To enhance the long-term corrosion resistance of the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)coating on the magnesium(Mg)alloy,an inorganic salt combined with corrosion inhibitors was used for posttreatment of the coating.I...To enhance the long-term corrosion resistance of the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)coating on the magnesium(Mg)alloy,an inorganic salt combined with corrosion inhibitors was used for posttreatment of the coating.In this study,the corrosion performance of PEO-coated AM50 Mg was significantly improved by loading sodium lauryl sulfonate(SDS)and sodium dodecyl benzene sulf-onate into Ba(NO_(3))_(2) post-sealing solutions.Scanning electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,and ultraviolet-visible analyses showed that the inhibitors enhanced the incorporation of BaO_(2) into PEO coatings.Electrochemical impedance showed that post-sealing in Ba(NO_(3))_(2)/SDS treatment enhanced corrosion resistance by three orders of magnitude.The total impedance value remained at 926Ω·cm^(2)after immersing in a 0.5wt%NaCl solution for 768 h.A salt spray test for 40 days did not show any obvious region of corrosion,proving excellent post-sealing by Ba(NO_(3))_(2)/SDS treatment.The corrosion resistance of the coating was enhanced through the synergistic effect of BaO2 pore sealing and SDS adsorption.展开更多
Selenium(Se),as an important quasi-metal element,has attracted much attention in the fields of thin-film solar cells,electrocatalysts and energy storage applications,due to its unique physical and chemical properties....Selenium(Se),as an important quasi-metal element,has attracted much attention in the fields of thin-film solar cells,electrocatalysts and energy storage applications,due to its unique physical and chemical properties.However,the electrochemical behavior of Se in different systems from electrolytic cell to battery are complex and not fully understood.In this article,we focus on the electrochemical processes of Se in aqueous solutions,molten salts and ionic liquid electrolytes,as well as the application of Se-containing materials in energy storage.Initially,the electrochemical behaviors of Se-containing species in different systems are comprehensively summarized to understand the complexity of the kinetic processes and guide the Se electrodeposition.Then,the relationship between the deposition conditions and resulting structure and morphology of electrodeposited Se is discussed,so as to regulate the morphology and composition of the products.Finally,the advanced energy storage applications of Se in thin-film solar cells and secondary batteries are reviewed,and the electrochemical reaction processes of Se are systematically comprehended in monovalent and multivalent metal-ion batteries.Based on understanding the fundamental electrochemistry mechanism,the future development directions of Se-containing materials are considered in view of the in-depth review of reaction kinetics and energy storage applications.展开更多
Scaling up clean hydrogen supply in the near future is critical to achieving China’s hydrogen development target.This study established an electrolytic hydrogen development mechanism considering the generation mix an...Scaling up clean hydrogen supply in the near future is critical to achieving China’s hydrogen development target.This study established an electrolytic hydrogen development mechanism considering the generation mix and operation optimization of power systems with access to hydrogen.Based on the incremental cost principle,we quantified the provincial and national clean hydrogen production cost performance levels in 2030.The results indicated that this mechanism could effectively reduce the production cost of clean hydrogen in most provinces,with a national average value of less than 2 USD·kg^(-1) at the 40-megaton hydrogen supply scale.Provincial cooperation via power transmission lines could further reduce the production cost to 1.72 USD·kg^(-1).However,performance is affected by the potential distribution of hydrogen demand.From the supply side,competitiveness of the mechanism is limited to clean hydrogen production,while from the demand side,it could help electrolytic hydrogen fulfil a more significant role.This study could provide a solution for the ambitious development of renewables and the hydrogen economy in China.展开更多
Ammonia allows storage and transport of hydrogen over long distances and is an attractive potential hydrogen carrier.Electrochemical decomposition has recently been used for the conversion of ammonia to hydrogen and i...Ammonia allows storage and transport of hydrogen over long distances and is an attractive potential hydrogen carrier.Electrochemical decomposition has recently been used for the conversion of ammonia to hydrogen and is regarded as a future technology for production of CO_(2)-free pure hydrogen.Herein,a heterostructural Pt-Ir dual-layer electrode is developed and shown to achieve successful long-term operation in an ammonia electrolyzer with an anion exchange membrane(AEM).This electrolyzer consisted of eight membra ne electrode assemblies(MEAs)with a total geometric area of 200 cm~2 on the anode side,which resulted in a hydrogen production rate of 25 L h~(-1).We observed the degradation in MEA performance attributed to changes in the anode catalyst layer during hydrogen production via ammonia electrolysis.Furthermore,we demonstrated the relationship between the ammonia oxidation reaction(AOR)and the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).展开更多
In the present research,the NaF assisted plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)is designed to fabricate the high-content ZnO nanoparti-cles doped coating on AZ31B alloy.The microstructure,phase constituents and corrosion ...In the present research,the NaF assisted plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)is designed to fabricate the high-content ZnO nanoparti-cles doped coating on AZ31B alloy.The microstructure,phase constituents and corrosion behavior of the PEO coatings are investigated systematically.The results reveal that the introduction of NaF promotes the formation of MgF2 nanophases in the passivation layer on Mg alloy,decreasing the breakdown voltage and discharge voltage.As a result,the continuous arcing caused by high discharge voltage is alleviated.With the increasing of NaF content,the Zn content in the PEO coating is enhanced and the pore size in the coating is decreased correspondingly.Due to the high-content ZnO doping,the PEO coating protected AZ31B alloy demonstrates the better corrosion resistance.Compared with the bare AZ31B alloy,the high-content ZnO doped PEO coated sample shows an increased corrosion potential from-1.465 V to-1.008 V,a decreased corrosion current density from 3.043×10^(-5) A·cm^(-2) to 3.960×10^(-8) A·cm^(-2) and an increased charge transfer resistance from 1.213×10^(2) ohm·cm^(2) to 2.598×10^(5) ohm·cm^(2).Besides,the high-content ZnO doped PEO coated sample also has the excellent corrosion resistance in salt solution,exhibiting no obvious corrosion after more than 2000 h neutral salt spraying and 28 days’immersion testing.The improved corrosion resistance can be ascribed to the relative uniform distribution of ZnO in PEO coating which can transform to Zn(OH)2 and form a continuous protective layer along the corrosion interface.展开更多
基金financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52071067)Shenyang Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program,China(No.RC231178)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China(No.2022-YGJC-16)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.N2302019).
文摘To enhance the long-term corrosion resistance of the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)coating on the magnesium(Mg)alloy,an inorganic salt combined with corrosion inhibitors was used for posttreatment of the coating.In this study,the corrosion performance of PEO-coated AM50 Mg was significantly improved by loading sodium lauryl sulfonate(SDS)and sodium dodecyl benzene sulf-onate into Ba(NO_(3))_(2) post-sealing solutions.Scanning electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,and ultraviolet-visible analyses showed that the inhibitors enhanced the incorporation of BaO_(2) into PEO coatings.Electrochemical impedance showed that post-sealing in Ba(NO_(3))_(2)/SDS treatment enhanced corrosion resistance by three orders of magnitude.The total impedance value remained at 926Ω·cm^(2)after immersing in a 0.5wt%NaCl solution for 768 h.A salt spray test for 40 days did not show any obvious region of corrosion,proving excellent post-sealing by Ba(NO_(3))_(2)/SDS treatment.The corrosion resistance of the coating was enhanced through the synergistic effect of BaO2 pore sealing and SDS adsorption.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(FRF-TP-19-079A1)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51804022,51725401)
文摘Selenium(Se),as an important quasi-metal element,has attracted much attention in the fields of thin-film solar cells,electrocatalysts and energy storage applications,due to its unique physical and chemical properties.However,the electrochemical behavior of Se in different systems from electrolytic cell to battery are complex and not fully understood.In this article,we focus on the electrochemical processes of Se in aqueous solutions,molten salts and ionic liquid electrolytes,as well as the application of Se-containing materials in energy storage.Initially,the electrochemical behaviors of Se-containing species in different systems are comprehensively summarized to understand the complexity of the kinetic processes and guide the Se electrodeposition.Then,the relationship between the deposition conditions and resulting structure and morphology of electrodeposited Se is discussed,so as to regulate the morphology and composition of the products.Finally,the advanced energy storage applications of Se in thin-film solar cells and secondary batteries are reviewed,and the electrochemical reaction processes of Se are systematically comprehended in monovalent and multivalent metal-ion batteries.Based on understanding the fundamental electrochemistry mechanism,the future development directions of Se-containing materials are considered in view of the in-depth review of reaction kinetics and energy storage applications.
基金support provided by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(52325703)Postdoctoral Innovation Talents Support Program(BX20220066)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M720709)State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control(SKLD23KM06).
文摘Scaling up clean hydrogen supply in the near future is critical to achieving China’s hydrogen development target.This study established an electrolytic hydrogen development mechanism considering the generation mix and operation optimization of power systems with access to hydrogen.Based on the incremental cost principle,we quantified the provincial and national clean hydrogen production cost performance levels in 2030.The results indicated that this mechanism could effectively reduce the production cost of clean hydrogen in most provinces,with a national average value of less than 2 USD·kg^(-1) at the 40-megaton hydrogen supply scale.Provincial cooperation via power transmission lines could further reduce the production cost to 1.72 USD·kg^(-1).However,performance is affected by the potential distribution of hydrogen demand.From the supply side,competitiveness of the mechanism is limited to clean hydrogen production,while from the demand side,it could help electrolytic hydrogen fulfil a more significant role.This study could provide a solution for the ambitious development of renewables and the hydrogen economy in China.
基金supported by the research program funded by the TKG Huchemssupported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)granted financial resources from the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy,Republic of Korea(20213030040590)supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(2021R1A5A1028138)。
文摘Ammonia allows storage and transport of hydrogen over long distances and is an attractive potential hydrogen carrier.Electrochemical decomposition has recently been used for the conversion of ammonia to hydrogen and is regarded as a future technology for production of CO_(2)-free pure hydrogen.Herein,a heterostructural Pt-Ir dual-layer electrode is developed and shown to achieve successful long-term operation in an ammonia electrolyzer with an anion exchange membrane(AEM).This electrolyzer consisted of eight membra ne electrode assemblies(MEAs)with a total geometric area of 200 cm~2 on the anode side,which resulted in a hydrogen production rate of 25 L h~(-1).We observed the degradation in MEA performance attributed to changes in the anode catalyst layer during hydrogen production via ammonia electrolysis.Furthermore,we demonstrated the relationship between the ammonia oxidation reaction(AOR)and the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).
基金supported by the 2022 Shenzhen sustainable supporting funds for colleges and universities(20220810143642004)Shenzhen Basic Research Project(JCYJ20200109144608205 and JCYJ20210324120001003)+5 种基金Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Research Startup Fund of Introducing Talent(No.1270110273)Shenzhen postdoctoral research fund project after outbound(No.2129933651)Shenzhen-Hong Kong Research and Development Fund(No.SGDX20201103095406024)City University of Hong Kong Strategic Research Grants(SRG)(Nos.7005264 and 7005505)Guangdong-Hong Kong Technology Cooperation Funding Scheme(TCFS)(No.GHP/085/18SZ)IER Foundation(IERF2020001 and IERF2019002).
文摘In the present research,the NaF assisted plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)is designed to fabricate the high-content ZnO nanoparti-cles doped coating on AZ31B alloy.The microstructure,phase constituents and corrosion behavior of the PEO coatings are investigated systematically.The results reveal that the introduction of NaF promotes the formation of MgF2 nanophases in the passivation layer on Mg alloy,decreasing the breakdown voltage and discharge voltage.As a result,the continuous arcing caused by high discharge voltage is alleviated.With the increasing of NaF content,the Zn content in the PEO coating is enhanced and the pore size in the coating is decreased correspondingly.Due to the high-content ZnO doping,the PEO coating protected AZ31B alloy demonstrates the better corrosion resistance.Compared with the bare AZ31B alloy,the high-content ZnO doped PEO coated sample shows an increased corrosion potential from-1.465 V to-1.008 V,a decreased corrosion current density from 3.043×10^(-5) A·cm^(-2) to 3.960×10^(-8) A·cm^(-2) and an increased charge transfer resistance from 1.213×10^(2) ohm·cm^(2) to 2.598×10^(5) ohm·cm^(2).Besides,the high-content ZnO doped PEO coated sample also has the excellent corrosion resistance in salt solution,exhibiting no obvious corrosion after more than 2000 h neutral salt spraying and 28 days’immersion testing.The improved corrosion resistance can be ascribed to the relative uniform distribution of ZnO in PEO coating which can transform to Zn(OH)2 and form a continuous protective layer along the corrosion interface.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52222510)Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province,China(No.2021ZLGX01)。
