Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury level.However,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these...Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury level.However,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these muscles may not effectively engage any of the remaining neurons in the descending pathway.A previous study unexpectedly found that a brief clinical round of passive activity significantly increased volitional muscle activation,as measured by surface electromyography.In this study,we further explored the effect of passive activity on surface electromyographic signals during volitional control tasks among individuals with complete spinal cord injury.Eleven patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury were recruited.Surface electromyography data from eight major leg muscles were acquired and compared before and after the passive activity protocol.The results indicated that the passive activity led to an increased number of activated volitional muscles and an increased frequency of activation.Although the cumulative root mean square of surface electromyography amplitude for volitional control of movement showed a slight increase after passive activity,the difference was not statistically significant.These findings suggest that brief passive activity may enhance the ability to initiate volitional muscle activity during surface electromyography tasks and underscore the potential of passive activity for improving residual motor control among patients with motor complete spinal cord injury.展开更多
BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is the most malignant type of lung cancer.Even in the latent period and early stage of the tumor,SCLC is prone to produce distant metastases with complex and diverse clinical man...BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is the most malignant type of lung cancer.Even in the latent period and early stage of the tumor,SCLC is prone to produce distant metastases with complex and diverse clinical manifestations.SCLC is most closely related to paraneoplastic syndrome,and some cases present as paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathy(PPN).PPN in SCLC appears early,lacks specificity,and often occurs before diagnosis of the primary tumor.It is easy to be misdiagnosed as a primary disease of the nervous system,leading to missed diagnosis and delayed diagnosis and treatment.CASE SUMMARY This paper reports two cases of SCLC with limb weakness as the first symptom.The first symptoms of one patient were rash,limb weakness,and abnormal electromyography.The patient was repeatedly referred to the hospital for limb weakness and rash for>1 year,during which time,treatment with hormones and immunosuppressants did not lead to significant improvement,and the condition gradually aggravated.The patient was later diagnosed with SCLC,and the dyskinesia did not worsen as the dermatomyositis improved after antineoplastic and hormone therapy.The second case presented with limb numbness and weakness as the first symptom,but the patient did not pay attention to it.Later,the patient was diagnosed with SCLC after facial edema caused by tumor thrombus invading the vein.However,he was diagnosed with extensive SCLC and died 1 year after diagnosis.CONCLUSION The two cases had PPN and abnormal electromyography,highlighting its correlation with early clinical indicators of SCLC.展开更多
The existing research of steering efficiency mainly focuses on the mechanism efficiency of steering system, aiming at designing and optimizing the mechanism of steering system. In the development of assist steering sy...The existing research of steering efficiency mainly focuses on the mechanism efficiency of steering system, aiming at designing and optimizing the mechanism of steering system. In the development of assist steering system especially the evaluation of its comfort, the steering efficiency of driver physiological output usually are not considered, because this physiological output is difficult to measure or to estimate, and the objective evaluation of steering comfort therefore cannot be conducted with movement efficiency perspective. In order to take a further step to the objective evaluation of steering comfort, an estimating method for the steering efficiency of the driver was developed based on the research of the relationship between the steering force and muscle activity. First, the steering forces in the steering wheel plane and the electromyography （EMG） signals of the primary muscles were measured. These primary muscles are the muscles in shoulder and upper ann which mainly produced the steering torque, and their functions in steering maneuver were identified previously. Next, based on the multiple regressions of the steering force and EMG signals, both the effective steering force and the total force capacity of driver in steering maneuver were calculated. Finally, the steering efficiency of driver was estimated by means of the estimated effective force and the total force capacity, which represented the information of driver physiological output of the primary muscles. This research develops a novel estimating method for driver steering efficiency of driver physiological output, including the estimation of both steering force and the force capacity of primary muscles with EMG signals, and will benefit to evaluate the steering comfort with an objective perspective.展开更多
目的观察“揣穴促通”电针法治疗面神经炎的近期与远期疗效。方法将80例面神经炎患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。两组均予基础治疗,对照组于发病第7天采用传统电针分期治疗,观察组根据发病第7天表面肌电图检查结果判断神经受损...目的观察“揣穴促通”电针法治疗面神经炎的近期与远期疗效。方法将80例面神经炎患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。两组均予基础治疗,对照组于发病第7天采用传统电针分期治疗,观察组根据发病第7天表面肌电图检查结果判断神经受损程度进行“揣穴促通”电针分期治疗。在发病第7天、30天、60天、90天对患者进行自拟症状评分量表、多伦多面神经评定系统(Sunnybrook facial grading system,SFGS)、面部残疾指数躯体功能(facial disability index physical function,FDIP)和面部残疾指数社会功能(facial disability index social function,FDIS)进行评分。在发病第7天、30天观察表面肌电图[面神经分支混合肌肉动作电位(compound muscle action potential,CMAP)振幅、F数据与曲线、瞬目反射]变化;在发病90天,比较两组临床疗效及后遗症情况。结果两组治疗后各时间点自拟症状评分量表、SFGS、FDIP和FDIS评分与发病第7天比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组发病第30天FDIP评分高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组发病第90天SFGS评分高于对照组,FDIS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组发病第90天与发病第7天FDIS评分的差值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗后表面肌电图数据均优于治疗前(P<0.05),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组痊愈率为95.0%,对照组痊愈率为65.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组后遗症发生率为2.5%,对照组后遗症发生率为17.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在基础治疗的基础上,“揣穴促通”电针法较传统电针法治疗面神经炎疗效更佳,能显著改善患者的近期躯体功能和后期社会生活功能。展开更多
The objective of this study was to explore whether there was a functional link between trigeminal proprioception and the oculomotor system mediated through jaw muscle afferents.Electromyography（EMG） was undertaken o...The objective of this study was to explore whether there was a functional link between trigeminal proprioception and the oculomotor system mediated through jaw muscle afferents.Electromyography（EMG） was undertaken of the levator palpebrae（LP） and superior rectus（SR）,and Fos expression was detected in the brainstem following consecutive down-stretching of the lower jaw at 2-4 Hz in rats.Retrograde tracing was undertaken of the interstitial nucleus of Cajal and Darkschewitsch nucleus（INC/DN） pre-oculomotor neurons.FMG-like responses were recorded from the LP/SR during down-stretching of the lower jaw at 2-4 Hz in 3 out of 11 rats.Fos expression was induced by consecutive down-stretching of the lower jaw at 2-4 Hz for 20-30 seconds.Interestingly,Fos expression was distributed mainly in the bilateral INC/DN area.We also examined Fos-like immunoreactivity in central mesencephalic and paramedian pontine reticular formation that harbors premotor neurons controlling horizontal eye movement,but no Fos-like staining was observed therein.By injection of retrograde tracers into the oculomotor nucleus combined with Fos immunostaining,double labeled pre-oculomotor neurons were visualized to distribute in the INC/DN.In conclusions,there may exist a trigeminal proprioceptive-oculomotor system neural circuit through jaw muscle afferents in rats.Judging from Fos distribution pattern,this pathway might be related to vertical and torsional eye movements.展开更多
Recently, it has been demonstrated that hypertrophic training with CLU （cluster） sets produces greater strength and power following a 12-week periodized program. The results suggest possible differences in neuromusc...Recently, it has been demonstrated that hypertrophic training with CLU （cluster） sets produces greater strength and power following a 12-week periodized program. The results suggest possible differences in neuromuscular adaptations. Therefore, we sought to compare the acute effect of TRD （traditional） and CLU set configurations during the parallel back squat on mean power output and integrated EMG （electromyography） activity of the VL （vastus lateralis） and BF （biceps femoris）. Ten males （23 ~ 2.4 years; height 182.9 ~ 6.1 cm; weight 86.2 ~ 4.2 kg; 5 ~ 2 years training） performed the parallel back squat using TRD and CLU with 75% 1RM （one-repetition maximum） in a randomized crossover design. Data was analyzed by a repeated measures--ANOVA （analysis of variance）. A significant effect of set （P = 0.006） was observed in mean power output. Mean power output decreased over each successive set when collapsed for condition. Clusters resulted in greater mean power output during latter repetitions of each set （repetition 4, 6-10; P 〈 0.05）. A significant effect of set （P = 0.049） was observed in VL EMG. VL EMG increased over each successive set when collapsed for condition. TRD training produced significantly greater VL EMG during latter repetitions of each set （repetition 6-8; P 〈 0.05）. An interaction was observed in BF EMG. No significant differences were observed in post-hoc. Thus, cluster sets can be used to achieve greater power output, but greater neuromuscular activity should not be expected relative to traditional training.展开更多
An enhanced algorithm is proposed to recognize multi-channel electromyography(EMG) patterns using deep belief networks(DBNs). It is difficult to classify the EMG features because an EMG signal has nonlinear and time-v...An enhanced algorithm is proposed to recognize multi-channel electromyography(EMG) patterns using deep belief networks(DBNs). It is difficult to classify the EMG features because an EMG signal has nonlinear and time-varying characteristics.Therefore, in several previous studies, various machine-learning methods have been applied. A DBN is a fast, greedy learning algorithm that can find a fairly good set of weights rapidly, even in deep networks with a large number of parameters and many hidden layers. To evaluate this model, we acquired EMG signals, extracted their features, and then compared the model with the DBN and other conventional classifiers. The accuracy of the DBN is higher than that of the other algorithms. The classification performance of the DBN model designed is approximately 88.60%. It is 7.55%(p=9.82×10-12) higher than linear discriminant analysis(LDA) and 2.89%(p=1.94×10-5) higher than support vector machine(SVM). Further, the DBN is better than shallow learning algorithms or back propagation(BP), and this model is effective for an EMG-based user-interfaced system.展开更多
Voluntary participation of hemiplegic patients is crucial for functional electrical stimulation therapy.A wearable functional electrical stimulation system has been proposed for real-time volitional hand motor functio...Voluntary participation of hemiplegic patients is crucial for functional electrical stimulation therapy.A wearable functional electrical stimulation system has been proposed for real-time volitional hand motor function control using the electromyography bridge method.Through a series of novel design concepts,including the integration of a detecting circuit and an analog-to-digital converter,a miniaturized functional electrical stimulation circuit technique,a low-power super-regeneration chip for wireless receiving,and two wearable armbands,a prototype system has been established with reduced size,power,and overall cost.Based on wrist joint torque reproduction and classification experiments performed on six healthy subjects,the optimized surface electromyography thresholds and trained logistic regression classifier parameters were statistically chosen to establish wrist and hand motion control with high accuracy.Test results showed that wrist flexion/extension,hand grasp,and finger extension could be reproduced with high accuracy and low latency.This system can build a bridge of information transmission between healthy limbs and paralyzed limbs,effectively improve voluntary participation of hemiplegic patients,and elevate efficiency of rehabilitation training.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Welfare Research Institute,No.2020CZ-5(to WS and GS)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31970970(to JSR)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.YWF-23-YG-QB-010(to JSR)。
文摘Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury level.However,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these muscles may not effectively engage any of the remaining neurons in the descending pathway.A previous study unexpectedly found that a brief clinical round of passive activity significantly increased volitional muscle activation,as measured by surface electromyography.In this study,we further explored the effect of passive activity on surface electromyographic signals during volitional control tasks among individuals with complete spinal cord injury.Eleven patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury were recruited.Surface electromyography data from eight major leg muscles were acquired and compared before and after the passive activity protocol.The results indicated that the passive activity led to an increased number of activated volitional muscles and an increased frequency of activation.Although the cumulative root mean square of surface electromyography amplitude for volitional control of movement showed a slight increase after passive activity,the difference was not statistically significant.These findings suggest that brief passive activity may enhance the ability to initiate volitional muscle activity during surface electromyography tasks and underscore the potential of passive activity for improving residual motor control among patients with motor complete spinal cord injury.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Plan Project of Jiaxing,No.2021AD30044Supporting Discipline of Neurology in Jiaxing,No.2023-ZC-006Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University,No.2020-QMX-16.
文摘BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is the most malignant type of lung cancer.Even in the latent period and early stage of the tumor,SCLC is prone to produce distant metastases with complex and diverse clinical manifestations.SCLC is most closely related to paraneoplastic syndrome,and some cases present as paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathy(PPN).PPN in SCLC appears early,lacks specificity,and often occurs before diagnosis of the primary tumor.It is easy to be misdiagnosed as a primary disease of the nervous system,leading to missed diagnosis and delayed diagnosis and treatment.CASE SUMMARY This paper reports two cases of SCLC with limb weakness as the first symptom.The first symptoms of one patient were rash,limb weakness,and abnormal electromyography.The patient was repeatedly referred to the hospital for limb weakness and rash for>1 year,during which time,treatment with hormones and immunosuppressants did not lead to significant improvement,and the condition gradually aggravated.The patient was later diagnosed with SCLC,and the dyskinesia did not worsen as the dermatomyositis improved after antineoplastic and hormone therapy.The second case presented with limb numbness and weakness as the first symptom,but the patient did not pay attention to it.Later,the patient was diagnosed with SCLC after facial edema caused by tumor thrombus invading the vein.However,he was diagnosed with extensive SCLC and died 1 year after diagnosis.CONCLUSION The two cases had PPN and abnormal electromyography,highlighting its correlation with early clinical indicators of SCLC.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51005133)National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program,Grant No.2011AA11A244)Special Financial Grant of National Science Foundation for Post-doctoral Scientists of China(Grant No.201104098)
文摘The existing research of steering efficiency mainly focuses on the mechanism efficiency of steering system, aiming at designing and optimizing the mechanism of steering system. In the development of assist steering system especially the evaluation of its comfort, the steering efficiency of driver physiological output usually are not considered, because this physiological output is difficult to measure or to estimate, and the objective evaluation of steering comfort therefore cannot be conducted with movement efficiency perspective. In order to take a further step to the objective evaluation of steering comfort, an estimating method for the steering efficiency of the driver was developed based on the research of the relationship between the steering force and muscle activity. First, the steering forces in the steering wheel plane and the electromyography （EMG） signals of the primary muscles were measured. These primary muscles are the muscles in shoulder and upper ann which mainly produced the steering torque, and their functions in steering maneuver were identified previously. Next, based on the multiple regressions of the steering force and EMG signals, both the effective steering force and the total force capacity of driver in steering maneuver were calculated. Finally, the steering efficiency of driver was estimated by means of the estimated effective force and the total force capacity, which represented the information of driver physiological output of the primary muscles. This research develops a novel estimating method for driver steering efficiency of driver physiological output, including the estimation of both steering force and the force capacity of primary muscles with EMG signals, and will benefit to evaluate the steering comfort with an objective perspective.
文摘目的观察“揣穴促通”电针法治疗面神经炎的近期与远期疗效。方法将80例面神经炎患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。两组均予基础治疗,对照组于发病第7天采用传统电针分期治疗,观察组根据发病第7天表面肌电图检查结果判断神经受损程度进行“揣穴促通”电针分期治疗。在发病第7天、30天、60天、90天对患者进行自拟症状评分量表、多伦多面神经评定系统(Sunnybrook facial grading system,SFGS)、面部残疾指数躯体功能(facial disability index physical function,FDIP)和面部残疾指数社会功能(facial disability index social function,FDIS)进行评分。在发病第7天、30天观察表面肌电图[面神经分支混合肌肉动作电位(compound muscle action potential,CMAP)振幅、F数据与曲线、瞬目反射]变化;在发病90天,比较两组临床疗效及后遗症情况。结果两组治疗后各时间点自拟症状评分量表、SFGS、FDIP和FDIS评分与发病第7天比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组发病第30天FDIP评分高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组发病第90天SFGS评分高于对照组,FDIS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组发病第90天与发病第7天FDIS评分的差值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗后表面肌电图数据均优于治疗前(P<0.05),组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组痊愈率为95.0%,对照组痊愈率为65.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组后遗症发生率为2.5%,对照组后遗症发生率为17.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在基础治疗的基础上,“揣穴促通”电针法较传统电针法治疗面神经炎疗效更佳,能显著改善患者的近期躯体功能和后期社会生活功能。
基金partially supported by Natural Sciences Research Funding 2006C225 and 2009K0174 from Shaanxi Province awarded to Dr.Liang HC
文摘The objective of this study was to explore whether there was a functional link between trigeminal proprioception and the oculomotor system mediated through jaw muscle afferents.Electromyography（EMG） was undertaken of the levator palpebrae（LP） and superior rectus（SR）,and Fos expression was detected in the brainstem following consecutive down-stretching of the lower jaw at 2-4 Hz in rats.Retrograde tracing was undertaken of the interstitial nucleus of Cajal and Darkschewitsch nucleus（INC/DN） pre-oculomotor neurons.FMG-like responses were recorded from the LP/SR during down-stretching of the lower jaw at 2-4 Hz in 3 out of 11 rats.Fos expression was induced by consecutive down-stretching of the lower jaw at 2-4 Hz for 20-30 seconds.Interestingly,Fos expression was distributed mainly in the bilateral INC/DN area.We also examined Fos-like immunoreactivity in central mesencephalic and paramedian pontine reticular formation that harbors premotor neurons controlling horizontal eye movement,but no Fos-like staining was observed therein.By injection of retrograde tracers into the oculomotor nucleus combined with Fos immunostaining,double labeled pre-oculomotor neurons were visualized to distribute in the INC/DN.In conclusions,there may exist a trigeminal proprioceptive-oculomotor system neural circuit through jaw muscle afferents in rats.Judging from Fos distribution pattern,this pathway might be related to vertical and torsional eye movements.
文摘Recently, it has been demonstrated that hypertrophic training with CLU （cluster） sets produces greater strength and power following a 12-week periodized program. The results suggest possible differences in neuromuscular adaptations. Therefore, we sought to compare the acute effect of TRD （traditional） and CLU set configurations during the parallel back squat on mean power output and integrated EMG （electromyography） activity of the VL （vastus lateralis） and BF （biceps femoris）. Ten males （23 ~ 2.4 years; height 182.9 ~ 6.1 cm; weight 86.2 ~ 4.2 kg; 5 ~ 2 years training） performed the parallel back squat using TRD and CLU with 75% 1RM （one-repetition maximum） in a randomized crossover design. Data was analyzed by a repeated measures--ANOVA （analysis of variance）. A significant effect of set （P = 0.006） was observed in mean power output. Mean power output decreased over each successive set when collapsed for condition. Clusters resulted in greater mean power output during latter repetitions of each set （repetition 4, 6-10; P 〈 0.05）. A significant effect of set （P = 0.049） was observed in VL EMG. VL EMG increased over each successive set when collapsed for condition. TRD training produced significantly greater VL EMG during latter repetitions of each set （repetition 6-8; P 〈 0.05）. An interaction was observed in BF EMG. No significant differences were observed in post-hoc. Thus, cluster sets can be used to achieve greater power output, but greater neuromuscular activity should not be expected relative to traditional training.
基金supported by Inha University Research Grant,Korea
文摘An enhanced algorithm is proposed to recognize multi-channel electromyography(EMG) patterns using deep belief networks(DBNs). It is difficult to classify the EMG features because an EMG signal has nonlinear and time-varying characteristics.Therefore, in several previous studies, various machine-learning methods have been applied. A DBN is a fast, greedy learning algorithm that can find a fairly good set of weights rapidly, even in deep networks with a large number of parameters and many hidden layers. To evaluate this model, we acquired EMG signals, extracted their features, and then compared the model with the DBN and other conventional classifiers. The accuracy of the DBN is higher than that of the other algorithms. The classification performance of the DBN model designed is approximately 88.60%. It is 7.55%(p=9.82×10-12) higher than linear discriminant analysis(LDA) and 2.89%(p=1.94×10-5) higher than support vector machine(SVM). Further, the DBN is better than shallow learning algorithms or back propagation(BP), and this model is effective for an EMG-based user-interfaced system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.90307013,90707005,61534003the Science&Technology Pillar Program of Jiangsu Province in China,No.BE2013706
文摘Voluntary participation of hemiplegic patients is crucial for functional electrical stimulation therapy.A wearable functional electrical stimulation system has been proposed for real-time volitional hand motor function control using the electromyography bridge method.Through a series of novel design concepts,including the integration of a detecting circuit and an analog-to-digital converter,a miniaturized functional electrical stimulation circuit technique,a low-power super-regeneration chip for wireless receiving,and two wearable armbands,a prototype system has been established with reduced size,power,and overall cost.Based on wrist joint torque reproduction and classification experiments performed on six healthy subjects,the optimized surface electromyography thresholds and trained logistic regression classifier parameters were statistically chosen to establish wrist and hand motion control with high accuracy.Test results showed that wrist flexion/extension,hand grasp,and finger extension could be reproduced with high accuracy and low latency.This system can build a bridge of information transmission between healthy limbs and paralyzed limbs,effectively improve voluntary participation of hemiplegic patients,and elevate efficiency of rehabilitation training.
