A facile electrochemical method for the synthesis of new sulfonamide derivatives of potential biological significance

The electrochemical synthesis of some new sulfonamide derivatives was carried out via the electrochemical oxidation of 2,3-dihydrophthalazine-l,4-dione （1） in the presence of arylsulfinic acids （2a and 2b） as nucleophiles. The results show that, the electrogenerated phthalazine-l,4-dione （lox） participates in a Michael type addition reaction with 2a or 2b and via an EC mechanism to produce the corresponding sulfonamide derivatives. This method provides a one-pot procedure for the synthesis of new sulfonamide derivatives of potential biological significance in good yields without using toxic reagents at a carbon electrode in an environmentally friendly manner.

Electrosynthesis of hydroquinonethioethers using electrochemical oxidation of hydroquinone in the presence of thiouracil derivatives

Electrochemical oxidation of hydroquinone（1a） has been studied in the presence of 6-methyl-2-thiouracil（3a） and 6-propyl-2-thiouracil（3b） as nucleophiles in a DMF/buffer mixture,using cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential coulometry.The results indicated that the p-quinone（2a） derived from 1a participates in a 1 4-Michael addition reaction with the thiouracil derivatives（3a–b） to form the corresponding hydroquinonethioether derivatives（6a–6b）.The electrosynthesis of these compounds（6a–b） has been successfully performed on carbon rod electrodes in an undivided cell in good yield and purity.

Electrodeposited transparent PEDOT for inverted perovskite solar cells:improved charge transport and catalytic performances

The acidic, corrosive effect of sodium polystyrene sulfonate(PSS) in poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:sodium polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS) limits the stability of inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs) based on the ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perovskite/PCBM/BCP/Ag structure. In this work, a poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene(PEDOT) hole transport layer(HTL) with high hole mobility and good catalytic performance was prepared by electrochemical cyclic voltammetry(CV) method for inverted PSCs. By controlling the CV cycles(from 1 to 5 cycles) and EDOT monomer solution concentration(from0.5 to 2.0 mmol·L^(-1)) of electrochemical deposition, the thickness, morphology, optical and electrochemical properties of PEDOT could be accurately adjusted. The optimal photovoltaic performance with current density(J_(sc)) of 22.19 mA·cm^(-2), open circuit voltage(V_(oc)) of 0.94 V, fill factor(FF) of 0.65 and photoelectric conversion efficiency of 13.56% was obtained when deposition of PEDOT with 1 CV cycle and EDOT concentration of 0.5 mmol·L^(-1). At this point, the perovskite showed good crystallization,optimal optical, charge transport and recombination performance, resulting in better V_(oc)and photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE) compared to the devices with higher CV cycle numbers and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene(EDOT) concentration. For comparison with spin-coated PEDOT:PSS, the device with electrodeposited PEDOT showed improved J_(sc)and comparable V_(oc), which may result from its better charge transport and catalytic ability.The device with spin-coated PEDOT:PSS showed photoelectric conversion efficiency of 12.25%, which was lower than that based on electrodeposited PEDOT(13.56%) with1 CV cycles and 0.5 mmol·L^(-1) EDOT concentration. And the device with electrodeposited PEDOT as HTLs showed more excellent air stability. In ambient air((32 ± 5) ℃ and RH: 70% ± 20%), it still maintained more than 80%of the initial photoelectric conversion efficiency after1000 h. In comparison, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device with PEDOT:PSS decreased to 20% of the initial value after storage for 500 h. From this study, a facial and low-cost way to prepare PEDOT HTL with high performances that better than the traditional PEDOT:PSS has been explored, which is expected to eliminate the acidic, corrosive effect of PSS in PEDOT:PSS.