Palladium(Pd)-based sulfides have triggered extensive interest due to their unique properties and potential applications in the fields of electronics and optoelectronics.However,the synthesis of large-scale uniform Pd...Palladium(Pd)-based sulfides have triggered extensive interest due to their unique properties and potential applications in the fields of electronics and optoelectronics.However,the synthesis of large-scale uniform PdS and PdS_(2)nanofilms(NFs)remains an enormous challenge.In this work,2-inch wafer-scale PdS and PdS_(2) NFs with excellent stability can be controllably prepared via chemical vapor deposition combined with electron beam evaporation technique.The thickness of the pre-deposited Pd film and the sulfurization temperature are critical for the precise synthesis of PdS and PdS_(2) NFs.A corresponding growth mechanism has been proposed based on our experimental results and Gibbs free energy calculations.The electrical transport properties of PdS and PdS_(2) NFs were explored by conductive atomic force microscopy.Our findings have achieved the controllable growth of PdS and PdS_(2) NFs,which may provide a pathway to facilitate PdS and PdS_(2) based applications for next-generation high performance optoelectronic devices.展开更多
Laminates with alternating layers of NiCoCrAlY and NiCr were fabricated by using electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) method. The influence of the substrate temperature on morphology of the laminates was i...Laminates with alternating layers of NiCoCrAlY and NiCr were fabricated by using electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) method. The influence of the substrate temperature on morphology of the laminates was investigated. The results show that in order to produce NiCoCrAlY/NiCr laminates with lower porosity, higher substrate temperature is required. The mechanical properties of the as-deposited samples and heat-treated samples were examined using tensile tests. The stress-strain curve of the as-deposited laminate shows a typical characteristic of multilayered materials and the fracture behavior is improved by annealing the samples at high temperatures. The tensile strength of the samples annealed at 760℃ is 658.4MPa, and the elongation reaches 6.2%.展开更多
Ti-Al thin sheet with dimension of 450 mm×450 mm×0.2 mm was prepared by electron beam physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD) technology. The surface and cross-section pattern of as-deposited sample were studied b...Ti-Al thin sheet with dimension of 450 mm×450 mm×0.2 mm was prepared by electron beam physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD) technology. The surface and cross-section pattern of as-deposited sample were studied by SEM and AFM,and then the composition and phase were analysed by XRD and EPMA. Finally,the effect on deposit by re-evaporation of Al was explored by calculating the ratio of re-evaporating capacity with depositing capacity of Al on the substrate. The results indicate that the evaporation process with Nb addition into the molten pool makes it earlier to reach the steady-state. The existing equiaxed crystal and columnar crystal along the cross-sectional may be caused by the transformation latent heat released during the transition course of atoms from gaseous state to solid state. The effect on deposit by re-evaporation of Al can be neglected because the re-evaporating capacity of Al is far below that of the depositing capacity.展开更多
The rupture behavior of electron beam physical vapour deposition（EBPVD） Ni/Ni3Al microlaminates composites subjected to tensile load were studied through the numerical method of finite element. 2D model and 3D model...The rupture behavior of electron beam physical vapour deposition（EBPVD） Ni/Ni3Al microlaminates composites subjected to tensile load were studied through the numerical method of finite element. 2D model and 3D model of EBPVD Ni/Ni3Al microlaminates with a centre crack were built respectively. A new scheme for building 3D crack point models was proposed and different types of elements were used. And stress intensity factors around the tip of the crack were obtained correspondingly. The results indicate that the key of the stress intensity factor for 2D model is presumably the average of the keys for 3D model in thickness and the key at the interface is the biggest, which suggests the propagation of the crack greatly likely happen at the interface.展开更多
The TiAl-based alloys sheet with 150 mm×100 mm×0.4 mm and the TiAl/Nb laminated composites with 150 mm×100 mm×0.2 mm were fabricated by using electron beam-physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD) method,...The TiAl-based alloys sheet with 150 mm×100 mm×0.4 mm and the TiAl/Nb laminated composites with 150 mm×100 mm×0.2 mm were fabricated by using electron beam-physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD) method, respectively. The microstructure and properties of the sheet were investigated by AFM, SEM and EDS. The results show that the TiAl based alloys sheet has a good surface quality, and its microstructure is columnar crystal. The component of the alloys indicates a regular and periodical gradient change which leads to the spontaneous delamination along the normal direction of substrate. In the TiAl/Nb laminated composites alternating overlaid by TiAl of 24 layers and Nb of 23 layers, the interface of each layer evenly distributed throughout the cross-section is transparent, and the interlayer spacing is about 8μm. The component of TiAl layers also changes regularly along the normal direction of substrate, but no delamination phenomenon is found. The TiAl/Nb laminated composites have better ductility than the TiAl-based alloys sheet.展开更多
Based on Langmuir equation and thermodynamic properties of iron-silicon binary alloy, a mathematical model about the process of electron-beam evaporated binary alloy Fe-6.5%Si was established. Variation of the composi...Based on Langmuir equation and thermodynamic properties of iron-silicon binary alloy, a mathematical model about the process of electron-beam evaporated binary alloy Fe-6.5%Si was established. Variation of the composition of molten pool, vapor and deposit with time, length of transient time and the composition of molten pool, deposit under the steady condition were presented according to the numerical model. The experimental results on the composition of deposit were compared to the data calculated through the model. The results show that the model is applicable, after evaporating for about 50min, the compositions of the deposit are equal to those of the ingot.展开更多
Thickness and component distributions of large-area thin films are an issue of in-ternational concern in the field of material processing. The present work employs experiments and direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) ...Thickness and component distributions of large-area thin films are an issue of in-ternational concern in the field of material processing. The present work employs experiments and direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method to investigate three-dimensional low-density, non-equilibrium jets of yttrium and titanium vapor atoms in an electron-beams physical vapor deposition (EBPVD) system furnished with two or three electron-beams, and obtains their deposition thickness and component distributions onto 4-inch and 6-inch mono-crystal silicon wafers. The DSMC results are found in excellent agreement with our measurements, such as evaporation rates of yttrium and titanium measured in-situ by quartz crystal reso-nators, deposited film thickness distribution measured by Rutherford backscat-tering spectrometer (RBS) and surface profilometer and deposited film molar ratio distribution measured by RBS and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). This can be taken as an indication that a combination of DSMC method with elaborate measurements may be satisfactory for predicting and designing accurately the transport process of EBPVD at the atomic level.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.11974301)Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province (No.2022GK2007)+2 种基金Key Project from Department Education of Hunan Province (No.22A0123)Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (No.21B0136)National college students innovation and entrepreneurship training program (No.S202310530016)。
文摘Palladium(Pd)-based sulfides have triggered extensive interest due to their unique properties and potential applications in the fields of electronics and optoelectronics.However,the synthesis of large-scale uniform PdS and PdS_(2)nanofilms(NFs)remains an enormous challenge.In this work,2-inch wafer-scale PdS and PdS_(2) NFs with excellent stability can be controllably prepared via chemical vapor deposition combined with electron beam evaporation technique.The thickness of the pre-deposited Pd film and the sulfurization temperature are critical for the precise synthesis of PdS and PdS_(2) NFs.A corresponding growth mechanism has been proposed based on our experimental results and Gibbs free energy calculations.The electrical transport properties of PdS and PdS_(2) NFs were explored by conductive atomic force microscopy.Our findings have achieved the controllable growth of PdS and PdS_(2) NFs,which may provide a pathway to facilitate PdS and PdS_(2) based applications for next-generation high performance optoelectronic devices.
文摘Laminates with alternating layers of NiCoCrAlY and NiCr were fabricated by using electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) method. The influence of the substrate temperature on morphology of the laminates was investigated. The results show that in order to produce NiCoCrAlY/NiCr laminates with lower porosity, higher substrate temperature is required. The mechanical properties of the as-deposited samples and heat-treated samples were examined using tensile tests. The stress-strain curve of the as-deposited laminate shows a typical characteristic of multilayered materials and the fracture behavior is improved by annealing the samples at high temperatures. The tensile strength of the samples annealed at 760℃ is 658.4MPa, and the elongation reaches 6.2%.
基金Project(NCET2004) supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, China
文摘Ti-Al thin sheet with dimension of 450 mm×450 mm×0.2 mm was prepared by electron beam physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD) technology. The surface and cross-section pattern of as-deposited sample were studied by SEM and AFM,and then the composition and phase were analysed by XRD and EPMA. Finally,the effect on deposit by re-evaporation of Al was explored by calculating the ratio of re-evaporating capacity with depositing capacity of Al on the substrate. The results indicate that the evaporation process with Nb addition into the molten pool makes it earlier to reach the steady-state. The existing equiaxed crystal and columnar crystal along the cross-sectional may be caused by the transformation latent heat released during the transition course of atoms from gaseous state to solid state. The effect on deposit by re-evaporation of Al can be neglected because the re-evaporating capacity of Al is far below that of the depositing capacity.
文摘The rupture behavior of electron beam physical vapour deposition（EBPVD） Ni/Ni3Al microlaminates composites subjected to tensile load were studied through the numerical method of finite element. 2D model and 3D model of EBPVD Ni/Ni3Al microlaminates with a centre crack were built respectively. A new scheme for building 3D crack point models was proposed and different types of elements were used. And stress intensity factors around the tip of the crack were obtained correspondingly. The results indicate that the key of the stress intensity factor for 2D model is presumably the average of the keys for 3D model in thickness and the key at the interface is the biggest, which suggests the propagation of the crack greatly likely happen at the interface.
基金Projects(90205034, 90405016) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The TiAl-based alloys sheet with 150 mm×100 mm×0.4 mm and the TiAl/Nb laminated composites with 150 mm×100 mm×0.2 mm were fabricated by using electron beam-physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD) method, respectively. The microstructure and properties of the sheet were investigated by AFM, SEM and EDS. The results show that the TiAl based alloys sheet has a good surface quality, and its microstructure is columnar crystal. The component of the alloys indicates a regular and periodical gradient change which leads to the spontaneous delamination along the normal direction of substrate. In the TiAl/Nb laminated composites alternating overlaid by TiAl of 24 layers and Nb of 23 layers, the interface of each layer evenly distributed throughout the cross-section is transparent, and the interlayer spacing is about 8μm. The component of TiAl layers also changes regularly along the normal direction of substrate, but no delamination phenomenon is found. The TiAl/Nb laminated composites have better ductility than the TiAl-based alloys sheet.
文摘Based on Langmuir equation and thermodynamic properties of iron-silicon binary alloy, a mathematical model about the process of electron-beam evaporated binary alloy Fe-6.5%Si was established. Variation of the composition of molten pool, vapor and deposit with time, length of transient time and the composition of molten pool, deposit under the steady condition were presented according to the numerical model. The experimental results on the composition of deposit were compared to the data calculated through the model. The results show that the model is applicable, after evaporating for about 50min, the compositions of the deposit are equal to those of the ingot.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 90205024, 10502051 and 10621202)
文摘Thickness and component distributions of large-area thin films are an issue of in-ternational concern in the field of material processing. The present work employs experiments and direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method to investigate three-dimensional low-density, non-equilibrium jets of yttrium and titanium vapor atoms in an electron-beams physical vapor deposition (EBPVD) system furnished with two or three electron-beams, and obtains their deposition thickness and component distributions onto 4-inch and 6-inch mono-crystal silicon wafers. The DSMC results are found in excellent agreement with our measurements, such as evaporation rates of yttrium and titanium measured in-situ by quartz crystal reso-nators, deposited film thickness distribution measured by Rutherford backscat-tering spectrometer (RBS) and surface profilometer and deposited film molar ratio distribution measured by RBS and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). This can be taken as an indication that a combination of DSMC method with elaborate measurements may be satisfactory for predicting and designing accurately the transport process of EBPVD at the atomic level.
