Sliding wear behaviors of electrodeposited Ni composite coatings containing micrometer and nanometer Cr particles

Micrometer and nanometer Cr particles were co-deposited with Ni by electroplating from a nickel sulfate bath containing a certain content of Cr particles. Cr microparticles are in a size range of 1-5 μm and Cr nanoparticles have an average size of 40 nm. The friction and the wear performance of the co-deposited Ni-Cr composite coatings were comparatively evaluated by sliding against Si3N4 ceramic balls under non-lubricated conditions. It is found that the incorporation of Cr particles enhances the microhardness and wear resistance of Ni coatings. The wear resistance of Ni composite coating containing Cr nanoparticles is higher than that of the Ni composite coating containing Cr microparticles with a comparable Cr particle content. The co-deposition of smaller nanometer Cr particles with Ni effectively reduces the size of Ni crystals and significantly increases the hardness of the composite coatings due to grain-refinement strengthening and dispersion-strengthening,resulting in a significant improvement of wear resistance of the Ni-Cr nanocomposite coatings.

Friction and Wear Characteristics of Brush Plating Ni/nano-Al2O3 Composite Coating under Sand-Containing Oil

Ni-matrix composite coating containing AI2O3 nano-particles is prepared by brush plating. The effects of the nano-particles on the microstructure, microhardness and tribological properties of the composite coating under the lubrication of a diesel oil containing sand are investigated. The results show that the microstructure of the composite coating is finer than that of the pure nickel coating due to the codeposition of the nano-particles. When the nano-particle concentration in the electroplating bath reaches 20 g/L, the microhardness, and wear resistance of the composite coating is as much as 1.6 times and 1.3-2.5 times of those of the pure nickel coating respectively. The main hardening mechanism of the composite coating is superfine crystal grain strengthening and dispersion strengthening. The composite coating is characterized by scuffing as it slides against Si3N4 under the present test conditions.

Preparation of Ni-CNT composite coatings on aluminum substrate and its friction and wear behavior

Nickel-carbon nanotube(CNT) composite coatings with a Zn-Ni interlayer were prepared by electrodeposition technique on aluminum substrate. The effects of CNT concentration in plating bath on the volume fraction of CNTs in the deposits and the coating growth rate were investigated. The friction and wear behavior of the Ni-CNT composite coatings were examined using a pin-on-disk wear tester under dry sliding conditions at a sliding speed of 0.062 3 m/s and load range from 12 N to 150 N. Because of the reinforcement of CNTs in the composite coatings, at lower applied loads, the wear resistance was improved with increasing volume fraction of CNTs. Since cracking and peeling occur on the worn surface, the wear rates of composite coatings with high volume fraction of CNTs increase rapidly at higher applied loads. The friction coefficient of the composite coatings decreases with the increasing volume fraction of CNTs due to the reinforcement and self-lubrication of CNTs.

Preparation and tribological performance of electrodeposited Ni-TiB_2-Dy_2O_3 composite coatings

TiB2 and Dy2O3 were used as codeposited particles in the preparation of Ni-TiB2-Dy2O3 composite coatings to improve its performance. Ni-TiB2-Dy2O3 composite coatings were prepared by electrodeposition method with a nickel cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and hexadecylpyridinium bromide solution containing TiB2 and Dy2O3 particles. The content of codeposited TiB2 and Dy2O3 in the composite coatings was controlled by adding TiB2 and Dy2O3 particles of different concentrations into the solution, respectively. The effects of TiB2 and Dy2O3 content on microhardness, wear mass loss and friction coefficients of composite coatings were investigated. The composite coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer （ICP-AES） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） techniques. Ni-TiBE-Dy2O3 composite coatings showed higher microhardness, lower wear mass loss and friction coefficient compared with those of the pure Ni coating and Ni-TiB2 composite coatings. The wear mass loss of Ni-TiB2-Dy2O3 composite coatings was 9 and 1.57 times lower than that of the pure Ni coating and Ni-TiB2 composite coatings, respectively. The friction coefficient of pure Ni coating, Ni-TiB2 and Ni-TiB2-Dy2O3 composite coatings were 0.723, 0.815 and 0.619, respectively. Ni-TiBE-Dy2O3 composite coatings displayed the least friction coefficient among the three coatings. Dy2O3 particles in composite coatings might serve as a solid lubricant between contact surfaces to decrease the friction coefficient and abate the wear of the composite coatings. The loading-bearing capacity and the wear-reducing effect of the Dy2O3 particles were closely related to the content of Dy2O3 particles in the composite coatings.

CATHODIC PROCESS AND WEAR RESISTANCE OF ELECTRO-DEPOSITED RE-Ni-W-P-SiC COMPOSITE COATING

Cathodic deposition current density of the composite coatings increases when SiC par-ticles and rare earth (RE) were added in the bath, which is profitable for Ni- W-P alloy to deposit in the cathod, forming Ni-W-P-SiC and RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings. On the contrary, the addition of PTFE in the bath decreases cathodic deposition current density of the coatings. The current density increases a little when the amount of RE is 7-9g/l; however, the current density increases greatly when the amount of RE is increased to 11-13g/l. Bui ij the amount of RE is raised further, the current density decreases. Hardness and wear resistance of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coating have been studied, and the results show that the hardness and wear resistance of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coating increase with increasing heat treatment tempera-ture, which reach peak values at 400℃; while the hardness and wear resistance of the coating decrease with the rise of heat treated temperature continuously.

Structure and characteristics of electrodeposited RE-Ni-W-P-B_4C-PTFE composite coatings

Hardness, friction and wear characteristics of electrodeposited RE Ni W P B 4C PTFE composite coatings were studied, and the reason for these fine characteristics was explained in respect of structure. The results show that 1) the structure of RE Ni W P B 4C PTFE composite coatings experiences a transformation process from amorphous to mixture then to crystal as the heat treatment temperature rises; 2) incorporating of B 4C greatly increases the hardness of the coating; 3) the wear resistance of the coating is best with heat treatment for 1?h at 300?℃, which is greatly superior to that of the other traditional coatings.

Effect of Attapulgite Added in Plating Bath on the Properties of Ni/TiC Nano-composite Coatings

Pure copper plates were coated by Ni-TiC dipulse current plating method. The effects of adding different concentration（ranging from 0.5 g/L to 3.0 g/L） of attapulgite nano particles to the plating bath on the surface morphology, wear resistance, and oxidation resistance of Ni/TiC/Attapulgite nano-composite coatings were investigated. The experimental results show that the composite coating is flat and compact with adding 3.0 g/L in the bath, and the coating preferred orientation is changed from the planes（111） to（200）. The coefficient of the composite coatings decreases from 0.68 to 0.18 with increasing content of attapulgite in the bath, a mixed mode of adhesive-abrasive wear occurs for all coatings, and the wear mechanism shows a transition from adhesive-abrasive to predominantly abrasive wear mechanism when the concentration of attapulgite is beyond 1.5 g/L in electrolyte. The oxidation resistance of composite coatings is the best prepared when adding attapulgite particles at 0.5 g/L in the bath, the oxide mainly consists of a NiO phase by X-ray analysis.

SLM铝合金表面喷射电沉积Ni-MoS_(2)自润滑复合涂层

采用喷射电沉积在SLM铝合金表面制备Ni-MoS_(2)自润滑复合涂层。用摩擦磨损试验机评价镀液中MoS_(2)浓度对Ni-MoS_(2)自润滑复合涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:共沉积MoS_(2)微粒能有效降低Ni-MoS_(2)自润滑复合涂层的摩擦系数和磨损率。与纯Ni涂层相比,Ni-MoS_(2)自润滑复合涂层与316L钢球对磨的摩擦系数和磨损率显著降低,摩擦系数从0.51降至0.12,磨损率从0.41 mg/m降至0.11 mg/m,为SLM铝合金表面改善摩擦学性能提供了参考。

电沉积 Ni-PSZ 复合镀层摩擦磨损行为的研究

用沉降法在ＧＣｒ１８钢球表面制备了电沉积Ｎｉ－ＰＳＺ复合镀层，并且对镀层的摩擦磨损性能进行了试验研究，用扫描电子显微镜对其磨损表面进行了观察与分析，同时还就镀层的磨损机理作了探讨．结果表明：随着ＰＳＺ含量的增大，镀层的耐磨性提高，摩擦因数降低，但当镀层所含ＰＳＺ的体积分数达到３８．５％时，其耐磨性急剧降低；热处理能改善镀层的耐磨性，而且热处理温度愈高，耐磨性愈好，但对摩擦性能的影响甚微；随着环境温度的升高，镀层的耐磨性起初变差，当温度高于１５０℃之后，耐磨性又逐渐变好，摩擦性能也发生相应的变化；纯Ｎｉ镀层的磨损机理以粘着磨损为主，复合镀层的是以磨粒磨损为主，而经过热处理后则以磨合磨损为主．

超声波辅助铁基体电沉积Zn-Ni-P/纳米ZrO_(2)复合镀层及性能研究

通过电沉积并辅助超声波振荡在铁基体上制备出Zn-Ni-P/纳米ZrO_(2)复合镀层。研究了镀液中ZrO_(2)颗粒浓度对复合镀层中ZrO_(2)颗粒含量以及复合镀层表面形貌、相结构、硬度、耐磨性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:随着镀液中ZrO_(2)颗粒浓度从5 g/L增加至30 g/L,ZrO_(2)颗粒含量呈现先升高后降低趋势,复合镀层的形貌特征发生变化,导致硬度、耐磨性能和耐腐蚀性能存在差异,但不同复合镀层的相结构无明显差异,都含有单质Zn、Ni_(5)Zn_(21)和ZrO_(2)相。镀液中ZrO_(2)颗粒浓度为20 g/L时,复合镀层中ZrO_(2)颗粒含量达到10.43%,该复合镀层的晶粒细小且结合紧密,表现出良好的致密性,硬度达到503.5 HV,平均摩擦系数和磨损失重仅为0.48和3.42 mg,电荷转移电阻和低频端阻抗值分别达到6.34×10^(3)Ω·cm^(2)和6.84×10^(3)Ω·cm^(2),其性能与Zn-Ni-P合金镀层相比显著提高。适当增加镀液中ZrO_(2)颗粒浓度有利于提高复合镀层中ZrO_(2)颗粒含量,使复合镀层的晶粒明显细化且致密性改善,具有较强的阻碍局部塑性变形和承载能力,并且能有效抑制电化学腐蚀,从而表现出更好的性能。

Preparation and performance of electrodeposited Ni-TiB_2-Sm_2O_3 composite coatings

Sm2O3 and TiB2 were used as codeposited particles in electrodeposition Ni-TiB2-Sm2O3 composite coatings to improve its performance. Ni-TiB2-Sm2O3 composite coatings were electrodeposited in the nickel sulfate,hexadecylpyridinium bromide and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide solution containing TiB2 and Sm2O3 particles. The content of codeposited Sm2O3 in the composite coating was controlled by changing the concentrations of Sm2O3 particles in the solution. The composite coatings were characterized with X-ray diffraction(XRD) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer(ICP-AES) . The effects of Sm2O3 content on microhardness,wear weight loss and friction coefficient of composite coatings were investigated,respectively. The microhardness of the Ni-TiB2-Sm2O3 composite coatings was 19.35%,16.58%,2.03% higher than that of the Ni coating,Ni-Sm2O3 and Ni-TiB2 composite coatings,respectively. The wear weight loss of the Ni-TiB2-Sm2O3 composite coatings was 7,2.33,1.22 times lower than that of the Ni coating,Ni-Sm2O3 and Ni-TiB2 composite coatings,respectively. The friction coefficient of the Ni coating,Ni-Sm2O3,Ni-TiB2 and Ni-TiB2-Sm2O3 composite coatings were 0.712,0.649,0.850 and 0.788,respectively. The loading-bearing capacity and the wear-reducing effect of the Sm2O3 particles were closely related to the content of Sm2O3 particles in the composite coatings.

齿轮钢电沉积Ni-W/MoS_(2)自润滑复合镀层及性能研究

采用电沉积工艺在制造齿轮常用的40Cr钢表面制备掺杂MoS_(2)颗粒的Ni-W/MoS_(2)自润滑复合镀层,并研究MoS_(2)颗粒对复合镀层表面形貌、晶相结构、显微硬度和耐磨性能的影响。结果表明:Ni-W/MoS_(2)自润滑复合镀层完整覆盖40Cr钢表面,主要成分为Ni、W、Mo和S元素,存在4个Ni的衍射峰并且都呈现(220)晶面择优取向。镀液中MoS_(2)颗粒质量浓度变化导致镀层的晶粒形态及致密性显现出差异,MoS_(2)颗粒含量呈现先升高后降低趋势,造成显微硬度先增大后减小,耐磨性能先改善后变差。当镀液中MoS_(2)颗粒质量浓度为5 g/L,Ni-W/MoS_(2)复合镀层中MoS_(2)颗粒含量达到4.17%,形成条状与乳突状不同形态的晶粒,结合更紧密,其硬度达到607.5 HV,表面磨痕宽度仅为420μm,表现出良好的耐磨性能,能起到较理想的减摩作用,从而显著提高40Cr钢的耐磨性能。

电沉积方式对Ni-CeO_2纳米复合镀层摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用直流电沉积、脉冲电沉积和超声辅助脉冲电沉积制备Ni-CeO2纳米复合镀层,研究电沉积方式对纳米复合镀层表面形貌、显微硬度和摩擦磨损性能的影响,并用扫描电子显微镜分析其磨损机理。结果表明:电沉积方式对Ni-CeO2纳米复合镀层的晶粒尺寸和性能有较大影响;当超声波引入脉冲电沉积过程时,超声波的强力搅拌作用和超声空化效应能促进CeO2纳米颗粒在镀层中均匀分布,进一步减小镀层的晶粒尺寸,明显提高镀层的显微硬度,从而改善镀层的摩擦磨损性能;Ni-CeO2纳米复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能均优于纯Ni镀层的;而超声辅助脉冲电沉积制备的Ni-CeO2纳米复合镀层的晶粒更加细小、显微硬度最高,其摩擦因数最低,耐磨损性能最佳。

TA15合金表面Ni-SiC复合镀层的摩擦磨损性能

采用共沉积法在TA15合金表面制备了Ni-Si C复合镀层,分析了Ni-Si C复合镀层对基体合金硬度和磨擦磨损性能的影响,并对其摩擦磨损机制进行了讨论。结果表明:所制备的Ni-Si C复合镀层组织致密且与基体结合紧密,硬度明显高于TA15合金基体。摩擦磨损实验结果表明,Ni-Si C复合镀层能为TA15合金提供良好的摩擦磨损抗力,在相同的摩擦条件下,Ni-Si C复合镀层的磨损率明显低于TA15合金。TA15合金与GCr15球和Al2O3球对磨的磨损机制均主要为犁削磨损、粘着磨损,同时伴随有氧化磨损和轻微的磨粒磨损;Ni-Si C复合镀层与GCr15磨球对磨的磨损机制主要为镀层组织的拔出及GCr15钢球在其表面上的涂抹,与Al2O3磨球对磨时的磨损机制主要为疲劳磨损和削层磨损。

不同方式电沉积纳米TiN/Ni复合镀层的组织和耐磨损性能

采用直流电沉积、脉冲电沉积和超声-脉冲电沉积三种方式在45钢表面制备了纳米TiN/Ni复合镀层,分析了复合镀层的组织、显微硬度以及镀层中TiN的含量,并对复合镀层的耐磨损性能进行了研究。结果表明:直流电沉积复合镀层的晶粒最粗大,超声-脉冲电沉积复合镀层的晶粒尺寸最细小;直流电沉积复合镀层、脉冲电沉积复合镀层和超声-脉冲电沉积复合镀层的显微硬度以及镀层中TiN的含量依次增大;超声-脉冲电沉积复合镀层具有最佳的耐磨损性能,其磨损量为直流电沉积复合镀层的46%,显微硬度为604.72HV,镀层中TiN的质量分数为2.27%。

电沉积RE-Ni-W-P-SiC复合镀层的硬度与耐磨性研究

研究了RE Ni W P SiC复合镀层的硬度与耐磨性。结果表明 ,随着加热温度的提高 ,复合镀层的硬度和耐磨性增加 ,在 4 0 0°C时达峰值 ;温度继续升高 ,复合镀层硬度和耐磨性呈下降趋势。随着复合镀层中磷含量的增加 ,其耐磨性改善。在4 0 0°C热处理条件下 ,随着热处理时间的延长 ,复合镀层的硬度和耐磨性增加 ,当热处理时间达到 3h时 ,复合镀层硬度和耐磨性达到最佳值。随着镀液中SiC和钨酸钠浓度的增加 ,复合镀层的硬度和耐磨性均增强。

反应超音速火焰喷涂TiC-TiB_2-Ni涂层的组织性能

基于反应超音速火焰喷涂技术,以钛粉、炭化硼、石墨和镍粉为原材料,在45#钢基体上制备3种TiC-TiB2-Ni涂层,并对涂层组织与相关性能进行研究。结果表明:Ti-B4C-C-Ni粉末组元在喷涂过程中发生剧烈的放热反应,可以合成TiC-TiB2-Ni金属陶瓷涂层,Ti-B4C之间发生反应的趋势和剧烈程度明显大于Ti-C之间的;涂层中除主要组成相TiC,TiB2和Ni外,还含有一定量的Ti(C,N),TiO2,Ti2O3和NiO相;随着TiB2含量的减少,涂层中的气孔和夹杂物含量增多,显微硬度和结合强度逐渐降低,滑动磨损量明显升高,涂层耐磨性能下降;利用Ti-B4C-Ni材料组元制备的TiC-TiB2-Ni涂层的性能最优,涂层的滑动磨损失效形式主要表现为脆性剥落和犁削。

激光熔覆Ni-Co基合金复合涂层的组织与耐磨性

借助于光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、维氏硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机等研究了1Cr17Mn6Ni5N不锈钢表面激光熔覆Ni/Co基合金复合涂层的组织与干滑动摩擦磨损性能。结果表明：涂层材料由含35%WC的Ni基合金（Ni35WC）和一定量的Co基合金粉混合构成。激光熔覆Ni35WC＋30%Co基合金复合涂层硬度比单一的Ni基合金熔覆层的提高50~70 HV;复合涂层的干滑动摩擦磨损速率相比不锈钢基材的下降约51%,相比Ni基合金熔覆层的下降约25%。干滑动摩擦磨损抗力的提高被认为是固溶强化、细晶强化和硬质点化合物产生的弥散硬化共同作用的结果。

Ni-SiC脉冲电镀工艺对SiC共沉积量及镀层耐磨性的影响

采用脉冲电镀法制备了NiSiC复合镀层,考察了镀液中SiC质量浓度、脉冲平均电流密度、镀液pH值对复合镀层中SiC共沉积量及镀层耐磨性能的影响。结果表明:电镀工艺参数的改变影响镀层中SiC的共沉积量以及复合镀层的耐磨性。选择适当的工艺参数,可以制备出SiC共沉积量高、微粒弥散较均匀的耐磨复合镀层。复合镀层的抗磨性能不仅与硬质微粒的共沉积量有关,而且与微粒在镀层中分布的均匀性有很大关系,在共沉积量相同的情况下,微粒的分散性越好,镀层的抗磨损性能就越好。

Ni-P-多壁碳纳米管复合镀层的制备及摩擦磨损性能(英文)

采用湿式球磨对多壁碳纳米管（MWNTs）预处理，通过化学镀制备Ni-P-MWNTs复合镀层；对45钢、传统Ni-P镀层和Ni-P-MWNTs复合镀层在干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能进行考察和比较。结果表明，球磨后MWNTs长径比降低，长度均匀，且多数端部处于敞开状态。与45钢和Ni-P镀层相比，Ni-P-MWNTs复合镀层的减摩耐磨能力显著强化。当复合镀层中MWNTs的质量分数为0.74%~1.97%时，其摩擦因数和磨损率随MWNTs含量的增加而减少；对于MWNTs质量分数为1.97%的复合镀层，其摩擦因数和磨损率仅为0.08和6.22×10-15 m3/（N？m）。复合镀层优良的摩擦磨损性能归因于MWNTs优异的力学性能和自润滑特性。