids. Linked with the flow structure and dynamic characteristic of electricity generation subsystem and its components, a simulation model is proposed. Thermo-dynamical performance on off-design conditions have been analyzed with constant air mass flux and constant gas combustion temperature. Some simulation diagrams of curve are plotted too. The contrast of varied operation mode thermal performance is made between CAES power plant and simple gas turbine power plant.

Design of Power Communication Data Network Management System and Implementation of Data Acquisition Module

The power communication network is a separate network from the power grid whose primary purpose is to ensure the power grid's safe operation.This paper expounds the composition of the comprehensive network management architecture of the power communication data network and the implementation of the data acquisition module in the network management system through theoretical analysis,for the reference of relevant personnel,in order to better promote the collection of power grid communication network data.

基于电场耦合的电能信号并行传输系统串扰抑制方法

针对较大功率电场耦合无线电能传输系统信号双向高速传输的需求,该文提出一种基于部分能量通道的电能与信号并行传输系统的串扰抑制方法。通过对所提出的系统拓扑进行分析,给出了电能传输增益表达式与电能串扰增益表达式,并分析了阻波电路参数变化对电能串扰增益的影响;基于交流阻抗法及香农定理分别给出了信号传输增益及信道容量表达式,分析了信号支路参数对信道容量的影响;在综合考虑信号传输增益、信道容量及阻波电路参数敏感性的情况下,给出系统信号支路参数的设计方法。该方法能保证系统在较大功率下降低电能串扰,保障信号稳定传输,实现信号的双向高速传输。通过仿真与实验验证了所提出的拓扑和参数设计方法的有效性。搭建的实验装置实现了传输530.4 W的电能,23.28 Mbit/s信号正向传输速度和24.2428 Mbit/s信号反向传输速度。

新型电力系统中的规划运营与电力市场:研究进展与科研实践

“碳达峰、碳中和”战略目标下,能源结构清洁化—可再生能源并网比例不断提高、能源要素多元化—发输配用各环节海量灵活性资源接入两大趋势带来的挑战,对电力规划、调度运营、电力市场产生了重大影响。规划中如何综合考虑海量运行场景与多元化要素,运营中如何高效调度多样灵活性资源,市场如何设计机制激励主体提供灵活性,都是新型电力系统建设亟待解决的问题。该文从电力规划、调度运营、电力市场3个层面出发,对近年来新型电力系统中规划运营与电力市场的相关研究进展进行系统梳理,涵盖基础理论、机制设计、应用研究、系统研发等多类型研究文献。进一步从规划、调度、市场3个方面展望未来研究趋势,如新型要素接入下的电网韧性、电碳耦合调度理论与高效求解技术、辅助服务与容量市场交易品类、考虑储能等新型主体的市场交易机制等,以期为我国新型电力系统的建设提供有益参考。

一种立方星模块化电源系统的设计与在轨试验

立方星实用化发展对其电源系统提出了更高的要求,传统立方星电源的功率容量和扩展能力已难以满足遥感、通信等立方星应用的需求。该文针对此问题提出一种模块化电源系统的设计与研制方法:系统对外采用统一的结构、信息和功率接口,实现与卫星平台的松耦合;内部设计多种标准化的模块单元,通过模块数量的配置和堆叠结构,实现功率容量和配电通道灵活扩充,从而快速满足多样化任务立方星的供电需求。以中国青少年科普卫星八一03星为例,开展电源系统设计方法的验证与工程实现,研制周期缩短至两个月。在轨试验表明,所设计的模块化电源系统工作稳定可靠,能够适应百瓦量级以内不同载荷任务立方星的功率需求。

电场耦合式无线电能传输技术在航天领域应用前景展望

将无线电能传输技术引入航天器的旋转供电中是推动航天器进一步发展的重要手段。而现有应用最广的磁耦合式无线电能传输技术(inductive power transfer,IPT)因成本高、重量大、存在涡流损耗等缺陷而难以在航天领域中得到大规模应用。而电场耦合式无线电能传输技术(capacitive power transfer,CPT)以其成本低、重量轻等优点,近年来受到广泛关注,在航天领域具有巨大潜力。从传统IPT技术在航天领域应用的缺陷入手,分析将CPT技术引入航天领域无线供电场景的重要性。进而介绍了CPT技术的发展历程与基本原理,并对CPT技术在轻量化、大功率、旋转型三个领域的研究现状进行综述来论证其在航天领域应用的潜力。最后总结了CPT技术在航天领域应用存在的问题并分析了解决这些问题可行的技术手段。

矢量磁路及应用初探

磁路理论是电机、变压器等电磁设备的关键理论,为解决复杂电磁问题和优化电磁设备性能提供重要分析工具。该文首先追溯磁路理论的发展历程,介绍前人为完善磁路理论作出的有益探索,剖析其局限性和实际应用中所面临挑战。在此基础上,该文从磁路的基本物理属性出发,定义物理量磁感和虚拟磁容,建立包括磁阻、磁感和虚拟磁容3个核心磁路元件/参数的矢量磁路理论,表征磁路中磁化、涡流和磁滞3个基本属性,揭示虚拟磁功率与电功率间的内在联系,提出磁电功率定律,并与其他磁路理论、建模方法进行比较和分析,总结它们的联系和区别。为展示矢量磁路理论在科学与工程领域的价值,呈现4个实际应用案例。最后,对矢量磁路理论的特点进行总结,并对未来研究方向进行展望。

国外航天器电源与供配电标准体系综述

建设完备的航天器电源与供配电标准体系是提升航天器电源与供配电系统设计正确、确保卫星能源安全可靠的重要工具。本文通过研究欧洲空间标准化合作组织ECSS(European Cooperation for Space Standardization)、美国宇航局NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration)、日本宇宙航空研究开发机构JAXA(Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency)、国际标准化组织ISO(International Standard Organization)和美国航空航天学会AIAA(American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics)等国外组织出版的电源与供配电系统标准,分析各自标准专业的侧重点,综述国外标准所包含的内容,总结各组织的标准体系,并结合我国的实际情况,提出了航天器电源与供配电标准体系建议和参考。

电力火灾后圆端形不锈钢管混凝土柱轴压性能研究

进行了14根电力火灾后圆端形不锈钢管混凝土短柱的轴压试验,分析截面高宽比、受火时间和含钢率对其火灾后剩余承载力的影响。试验表明:该类短柱的破坏模态均为局部屈曲、焊缝开裂和混凝土被压碎;试件的剩余承载力随着受火时间或高宽比的增加而降低,受火120 min后该类试件的承载力降低了7.8%~13.9%。接着建立了有限元模型,该模型可很好地模拟实测结果。基于有限元模型开展了理论分析,结果表明初始荷载对该类组合柱的剩余承载力影响较小。参数分析表明当混凝土强度从30 MPa增加到90 MPa时,其强度折减系数降低了15.8%;当截面周长从1 228 mm增加到4 913 mm时,其强度折减系数提高了20.5%;当受火时间从0 min增加到180 min时,其强度折减系数降低了8%;但含钢率、高宽比和钢材强度对其强度折减的影响较小。最后给出了电力火灾后圆端形不锈钢管混凝土短柱的剩余承载力的设计方法。

多措并举推动电力企业对外设计咨询高质量发展

近年来,受应对气候变化、局部能源危机和地缘政治紧张等因素影响,全球能源绿色低碳转型目标不断提升,步伐进一步加快。基于全球能源转型与发展新形势,结合我国对外设计咨询“走出去”新特征,本文对电力企业对外设计咨询高质量发展存在问题进行了深入分析,并提出有针对性的对策建议。研究认为,我国电力企业应逐步实现从“市场创造”向“价值创造”的转型,通过夯实对外设计咨询专业基础、完善人才培养体系、开展功能性并购等方式,多措并举推动设计咨询行业高质量发展。