基于沥青在熔融纺丝过程中的滴落行为和流变学理论,提出了一种新型高效的中间相炭微球(MCMB)制备方法—毛细管破裂法(DCB法)。本实验以中间相沥青为原料,采用DCB法考察了不同接收相(水或THF)对MCMB制备的影响规律,并系统研究了相应MCMB...基于沥青在熔融纺丝过程中的滴落行为和流变学理论,提出了一种新型高效的中间相炭微球(MCMB)制备方法—毛细管破裂法(DCB法)。本实验以中间相沥青为原料,采用DCB法考察了不同接收相(水或THF)对MCMB制备的影响规律,并系统研究了相应MCMB微观结构的演变规律。在此基础上,所制MCMB经750℃的KOH活化制备了A-MCMB,以及经2800℃的石墨化制备了G-MCMB,并分别探究了它们作为超级电容器(EDLC)和锂离子电池(LIB)电极材料的电化学性能。结果表明:采用DCB方法所制备的水接收相的MCMB-W和THF接收相的MCMBT均呈现尺寸约1~2μm的球形结构特征。此外,A-MCMB-T具有高比表面积1391 m^(2)g^(-1)、微孔体积0.55 cm^(3)g^(-1)和中孔体积0.24 cm^(3)g^(-1),作为EDLC的电极材料时,其比电容比MP衍生的炭材料提高了30%,且电容保持率也显著提升。同时,G-MCMB-T具有较高的石墨化度0.895和有序的层状结构,作为LIB的负极材料时,在100 mA g^(-1)下进行100次循环后,具有353.5 m Ah g^(-1)的高比容量。因此,本文提出并验证了一种新的MCMB制备方法,有望为储能材料的设计和开发提供了一种思路和途径。展开更多
Polarizable electrodes of electric double layer capacitors(EDLCs) were made from carbon nanotubes(CNTs).Effect of carbon dioxide activation together with acid oxidation for the electrodes on the characteristics and pe...Polarizable electrodes of electric double layer capacitors(EDLCs) were made from carbon nanotubes(CNTs).Effect of carbon dioxide activation together with acid oxidation for the electrodes on the characteristics and performances of electrodes and EDLCs was studied.Carbon dioxide activation changed the microstructure of the electrodes,increased the effective surface area of CNTs and optimized the distribution of apertures of the electrodes.Acid oxidization modified the surface characteristics of CNTs.Based on the polarizable electrodes treated by carbon dioxide activation and acid oxidization,the performances of EDLCs were greatly enhanced.The specific capacitance of the electrodes with organic electrolyte was increased from 21.8 F/g to 60.4 F/g.展开更多
In order to review storage performance of the electric double layer capacitor （EDLC） in microgrid applications, charging time and storage efficiency issues are mainly studied aiming at three different charging modes...In order to review storage performance of the electric double layer capacitor （EDLC） in microgrid applications, charging time and storage efficiency issues are mainly studied aiming at three different charging modes, including the constant voltage charging mode （CVCM）, the constant current charging mode （CCCM） and the constant power charging mode （CPCM）, based on the practical EDLC product. Numerical calculation methods are presented for different charging modes, and the charging efficiency is also reviewed with strict mathematical deductions, which is validated to be accurate enough and applicable through a simple case with the PV/EDLC system illustration. Finally, trade-off problems between charging time and energy loss are also studied. Research results show that the CPCM is more suitable for microgrid networks compared with the traditional constant-voltage and constant-current charging modes. The hybrid charging method is recommended to save energy and keep high efficiency relatively at the same time. However, how to manage the combination percentage of different charging modes in a reasonable way should be dealt with according to the practical requirements.展开更多
A new precusor of activated carbon material--sugar was pyrolyzed under many different conditions. Experiments were carried out to search for optimal pyrolyzing conditions. It was found that sugar should be carbonized ...A new precusor of activated carbon material--sugar was pyrolyzed under many different conditions. Experiments were carried out to search for optimal pyrolyzing conditions. It was found that sugar should be carbonized at 700 ℃ and activated with potassium hydroxide at 800 ℃. The activated carbon prepared from pyrolytic treatment of sugar is therefore potential candidates as electrode material of electric double layer capacitor.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 50672025, 50730003）, The research fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education （No. 20070251008）.
文摘基于沥青在熔融纺丝过程中的滴落行为和流变学理论,提出了一种新型高效的中间相炭微球(MCMB)制备方法—毛细管破裂法(DCB法)。本实验以中间相沥青为原料,采用DCB法考察了不同接收相(水或THF)对MCMB制备的影响规律,并系统研究了相应MCMB微观结构的演变规律。在此基础上,所制MCMB经750℃的KOH活化制备了A-MCMB,以及经2800℃的石墨化制备了G-MCMB,并分别探究了它们作为超级电容器(EDLC)和锂离子电池(LIB)电极材料的电化学性能。结果表明:采用DCB方法所制备的水接收相的MCMB-W和THF接收相的MCMBT均呈现尺寸约1~2μm的球形结构特征。此外,A-MCMB-T具有高比表面积1391 m^(2)g^(-1)、微孔体积0.55 cm^(3)g^(-1)和中孔体积0.24 cm^(3)g^(-1),作为EDLC的电极材料时,其比电容比MP衍生的炭材料提高了30%,且电容保持率也显著提升。同时,G-MCMB-T具有较高的石墨化度0.895和有序的层状结构,作为LIB的负极材料时,在100 mA g^(-1)下进行100次循环后,具有353.5 m Ah g^(-1)的高比容量。因此,本文提出并验证了一种新的MCMB制备方法,有望为储能材料的设计和开发提供了一种思路和途径。
基金supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (Grant No.10332020)
文摘Polarizable electrodes of electric double layer capacitors(EDLCs) were made from carbon nanotubes(CNTs).Effect of carbon dioxide activation together with acid oxidation for the electrodes on the characteristics and performances of electrodes and EDLCs was studied.Carbon dioxide activation changed the microstructure of the electrodes,increased the effective surface area of CNTs and optimized the distribution of apertures of the electrodes.Acid oxidization modified the surface characteristics of CNTs.Based on the polarizable electrodes treated by carbon dioxide activation and acid oxidization,the performances of EDLCs were greatly enhanced.The specific capacitance of the electrodes with organic electrolyte was increased from 21.8 F/g to 60.4 F/g.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50907010)Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(No.20070286047)Scientific Innovation Foundation for Youngsters of CSEE
文摘In order to review storage performance of the electric double layer capacitor （EDLC） in microgrid applications, charging time and storage efficiency issues are mainly studied aiming at three different charging modes, including the constant voltage charging mode （CVCM）, the constant current charging mode （CCCM） and the constant power charging mode （CPCM）, based on the practical EDLC product. Numerical calculation methods are presented for different charging modes, and the charging efficiency is also reviewed with strict mathematical deductions, which is validated to be accurate enough and applicable through a simple case with the PV/EDLC system illustration. Finally, trade-off problems between charging time and energy loss are also studied. Research results show that the CPCM is more suitable for microgrid networks compared with the traditional constant-voltage and constant-current charging modes. The hybrid charging method is recommended to save energy and keep high efficiency relatively at the same time. However, how to manage the combination percentage of different charging modes in a reasonable way should be dealt with according to the practical requirements.
文摘A new precusor of activated carbon material--sugar was pyrolyzed under many different conditions. Experiments were carried out to search for optimal pyrolyzing conditions. It was found that sugar should be carbonized at 700 ℃ and activated with potassium hydroxide at 800 ℃. The activated carbon prepared from pyrolytic treatment of sugar is therefore potential candidates as electrode material of electric double layer capacitor.
