The synchronous virtual machine uses inverter power to imitate the performance of the conventional synchronous machine.It also has the same inertia,damping,frequency,voltage regulation,and other external performance a...The synchronous virtual machine uses inverter power to imitate the performance of the conventional synchronous machine.It also has the same inertia,damping,frequency,voltage regulation,and other external performance as the generator.It is the key technology to realize new energy grid connections’stable and reliable operation.This project studies a dynamic simulation model of an extensive new energy power system based on the virtual synchronous motor.A new energy storage method is proposed.The mathematical energy storage model is established by combining the fixed rotor model of a synchronous virtual machine with the charge-discharge power,state of charge,operation efficiency,dead zone,and inverter constraint.The rapid conversion of energy storage devices absorbs the excess instantaneous kinetic energy caused by interference.The branch transient of the critical cut set in the system can be confined to a limited area.Thus,the virtual synchronizer’s kinetic and potential energy can be efficiently converted into an instantaneous state.The simulation of power system analysis software package(PSASP)verifies the correctness of the theory and algorithm in this paper.This paper provides a theoretical basis for improving the transient stability of new energy-connected power grids.展开更多
Block piezoelectric ceramics(PZTs)are often used in impact igniters to provide activation energy for electric initiators.Under the action of strong impact stress,PZTs release electric energy accompanied by crack initi...Block piezoelectric ceramics(PZTs)are often used in impact igniters to provide activation energy for electric initiators.Under the action of strong impact stress,PZTs release electric energy accompanied by crack initiation,propagation and crushing.At present,the electrical output performance of PZTs in projectile is usually calculated by quasi-static piezoelectric equation without considering the dynamic effect caused by strong impact and the influence of crack propagation on material properties.So the ignition parameters are always not accurately predicted.To tackle this,a PZT dynamic damage constitutive model considering crack propagation is established based on the dynamic impact test and the crack propagation theory of brittle materials.The model is then embedded into the ABAQUS subroutine and used to simulate the electromechanical response of the impact igniter during the impact of a small caliber projectile on the target.Meanwhile,the experiments of projectile with impact igniter impact on the target are carried out.The comparison between experimental and numerical simulation results show that the established dynamic damage model can effectively predict the dynamic electromechanical response of PZTs in the missile service environment.展开更多
This paper develops analytical electromechanical formulas to predict the mechanical deformation of ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) cantilever actuators under DC excitation voltages. In this research, IPMC samples...This paper develops analytical electromechanical formulas to predict the mechanical deformation of ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) cantilever actuators under DC excitation voltages. In this research, IPMC samples with Pt and Ag electrodes were manufactured, and the large nonlinear deformation and the effect of curvature on surface electrode resistance of the IPMC samples were investigated experimentally and theoretically. A distributed electrical model was modified for calculating the distribution of voltage along the bending actuator. Then an irreversible thermodynamic model that could predict the curvature of a unit part of an IPMC actuator is combined with the electrical model so that an analytical electromechanical model is developed. The electromechanical model is then validated against the experimental results obtained from Pt- and Ag-IPMC actuators under various excitation voltages. The good agreement between the electromechanical model and the actuators shows that the analytical electromechanical model can accurately describe the large nonlinear quasi-static deflection behavior of IPMC actuators.展开更多
This study presents an electromechanical engineering model for the analysis of the large deflection curves of ionic polymer-metal composite(IPMC)cantilever actuators under direct current(DC)voltages.In this paper,the ...This study presents an electromechanical engineering model for the analysis of the large deflection curves of ionic polymer-metal composite(IPMC)cantilever actuators under direct current(DC)voltages.In this paper,the longitudinal normal strain performance of the material was investigated using digital image correlation on a micro-scale.The deflection of the actuator is analytically obtained with the application of an elliptic integration method based on the relationship between strain gradient and excitation voltage,and the minimum excitation voltage is derived based on the assumption that the actuators have small deformations.The validity of the electromechanical model is then justified with the experimental results obtained from Pt-and Ag-IPMC actuators at various excitation voltages.The findings of this study confirm that the introduced electromechanical model can accurately describe the large nonlinear deflection behavior of IPMC actuators.展开更多
Due to the large quasi-piezoelectric d33 coefficient in the film thickness direction, cellular piezoelectret has emerged as a new kind of compliant electromechanical transducer materials. The macroscopic piezoelectric...Due to the large quasi-piezoelectric d33 coefficient in the film thickness direction, cellular piezoelectret has emerged as a new kind of compliant electromechanical transducer materials. The macroscopic piezoelectric effect of cellular piezoelectret is closely related to the void microstructures as well as the material constants of host polymer. Complex void microstmctures are usually encountered in the optimum design of cellular piezoelectret polymer film with ad- vanced piezoelectric properties. Analysis of the effective electromechanical properties is generally needed. This article presents an overview of the recent progress on theoretical models and numerical simulation for the effective electromechanical properties of cellular piezoelectret. Emphasis is placed on our own works of cellular piezoelectret published in past several years.展开更多
以所研制的涡激振动能量收集器(VIVPEHS)为研究对象,联合开源软件OpenFOAM和Matlab对大涡模拟(LES)方程、二阶范德波尔(Van der Pol’s)方程和高斯定律(Gauss’law)进行涡街振动俘能耦合计算,建立流机电耦合VIVPEHS数值模型,同时搭建并...以所研制的涡激振动能量收集器(VIVPEHS)为研究对象,联合开源软件OpenFOAM和Matlab对大涡模拟(LES)方程、二阶范德波尔(Van der Pol’s)方程和高斯定律(Gauss’law)进行涡街振动俘能耦合计算,建立流机电耦合VIVPEHS数值模型,同时搭建并列双圆柱VIVPEHS俘能测试平台对数值模型开展实验验证。结果表明:升/阻力、压电梁位移、机电转换效率和尾流形态的预测值与实验数据符合良好。实验和计算结果表明,当圆柱直径(D)不变时,随着俘能距离(Sn)的增加,输出电压先增大后减小,在S_(n)=8D时输出电压最大;随着负载阻抗的增大,输出功率先增大后减小,存在最优负载阻抗(25000Ω),此时并列双圆柱VIVPEHS的输出功率可达72 mW,且直接点亮21只商用LED。展开更多
目前,国内高压直流输电技术分为两类:一是基于ABB、南瑞技术路线的限幅型直流,二是基于SIEMENS、许继技术路线的选择型直流。前者已有成熟机电暂态仿真模型,而后者尚缺乏深入研究,通常以限幅型模型近似代替,仿真结果与实际尚有一定差距...目前,国内高压直流输电技术分为两类:一是基于ABB、南瑞技术路线的限幅型直流,二是基于SIEMENS、许继技术路线的选择型直流。前者已有成熟机电暂态仿真模型,而后者尚缺乏深入研究,通常以限幅型模型近似代替,仿真结果与实际尚有一定差距,难以满足电力系统安全稳定计算的需求。该文在总结直流输电系统机电暂态建模原则的基础上,建立了选择型直流的精细化模型;利用轨迹灵敏度筛选出需校核参数,提出了基于实测数据的关键参数校核方法;并在中国通用的电力系统暂态稳定程序(powersystem department power tools-swing transient,PSD-ST)中开发实现,最后利用厂家电磁暂态仿真结果验证了模型的正确性。该文成果可改善直流控制系统模型缺失、仿真能力受限问题,有效提升机电暂态仿真程序的仿真精度。展开更多
文摘The synchronous virtual machine uses inverter power to imitate the performance of the conventional synchronous machine.It also has the same inertia,damping,frequency,voltage regulation,and other external performance as the generator.It is the key technology to realize new energy grid connections’stable and reliable operation.This project studies a dynamic simulation model of an extensive new energy power system based on the virtual synchronous motor.A new energy storage method is proposed.The mathematical energy storage model is established by combining the fixed rotor model of a synchronous virtual machine with the charge-discharge power,state of charge,operation efficiency,dead zone,and inverter constraint.The rapid conversion of energy storage devices absorbs the excess instantaneous kinetic energy caused by interference.The branch transient of the critical cut set in the system can be confined to a limited area.Thus,the virtual synchronizer’s kinetic and potential energy can be efficiently converted into an instantaneous state.The simulation of power system analysis software package(PSASP)verifies the correctness of the theory and algorithm in this paper.This paper provides a theoretical basis for improving the transient stability of new energy-connected power grids.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12172232)the project of Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering(Ningbo University,China)+1 种基金Ministry of Education(CJ202206)supported by the scientific research support plan of introducing high-level talents from Shenyang Ligong University。
文摘Block piezoelectric ceramics(PZTs)are often used in impact igniters to provide activation energy for electric initiators.Under the action of strong impact stress,PZTs release electric energy accompanied by crack initiation,propagation and crushing.At present,the electrical output performance of PZTs in projectile is usually calculated by quasi-static piezoelectric equation without considering the dynamic effect caused by strong impact and the influence of crack propagation on material properties.So the ignition parameters are always not accurately predicted.To tackle this,a PZT dynamic damage constitutive model considering crack propagation is established based on the dynamic impact test and the crack propagation theory of brittle materials.The model is then embedded into the ABAQUS subroutine and used to simulate the electromechanical response of the impact igniter during the impact of a small caliber projectile on the target.Meanwhile,the experiments of projectile with impact igniter impact on the target are carried out.The comparison between experimental and numerical simulation results show that the established dynamic damage model can effectively predict the dynamic electromechanical response of PZTs in the missile service environment.
基金project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 11372132, 11502109)
文摘This paper develops analytical electromechanical formulas to predict the mechanical deformation of ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) cantilever actuators under DC excitation voltages. In this research, IPMC samples with Pt and Ag electrodes were manufactured, and the large nonlinear deformation and the effect of curvature on surface electrode resistance of the IPMC samples were investigated experimentally and theoretically. A distributed electrical model was modified for calculating the distribution of voltage along the bending actuator. Then an irreversible thermodynamic model that could predict the curvature of a unit part of an IPMC actuator is combined with the electrical model so that an analytical electromechanical model is developed. The electromechanical model is then validated against the experimental results obtained from Pt- and Ag-IPMC actuators under various excitation voltages. The good agreement between the electromechanical model and the actuators shows that the analytical electromechanical model can accurately describe the large nonlinear quasi-static deflection behavior of IPMC actuators.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 11372132 and 11502109).
文摘This study presents an electromechanical engineering model for the analysis of the large deflection curves of ionic polymer-metal composite(IPMC)cantilever actuators under direct current(DC)voltages.In this paper,the longitudinal normal strain performance of the material was investigated using digital image correlation on a micro-scale.The deflection of the actuator is analytically obtained with the application of an elliptic integration method based on the relationship between strain gradient and excitation voltage,and the minimum excitation voltage is derived based on the assumption that the actuators have small deformations.The validity of the electromechanical model is then justified with the experimental results obtained from Pt-and Ag-IPMC actuators at various excitation voltages.The findings of this study confirm that the introduced electromechanical model can accurately describe the large nonlinear deflection behavior of IPMC actuators.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11072179,11090334)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (B302)
文摘Due to the large quasi-piezoelectric d33 coefficient in the film thickness direction, cellular piezoelectret has emerged as a new kind of compliant electromechanical transducer materials. The macroscopic piezoelectric effect of cellular piezoelectret is closely related to the void microstructures as well as the material constants of host polymer. Complex void microstmctures are usually encountered in the optimum design of cellular piezoelectret polymer film with ad- vanced piezoelectric properties. Analysis of the effective electromechanical properties is generally needed. This article presents an overview of the recent progress on theoretical models and numerical simulation for the effective electromechanical properties of cellular piezoelectret. Emphasis is placed on our own works of cellular piezoelectret published in past several years.
文摘以所研制的涡激振动能量收集器(VIVPEHS)为研究对象,联合开源软件OpenFOAM和Matlab对大涡模拟(LES)方程、二阶范德波尔(Van der Pol’s)方程和高斯定律(Gauss’law)进行涡街振动俘能耦合计算,建立流机电耦合VIVPEHS数值模型,同时搭建并列双圆柱VIVPEHS俘能测试平台对数值模型开展实验验证。结果表明:升/阻力、压电梁位移、机电转换效率和尾流形态的预测值与实验数据符合良好。实验和计算结果表明,当圆柱直径(D)不变时,随着俘能距离(Sn)的增加,输出电压先增大后减小,在S_(n)=8D时输出电压最大;随着负载阻抗的增大,输出功率先增大后减小,存在最优负载阻抗(25000Ω),此时并列双圆柱VIVPEHS的输出功率可达72 mW,且直接点亮21只商用LED。
文摘目前,国内高压直流输电技术分为两类:一是基于ABB、南瑞技术路线的限幅型直流,二是基于SIEMENS、许继技术路线的选择型直流。前者已有成熟机电暂态仿真模型,而后者尚缺乏深入研究,通常以限幅型模型近似代替,仿真结果与实际尚有一定差距,难以满足电力系统安全稳定计算的需求。该文在总结直流输电系统机电暂态建模原则的基础上,建立了选择型直流的精细化模型;利用轨迹灵敏度筛选出需校核参数,提出了基于实测数据的关键参数校核方法;并在中国通用的电力系统暂态稳定程序(powersystem department power tools-swing transient,PSD-ST)中开发实现,最后利用厂家电磁暂态仿真结果验证了模型的正确性。该文成果可改善直流控制系统模型缺失、仿真能力受限问题,有效提升机电暂态仿真程序的仿真精度。